HENRY V

HENRY V THE Chorus to Act 5 of Henry V contains an uncharacteristic, direct topical reference: Were now the General of our gracious Empress— As in good time he may—from Ireland coming, Bringing rebellion broached on his sword, How many would the peaceful city quit To welcome him! ‘The General’ must be the Earl of Essex, whose ‘Empress’—Queen Elizabeth—had sent him on an Irish campaign on 27 March 1599; he returned, disgraced, on 28 September. Plans for his campaign had been known at least since the previous November; the idea that he might return in triumph would have been meaningless after September 1599, and it seems likely that Shakespeare completed his play during 1599, probably in the spring. It appeared in print, in a short and debased text, in (probably) August 1600, when it was said to have ‘been sundry times played by the Right Honourable the Lord Chamberlain his servants’. Although this text (which omits the Choruses) seems to have been put together from memory by actors playing in an abbreviated adaptation, the Shakespearian text behind it appears to have been in a later state than the generally superior text printed from Shakespeare’s own papers in the 1623 Folio. Our edition draws on the 1600 quarto in the attempt to represent the play as acted by Shakespeare’s company. The principal difference is the reversion to historical authenticity in the substitution at Agincourt of the Duke of Bourbon for the Dauphin. As in the two plays about Henry IV, Shakespeare is indebted to The Famous Victories of Henry the Fifth (printed 1598). Other Elizabethan plays about Henry V, now lost, may have influenced him; he certainly used the chronicle histories of Edward Hall (1542) and Holinshed (1577, revised and enlarged in 1587). From the ‘civil broils’ of the earlier history plays, Shakespeare turns to portray a country united in war against France. Each act is prefaced by a Chorus, speaking some of the play’s finest poetry, and giving it an epic quality. Henry V, ‘star of England’, is Shakespeare’s most heroic warrior king, but (like his predecessors) has an introspective side, and is aware of the crime by which his father came to the throne. We are reminded of his ‘wilder days’, and see that the transition from ‘madcap prince’ to the ‘mirror of all Christian kings’ involves loss: although the epilogue to 2 Henry IV had suggested that Sir John would reappear, he is only, though poignantly, an off-stage presence. Yet Shakespeare’s infusion of comic form into historical narrative reaches its natural conclusion in this play. Sir John’s cronies, Pistol, Bardolph, Nim, and Mistress Quickly, reappear to provide a counterpart to the heroic action, and Shakespeare invents comic episodes involving an Englishman (Gower), a Welshman (Fluellen), an Irishman (MacMorris), and a Scot (Jamy). The play also has romance elements, in the almost incredible extent of the English victory over the French and in the disguised Henry’s comradely mingling with his soldiers, as well as in his courtship of the French princess. The play’s romantic and heroic aspects have made it popular especially in times of war and have aroused accusations of jingoism, but the horrors of war are vividly depicted, and the Chorus’s closing speech reminds us that Henry died young, and that his son’s protector ‘lost France and made his England bleed’.

THE PERSONS OF THE PLAY

The Life of Henry the Fifth Prologue Enter Chorus as Prologue CHORUS O for a muse of fire, that would ascend The brightest heaven of invention: A kingdom for a stage, princes to act, And monarchs to behold the swelling scene. Then should the warlike Harry, like himself, Assume the port of Mars, and at his heels, Leashed in like hounds, should famine, sword, and fire Crouch for employment. But pardon, gentles all, The flat unraisèd spirits that hath dared On this unworthy scaffold to bring forth So great an object. Can this cock-pit hold The vasty fields of France? Or may we cram Within this wooden O the very casques That did affright the air at Agincourt? O pardon: since a crooked figure may Attest in little place a million, And let us, ciphers to this great account, On your imaginary forces work. Suppose within the girdle of these walls Are now confined two mighty monarchies, Whose high uprearèd and abutting fronts The perilous narrow ocean parts asunder. Piece out our imperfections with your thoughts: Into a thousand parts divide one man, And make imaginary puissance. Think, when we talk of horses, that you see them, Printing their proud hoofs i‘th’ receiving earth; For ’tis your thoughts that now must deck our kings, Carry them here and there, jumping o’er times, Turning th’accomplishment of many years Into an hourglass—for the which supply, Admit me Chorus to this history, Who Prologue-like your humble patience pray Gently to hear, kindly to judge, our play. Exit

Atto 1, Scena 1

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of Ely
CANTERBURY	My lord, I’ll tell you. That self bill is urged Which in th’eleventh year of the last king’s reign Was like, and had indeed against us passed, But that the scrambling and unquiet time Did push it out of farther question.
ELY	But how, my lord, shall we resist it now?
CANTERBURY	It must be thought on. If it pass against us, We lose the better half of our possession, For all the temporal lands which men devout By testament have given to the Church Would they strip from us—being valued thus: As much as would maintain, to the King’s honour, Full fifteen earls and fifteen hundred knights, Six thousand and two hundred good esquires; And, to relief of lazars and weak age, Of indigent faint souls past corporal toil, A hundred almshouses right well supplied; And to the coffers of the King beside A thousand pounds by th’ year. Thus runs the bill.
ELY	This would drink deep.
CANTERBURY	’Twould drink the cup and all.
ELY	But what prevention?
CANTERBURY	The King is full of grace and fair regard.
ELY	And a true lover of the holy Church.
CANTERBURY	The courses of his youth promised it not. The breath no sooner left his father’s body But that his wildness, mortified in him, Seemed to die too. Yea, at that very moment Consideration like an angel came And whipped th‘offending Adam out of him, Leaving his body as a paradise T’envelop and contain celestial spirits. Never was such a sudden scholar made; Never came reformation in a flood With such a heady currance scouring faults; Nor never Hydra-headed wilfulness So soon did lose his seat—and all at once— As in this king.
ELY	We are blessed in the change.
CANTERBURY	Hear him but reason in divinity And, all-admiring, with an inward wish You would desire the King were made a prelate; Hear him debate of commonwealth affairs, You would say it hath been all-in-all his study; List his discourse of war, and you shall hear A fearful battle rendered you in music; Turn him to any cause of policy, The Gordian knot of it he will unloose, Familiar as his garter—that when he speaks, The air, a chartered libertine, is still, And the mute wonder lurketh in men’s ears To steal his sweet and honeyed sentences: So that the art and practic part of life Must be the mistress to this theoric. Which is a wonder how his grace should glean it, Since his addiction was to courses vain, His companies unlettered, rude, and shallow, His hours filled up with riots, banquets, sports, And never noted in him any study, Any retirement, any sequestration From open haunts and popularity.
ELY	The strawberry grows underneath the nettle, And wholesome berries thrive and ripen best Neighboured by fruit of baser quality; And so the Prince obscured his contemplation Under the veil of wildness—which, no doubt, Grew like the summer grass, fastest by night, Unseen, yet crescive in his faculty.
CANTERBURY	It must be so, for miracles are ceased, And therefore we must needs admit the means How things are perfected.
ELY	But, my good lord, How now for mitigation of this bill Urged by the Commons? Doth his majesty Incline to it, or no?
CANTERBURY	He seems indifferent, Or rather swaying more upon our part Than cherishing th’exhibitors against us; For I have made an offer to his majesty, Upon our spiritual convocation And in regard of causes now in hand, Which I have opened to his grace at large: As touching France, to give a greater sum Than ever at one time the clergy yet Did to his predecessors part withal.
ELY	How did this offer seem received, my lord?
CANTERBURY	With good acceptance of his majesty, Save that there was not time enough to hear, As I perceived his grace would fain have done, The severals and unhidden passages Of his true titles to some certain dukedoms, And generally to the crown and seat of France, Derived from Edward, his great-grandfather.
ELY	What was th’impediment that broke this off?
CANTERBURY	The French ambassador upon that instant Craved audience—and the hour I think is come To give him hearing. Is it four o’clock?
ELY	It is. 95
CANTERBURY	Then go we in, to know his embassy— Which I could with a ready guess declare Before the Frenchman speak a word of it.
ELY	I’ll wait upon you, and I long to hear it. Exeunt

Atto 1, Scena 2

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry, the Dukes of Gloucester, Clarence, and Exeter, and the Earls of Warwick and Westmorland
KING HARRY	Where is my gracious lord of Canterbury?
EXETER	Not here in presence.
KING HARRY	Send for him, good uncle.
WESTMORLAND	Shall we call in th’ambassador, my liege?
KING HARRY	Not yet, my cousin. We would be resolved, Before we hear him, of some things of weight That task our thoughts, concerning us and France.
(didascalia)	Enter the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of Ely
CANTERBURY	God and his angels guard your sacred throne, And make you long become it.
KING HARRY	Sure we thank you. My learnèd lord, we pray you to proceed, And justly and religiously unfold Why the law Salic that they have in France Or should or should not bar us in our claim. And God forbid, my dear and faithful lord, That you should fashion, wrest, or bow your reading, Or nicely charge your understanding soul With opening titles miscreate, whose right Suits not in native colours with the truth; For God doth know how many now in health Shall drop their blood in approbation Of what your reverence shall incite us to. Therefore take heed how you impawn our person, How you awake our sleeping sword of war; We charge you in the name of God take heed. For never two such kingdoms did contend Without much fall of blood, whose guiltless drops Are every one a woe, a sore complaint ’Gainst him whose wrongs gives edge unto the swords That makes such waste in brief mortality. Under this conjuration speak, my lord, For we will hear, note, and believe in heart That what you speak is in your conscience washed As pure as sin with baptism.
CANTERBURY	Then hear me, gracious sovereign, and you peers That owe your selves, your lives, and services To this imperial throne. There is no bar To make against your highness’ claim to France But this, which they produce from Pharamond: ‘In terram Salicam mulieres ne succedant’— ’No woman shall succeed in Salic land’— Which ‘Salic land’ the French unjustly gloss To be the realm of France, and Pharamond The founder of this law and female bar. Yet their own authors faithfully affirm That the land Salic is in Germany, Between the floods of Saale and of Elbe, Where, Charles the Great having subdued the Saxons, There left behind and settled certain French Who, holding in disdain the German women For some dishonest manners of their life, Established there this law: to wit, no female Should be inheritrix in Salic land— Which Salic, as I said, ’twixt Elbe and Saale, Is at this day in Germany called Meissen. Then doth it well appear the Salic Law Was not devised for the realm of France. Nor did the French possess the Salic land Until four hundred one-and-twenty years After defunction of King Pharamond, Idly supposed the founder of this law, Who died within the year of our redemption Four hundred twenty-six; and Charles the Great Subdued the Saxons, and did seat the French Beyond the river Saale, in the year Eight hundred five. Besides, their writers say, King Pépin, which deposed Childéric, Did, as heir general—being descended Of Blithild, which was daughter to King Clotaire— Make claim and title to the crown of France. Hugh Capet also—who usurped the crown Of Charles the Duke of Lorraine, sole heir male Of the true line and stock of Charles the Great— To fine his title with some shows of truth, Though in pure truth it was corrupt and naught, Conveyed himself as heir to th’ Lady Lingard, Daughter to Charlemain, who was the son To Louis the Emperor, and Louis the son Of Charles the Great. Also, King Louis the Ninth, Who was sole heir to the usurper Capet, Could not keep quiet in his conscience, Wearing the crown of France, till satisfied That fair Queen Isabel, his grandmother, Was lineal of the Lady Ermengarde, Daughter to Charles, the foresaid Duke of Lorraine; By the which marriage, the line of Charles the Great Was reunited to the crown of France. So that, as clear as is the summer’s sun, King Pépin’s title and Hugh Capet’s claim, King Louis his satisfaction, all appear To hold in right and title of the female; So do the kings of France unto this day, Howbeit they would hold up this Salic Law To bar your highness claiming from the female, And rather choose to hide them in a net Than amply to embar their crooked titles, Usurped from you and your progenitors.
KING HARRY	May I with right and conscience make this claim?
CANTERBURY	The sin upon my head, dread sovereign. For in the Book of Numbers is it writ, ‘When the son dies, let the inheritance Descend unto the daughter.’ Gracious lord, Stand for your own; unwind your bloody flag; Look back into your mighty ancestors. Go, my dread lord, to your great-grandsire’s tomb, From whom you claim; invoke his warlike spirit, And your great-uncle’s, Edward the Black Prince, Who on the French ground played a tragedy, Making defeat on the full power of France, Whiles his most mighty father on a hill Stood smiling to behold his lion’s whelp Forage in blood of French nobility. no O noble English, that could entertain With half their forces the full pride of France, And let another half stand laughing by, All out of work, and cold for action.
ELY	Awake remembrance of those valiant dead, And with your puissant arm renew their feats. You are their heir, you sit upon their throne, The blood and courage that renowned them Runs in your veins—and my thrice-puissant liege Is in the very May-morn of his youth, Ripe for exploits and mighty enterprises.
EXETER	Your brother kings and monarchs of the earth Do all expect that you should rouse yourself As did the former lions of your blood.
WESTMORLAND	They know your grace hath cause; and means and might, So hath your highness. Never king of England Had nobles richer and more loyal subjects, Whose hearts have left their bodies here in England And lie pavilioned in the fields of France.
CANTERBURY	O let their bodies follow, my dear liege, With blood and sword and fire, to win your right. In aid whereof, we of the spiritualty Will raise your highness such a mighty sum As never did the clergy at one time Bring in to any of your ancestors.
KING HARRY	We must not only arm t’invade the French, But lay down our proportions to defend Against the Scot, who will make raid upon us With all advantages.
CANTERBURY	They of those marches, gracious sovereign, Shall be a wall sufficient to defend Our inland from the pilfering borderers.
KING HARRY	We do not mean the coursing snatchers only, But fear the main intendment of the Scot, Who hath been still a giddy neighbour to us. For you shall read that my great-grandfather Never unmasked his power unto France But that the Scot on his unfurnished kingdom Came pouring like the tide into a breach With ample and brim fullness of his force Galling the gleaned land with hot assays, Girding with grievous siege castles and towns, That England, being empty of defence, Hath shook and trembled at the bruit thereof.
CANTERBURY	She hath been then more feared than harmed, my liege. 155 For hear her but exampled by herself: When all her chivalry hath been in France And she a mourning widow of her nobles, She hath herself not only well defended But taken and impounded as a stray The King of Scots, whom she did send to France To fill King Edward’s fame with prisoner kings And make your chronicle as rich with praise As is the ooze and bottom of the sea With sunken wrack and sumless treasuries.
(didascalia)	A LORD
CANTERBURY	But there’s a saying very old and true: ‘If that you will France win, Then with Scotland first begin.’ For once the eagle England being in prey, To her unguarded nest the weasel Scot Comes sneaking, and so sucks her princely eggs, Playing the mouse in absence of the cat, To ’tame and havoc more than she can eat.
EXETER	It follows then the cat must stay at home. Yet that is but a crushed necessity, Since we have locks to safeguard necessaries And pretty traps to catch the petty thieves. While that the armed hand doth fight abroad, Th’advisèd head defends itself at home. For government, though high and low and lower, Put into parts, doth keep in one consent, Congreeing in a full and natural close, Like music.
CANTERBURY	True. Therefore doth heaven divide The state of man in divers functions, Setting endeavour in continual motion; To which is fixed, as an aim or butt, Obedience. For so work the honey-bees, Creatures that by a rule in nature teach The act of order to a peopled kingdom. They have a king, and officers of sorts, Where some like magistrates correct at home; Others like merchants venture trade abroad; Others like soldiers, armed in their stings, Make boot upon the summer’s velvet buds, Which pillage they with merry march bring home To the tent royal of their emperor, Who busied in his majesty surveys The singing masons building roofs of gold, The civil citizens lading up the honey, The poor mechanic porters crowding in Their heavy burdens at his narrow gate, The sad-eyed justice with his surly hum Delivering o’er to executors pale The lazy yawning drone. I this infer: That many things, having full reference To one consent, may work contrariously. As many arrows, loosed several ways, Fly to one mark, as many ways meet in one town, As many fresh streams meet in one salt sea, As many lines close in the dial’s centre, So may a thousand actions once afoot End in one purpose, and be all well borne Without defect. Therefore to France, my liege. Divide your happy England into four, Whereof take you one quarter into France, And you withal shall make all Gallia shake. If we with thrice such powers left at home Cannot defend our own doors from the dog, Let us be worried, and our nation lose The name of hardiness and policy.
KING HARRY	Call in the messengers sent from the Dauphin.
(didascalia)	Exit one or more
KING HARRY	Now are we well resolved, and by God’s help And yours, the noble sinews of our power, France being ours we’ll bend it to our awe, Or break it all to pieces. Or there we’ll sit, Ruling in large and ample empery O’er France and all her almost kingly dukedoms, Or lay these bones in an unworthy urn, Tombless, with no remembrance over them. Either our history shall with full mouth Speak freely of our acts, or else our grave, Like Turkish mute, shall have a tongueless mouth, Not worshipped with a waxen epitaph.
(didascalia)	Enter Ambassadors of France, with a tun
KING HARRY	Now are we well prepared to know the pleasure Of our fair cousin Dauphin, for we hear Your greeting is from him, not from the King.
AMBASSADOR	May’t please your majesty to give us leave Freely to render what we have in charge, Or shall we sparingly show you far off The Dauphin’s meaning and our embassy?
KING HARRY	We are no tyrant, but a Christian king, Unto whose grace our passion is as subject As is our wretches fettered in our prisons. Therefore with frank and with uncurbèd plainness Tell us the Dauphin’s mind.
AMBASSADOR	Thus then in few: Your highness lately sending into France Did claim some certain dukedoms, in the right Of your great predecessor, King Edward the Third. In answer of which claim, the Prince our master Says that you savour too much of your youth, And bids you be advised, there’s naught in France That can be with a nimble galliard won: You cannot revel into dukedoms there. He therefore sends you, meeter for your spirit, This tun of treasure, and in lieu of this Desires you let the dukedoms that you claim Hear no more of you. This the Dauphin speaks.
KING HARRY	What treasure, uncle?
EXETER	(opening the tun) Tennis balls, my liege.
KING HARRY	We are glad the Dauphin is so pleasant with us. His present and your pains we thank you for. When we have matched our rackets to these balls, We will in France, by God’s grace, play a set Shall strike his father’s crown into the hazard. Tell him he hath made a match with such a wrangler That all the courts of France will be disturbed With chases. And we understand him well, How he comes o‘er us with our wilder days, Not measuring what use we made of them. We never valued this poor seat of England, And therefore, living hence, did give ourself To barbarous licence—as ’tis ever common That men are merriest when they are from home. But tell the Dauphin I will keep my state, Be like a king, and show my sail of greatness When I do rouse me in my throne of France. For that have I laid by my majesty And plodded like a man for working days, But I will rise there with so full a glory That I will dazzle all the eyes of France, Yea strike the Dauphin blind to look on us. And tell the pleasant Prince this mock of his Hath turned his balls to gunstones, and his soul Shall stand sore charged for the wasteful vengeance That shall fly from them—for many a thousand widows Shall this his mock mock out of their dear husbands, Mock mothers from their sons, mock castles down; Ay, some are yet ungotten and unborn That shall have cause to curse the Dauphin’s scorn. But this lies all within the will of God, To whom I do appeal, and in whose name Tell you the Dauphin I am coming on To venge me as I may, and to put forth My rightful hand in a well-hallowed cause. So get you hence in peace. And tell the Dauphin His jest will savour but of shallow wit When thousands weep more than did laugh at it.— Convey them with safe conduct.—Fare you well.
(didascalia)	Exeunt Ambassadors
EXETER	This was a merry message.
KING HARRY	We hope to make the sender blush at it. Therefore, my lords, omit no happy hour That may give furth’rance to our expedition; For we have now no thought in us but France, Save those to God, that run before our business. Therefore let our proportions for these wars Be soon collected, and all things thought upon That may with reasonable swiftness add More feathers to our wings; for, God before, We’ll chide this Dauphin at his father’s door. Therefore let every man now task his thought, That this fair action may on foot be brought.
(didascalia)	Flourish. Exeunt

Atto 2, Scena 0

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Now all the youth of England are on fire, And silken dalliance in the wardrobe lies; Now thrive the armourers, and honour’s thought Reigns solely in the breast of every man. They sell the pasture now to buy the horse, Following the mirror of all Christian kings With winged heels, as English Mercuries. For now sits expectation in the air And hides a sword from hilts unto the point With crowns imperial, crowns and coronets, Promised to Harry and his followers. The French, advised by good intelligence Of this most dreadful preparation, Shake in their fear, and with pale policy Seek to divert the English purposes. O England!—model to thy inward greatness, Like little body with a mighty heart, What mightst thou do, that honour would thee do, Were all thy children kind and natural? But see, thy fault France hath in thee found out: A nest of hollow bosoms, which he fills With treacherous crowns; and three corrupted men— One, Richard, Earl of Cambridge; and the second Henry, Lord Scrope of Masham; and the third Sir Thomas Grey, knight, of Northumberland— Have, for the gilt of France—O guilt indeed!— Confirmed conspiracy with fearful France; And by their hands this grace of kings must die, If hell and treason hold their promises, Ere he take ship for France, and in Southampton. Linger your patience on, and we’ll digest Th’abuse of distance, force—perforce—a play. The sum is paid, the traitors are agreed, The King is set from London, and the scene Is now transported, gentles, to Southampton. There is the playhouse now, there must you sit, And thence to France shall we convey you safe, And bring you back, charming the narrow seas To give you gentle pass—for if we may We’ll not offend one stomach with our play. But till the King come forth, and not till then, Unto Southampton do we shift our scene. Exit

Atto 2, Scena 1

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Corporal Nim and Lieutenant Bardolph
BARDOLPH	Well met, Corporal Nim.
NIM	Good morrow, Lieutenant Bardolph.
BARDOLPH	What, are Ensign Pistol and you friends yet?
NIM	For my part, I care not. I say little, but when time shall serve, there shall be smiles—but that shall be as it may. I dare not fight, but I will wink and hold out mine iron. It is a simple one, but what though? It will toast cheese, and it will endure cold, as another man’s sword will—and there’s an end.
BARDOLPH	I will bestow a breakfast to make you friends, and we’ll be all three sworn brothers to France. Let’t be so, good Corporal Nim.
NIM	Faith, I will live so long as I may, that’s the certain of it, and when I cannot live any longer, I will do as I may. That is my rest, that is the rendezvous of it.
BARDOLPH	It is certain, corporal, that he is married to Nell Quickly, and certainly she did you wrong, for you were troth-plight to her.
NIM	I cannot tell. Things must be as they may. Men may sleep, and they may have their throats about them at that time, and some say knives have edges. It must be as it may. Though Patience be a tired mare, yet she will plod. There must be conclusions. Well, I cannot tell. Enter Ensign Pistol and Hostess Quickly
BARDOLPH	Good morrow, Ensign Pistol. (To Nim) Here comes Ensign Pistol and his wife. Good Corporal, be patient here.
(didascalia)	NIM How now, mine host Pistol?
PISTOL	Base tick, call’st thou me host? Now by Gad’s lugs I swear I scorn the term. Nor shall my Nell keep lodgers.
(didascalia)	HOSTESS No, by my troth, not long, for we cannot lodge and board a dozen or fourteen gentlewomen that live honestly by the prick of their needles, but it will be thought we keep a bawdy-house straight. Nim draws his sword O well-a-day, Lady! If he be not hewn now, we shall see wilful adultery and murder committed. 36 Pistol draws his sword
BARDOLPH	Good lieutenant, good corporal, offer nothing here.
NIM	Pish.
PISTOL	Pish for thee, Iceland dog. Thou prick-eared cur of Iceland.
HOSTESS	Good Corporal Nim, show thy valour, and put up your sword. They sheathe their swords
NIM	Will you shog off? I would have you solus.
PISTOL	‘Solus’, egregious dog? O viper vile! The solus in thy most marvellous face, The solus in thy teeth, and in thy throat, And in thy hateful lungs, yea in thy maw pardie— And which is worse, within thy nasty mouth. I do retort the solus in thy bowels, For I can take, and Pistol’s cock is up, And flashing fire will follow.
NIM	I am not Barbason, you cannot conjure me. I have an humour to knock you indifferently well. If you grow foul with me, Pistol, I will scour you with my rapier, as I may, in fair terms. If you would walk off, I would prick your guts a little, in good terms, as I may, and that’s the humour of it.
PISTOL	O braggart vile, and damned furious wight! The grave doth gape and doting death is near. Therefore ex-hale. Pistol and Nim draw their swords
BARDOLPH	Hear me, hear me what I say.
(didascalia)	He draws his sword
BARDOLPH	He that strikes the first stroke, I’ll run him up to the hilts, as I am a soldier.
PISTOL	An oath of mickle might, and fury shall abate.
(didascalia)	They sheathe their swords
PISTOL	(To Nim) Give me thy fist, thy forefoot to me give. 65 Thy spirits are most tall.
NIM	I will cut thy throat one time or other, in fair terms, that is the humour of it.
PISTOL	Couple a gorge, That is the word. I thee defy again. O hound of Crete, think‘st thou my spouse to get? No, to the spital go, And from the powd’ring tub of infamy Fetch forth the lazar kite of Cressid’s kind, Doll Tearsheet she by name, and her espouse. I have, and I will hold, the quondam Quickly For the only she, and—pauca, there’s enough. Go to.
(didascalia)	Enter the Boy running
BOY	Mine host Pistol, you must come to my master, and you, hostess. He is very sick, and would to bed.—Good Bardolph, put thy face between his sheets, and do the office of a warming-pan.—Faith, he’s very ill.
BARDOLPH	Away, you rogue!
(didascalia)	HOSTESS By my troth, he’ll yield the crow a pudding one of these days. The King has killed his heart. Good husband, come home presently. Exit with Boy
BARDOLPE	Come, shall I make you two friends? We must to France together. Why the devil should we keep knives to cut one another’s throats?
PISTOL	Let floods o‘erswell, and fiends for food howl on!
NIM	You’ll pay me the eight shillings I won of you at betting?
PISTOL	Base is the slave that pays.
NIM	That now I will have. That’s the humour of it.
PISTOL	As manhood shall compound. Push home. Pistol and Nim draw their swords
(didascalia)	BARDOLPH drawing his sword By this sword, he that makes the first thrust, I’ll kill him. By this sword, I will.
PISTOL	Sword is an oath, and oaths must have their course.
(didascalia)	He sheathes his sword
BARDOLPH	Corporal Nim, an thou wilt be friends, be friends. An thou wilt not, why then be enemies with me too. Prithee, put up.
NIM	I shall have my eight shillings?
PISTOL	A noble shalt thou have, and present pay, And liquor likewise will I give to thee, And friendship shall combine, and brotherhood. I’ll live by Nim, and Nim shall live by me. Is not this just? For I shall sutler be Unto the camp, and profits will accrue. Give me thy hand.
NIM	I shall have my noble?
PISTOL	In cash, most justly paid.
(didascalia)	NIM Well then, that’s the humour of’t. Nim and Bardolph sheathe their swords. Enter Hostess Quickly
(didascalia)	HOSTESS As ever you come of women, come in quickly to Sir John. Ah, poor heart, he is so shaked of a burning quotidian-tertian, that it is most lamentable to behold. Sweet men, come to him. Exit
NIM	The King hath run bad humours on the knight, that’s the even of it.
PISTOL	Nim, thou hast spoke the right. His heart is fracted and corroborate.
NIM	The King is a good king, but it must be as it may. He passes some humours and careers.
PISTOL	Let us condole the knight—for, lambkins, we will live. Exeunt

Atto 2, Scena 2

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Dukes of Exeter and Gloucester, and the Earl of Westmorland
(didascalia)	GLOUCESTER
(didascalia)	Fore God, his grace is bold to trust these traitors.
EXETER	They shall be apprehended by and by.
WESTMORLAND	How smooth and even they do bear themselves, As if allegiance in their bosoms sat, Crowned with faith and constant loyalty.
(didascalia)	GLOUCESTER
WESTMORLAND	The King hath note of all that they intend, By interception which they dream not of.
EXETER	Nay, but the man that was his bedfellow, Whom he hath dulled and cloyed with gracious favours— That he should for a foreign purse so sell His sovereign’s life to death and treachery.
(didascalia)	Sound trumpets. Enter King Harry, Lord Scrope, the
EXETER	Earl of Cambridge, and Sir Thomas Grey
KING HARRY	Now sits the wind fair, and we will aboard. My lord of Cambridge, and my kind lord of Masham, And you, my gentle knight, give me your thoughts. Think you not that the powers we bear with us Will cut their passage through the force of France, Doing the execution and the act For which we have in head assembled them?
SCROPE	No doubt, my liege, if each man do his best.
KING HARRY	I doubt not that, since we are well persuaded We carry not a heart with us from hence That grows not in a fair consent with ours, Nor leave not one behind that doth not wish Success and conquest to attend on us.
CAMBRIDGE	Never was monarch better feared and loved Than is your majesty. There’s not, I think, a subject That sits in heart-grief and uneasiness Under the sweet shade of your government.
GREY	True. Those that were your father’s enemies Have steeped their galls in honey, and do serve you With hearts create of duty and of zeal.
KING HARRY	We therefore have great cause of thankfulness, And shall forget the office of our hand Sooner than quittance of desert and merit, According to their weight and worthiness.
SCROPE	So service shall with steelèd sinews toil, And labour shall refresh itself with hope, To do your grace incessant services.
KING HARRY	We judge no less.—Uncle of Exeter, Enlarge the man committed yesterday That railed against our person. We consider It was excess of wine that set him on, And on his more advice we pardon him.
SCROPE	That’s mercy, but too much security. Let him be punished, sovereign, lest example Breed, by his sufferance, more of such a kind.
KING HARRY	O let us yet be merciful.
CAMBRIDGE	So may your highness, and yet punish too.
GREY	Sir, you show great mercy if you give him life, After the taste of much correction.
KING HARRY	Alas, your too much love and care of me Are heavy orisons ’gainst this poor wretch. If little faults proceeding on distemper Shall not be winked at, how shall we stretch our eye When capital crimes, chewed, swallowed, and digested, Appear before us? We’ll yet enlarge that man, Though Cambridge, Scrope, and Grey, in their dear care And tender preservation of our person, Would have him punished. And now to our French causes. Who are the late commissioners?
CAMBRIDGE	I one, my lord. Your highness bade me ask for it today.
SCROPE	So did you me, my liege.
GREY	And I, my royal sovereign.
KING HARRY	Then Richard, Earl of Cambridge, there is yours; There yours, Lord Scrope of Masham, and sir knight, Grey of Northumberland, this same is yours. Read them, and know I know your worthiness.— My lord of Westmorland, and Uncle Exeter, We will aboard tonight.—Why, how now, gentlemen? What see you in those papers, that you lose So much complexion?—Look ye how they change: Their cheeks are paper.—Why, what read you there That have so cowarded and chased your blood Out of appearance?
CAMBRIDGE	I do confess my fault, And do submit me to your highness’ mercy.
GREY	and SCROPE To which we all appeal.
KING HARRY	The mercy that was quick in us but late By your own counsel is suppressed and killed. You must not dare, for shame, to talk of mercy, For your own reasons turn into your bosoms, As dogs upon their masters, worrying you.— See you, my princes and my noble peers, These English monsters? My lord of Cambridge here, You know how apt our love was to accord To furnish him with all appurtenants Belonging to his honour; and this vile man Hath for a few light crowns lightly conspired And sworn unto the practices of France To kill us here in Hampton. To the which This knight, no less for bounty bound to us Than Cambridge is, hath likewise sworn. But O What shall I say to thee, Lord Scrope, thou cruel, Ingrateful, savage, and inhuman creature? Thou that didst bear the key of all my counsels, That knew‘st the very bottom of my soul, That almost mightst ha’ coined me into gold Wouldst thou ha’ practised on me for thy use: May it be possible that foreign hire Could out of thee extract one spark of evil That might annoy my finger? ’Tis so strange That though the truth of it stands off as gross As black on white, my eye will scarcely see it. Treason and murder ever kept together, As two yoke-devils sworn to either’s purpose, Working so grossly in a natural cause That admiration did not whoop at them; But thou, ‘gainst all proportion, didst bring in Wonder to wait on treason and on murder. And whatsoever cunning fiend it was That wrought upon thee so preposterously Hath got the voice in hell for excellence. And other devils that suggest by treasons Do botch and bungle up damnation With patches, colours, and with forms, being fetched From glist’ring semblances of piety; But he that tempered thee, bade thee stand up, Gave thee no instance why thou shouldst do treason, Unless to dub thee with the name of traitor. If that same demon that hath gulled thee thus Should with his lion gait walk the whole world, He might return to vasty Tartar back And tell the legions, ‘I can never win A soul so easy as that Englishman’s.’ O how hast thou with jealousy infected The sweetness of affiance. Show men dutiful? Why so didst thou. Seem they grave and learned? Why so didst thou. Come they of noble family? Why so didst thou. Seem they religious? Why so didst thou. Or are they spare in diet, Free from gross passion, or of mirth or anger, Constant in spirit, not swerving with the blood, Garnished and decked in modest complement, Not working with the eye without the ear, And but in purged judgement trusting neither? Such, and so finely boulted, didst thou seem. And thus thy fall hath left a kind of blot To mark the full-fraught man, and best endowed, With some suspicion. I will weep for thee, For this revolt of thine methinks is like Another fall of man.—Their faults are open. Arrest them to the answer of the law, And God acquit them of their practices.
EXETER	I arrest thee of high treason, by the name of Richard, Earl of Cambridge.—I arrest thee of high treason, by the name of Henry, Lord Scrope of Masham.—I arrest thee of high treason, by the name of Thomas Grey, knight, of Northumberland.
SCROPE	Our purposes God justly hath discovered, And I repent my fault more than my death, Which I beseech your highness to forgive Although my body pay the price of it.
CAMBRIDGE	For me, the gold of France did not seduce, Although I did admit it as a motive The sooner to effect what I intended. But God be thankèd for prevention, Which heartily in sufferance will rejoice, Beseeching God and you to pardon me.
GREY	Never did faithful subject more rejoice At the discovery of most dangerous treason Than I do at this hour joy o’er myself, Prevented from a damned enterprise. My fault, but not my body, pardon, sovereign.
KING HARRY	God ’quit you in his mercy. Hear your sentence. You have conspired against our royal person, Joined with an enemy proclaimed and fixed, And from his coffers Received the golden earnest of our death, Wherein you would have sold your king to slaughter, His princes and his peers to servitude, His subjects to oppression and contempt, And his whole kingdom into desolation. Touching our person seek we no revenge, But we our kingdom’s safety must so tender, Whose ruin you have sought, that to her laws We do deliver you. Get ye therefore hence, Poor miserable wretches, to your death; The taste whereof, God of his mercy give You patience to endure, and true repentance Of all your dear offences.—Bear them hence.
(didascalia)	Exeunt the traitors, guarded
KING HARRY	Now lords for France, the enterprise whereof Shall be to you, as us, like glorious. We doubt not of a fair and lucky war, Since God so graciously hath brought to light This dangerous treason lurking in our way To hinder our beginnings. We doubt not now But every rub is smoothed on our way. Then forth, dear countrymen. Let us deliver Our puissance into the hand of God, Putting it straight in expedition. Cheerly to sea, the signs of war advance: No king of England, if not king of France.
(didascalia)	Flourish. Exeunt

Atto 2, Scena 3

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Ensign Pistol, Corporal Nim, Lieutenant Bardolph, Boy, and Hostess Quickly
HOSTESS	Prithee, honey, sweet husband, let me bring thee to Staines.
PISTOL	No, for my manly heart doth erne. Bardolph, Be blithe; Nim, rouse thy vaunting veins; boy, bristle Thy courage up. For Falstaff he is dead, And we must earn therefore.
BARDOLPH	Would I were with him, wheresome’er he is, either in heaven or in hell.
HOSTESS	Nay, sure he’s not in hell. He’s in Arthur’s bosom, if ever man went to Arthur’s bosom. A made a finer end, and went away an it had been any christom child. A parted ev’n just between twelve and one, ev’n at the turning o‘th’ tide—for after I saw him fumble with the sheets, and play with flowers, and smile upon his finger’s end, I knew there was but one way. For his nose was as sharp as a pen, and a babbled of green fields. ‘How now, Sir John?’ quoth I. ‘What, man! Be o’ good cheer.’ So a cried out, ‘God, God, God’, three or four times. Now I, to comfort him, bid him a should not think of God; I hoped there was no need to trouble himself with any such thoughts yet. So a bade me lay more clothes on his feet. I put my hand into the bed and felt them, and they were as cold as any stone. Then I felt to his knees, and so up’ard and up’ard, and all was as cold as any stone.
NIM	They say he cried out of sack.
HOSTESS	Ay, that a did.
BARDOLPH	And of women.
HOSTESS	Nay, that a did not.
BOY	Yes, that a did, and said they were devils incarnate.
HOSTESS	A could never abide carnation, ’twas a colour he never liked.
BOY	A said once the devil would have him about women.
HOSTESS	A did in some sort, indeed, handle women—but then he was rheumatic, and talked of the Whore of Babylon.
BOY	Do you not remember, a saw a flea stick upon Bardolph’s nose, and a said it was a black soul burning in hell-fire.
BARDOLPH	Well, the fuel is gone that maintained that fire. That’s all the riches I got in his service.
NIM	Shall we shog? The King will be gone from Southampton.
PISTOL	Come, let’s away.—My love, give me thy lips. He kisses her Look to my chattels and my movables. Let senses rule. The word is ‘Pitch and pay’. Trust none, for oaths are straws, men’s faiths are wafer-cakes, And Holdfast is the only dog, my duck. Therefore caveto be thy counsellor. Go, clear thy crystals.—Yokefellows in arms, Let us to France, like horseleeches, my boys, To suck, to suck, the very blood to suck!
BOY	(aside) And that’s but unwholesome food, they say.
PISTOL	Touch her soft mouth, and march.
BARDOLPH	Farewell, hostess. He kisses her
NIM	I cannot kiss, that is the humour of it, but adieu.
PISTOL	(to Hostess) Let housewifery appear. Keep close, I thee command.
HOSTESS	Farewell! Adieu! Exeunt severally

Atto 2, Scena 4

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Flourish. Enter King Charles the Sixth of France, the Dauphin, the Constable, and the Dukes of Berri and Bourbon
KING CHARLES	Thus comes the English with full power upon us, And more than carefully it us concerns To answer royally in our defences. Therefore the Dukes of Berri and of Bourbon, Of Brabant and of Orléans shall make forth, And you Prince Dauphin, with all swift dispatch To line and new-repair our towns of war With men of courage and with means defendant. For England his approaches makes as fierce As waters to the sucking of a gulf. It fits us then to be as provident As fear may teach us, out of late examples Left by the fatal and neglected English Upon our fields.
DAUPHIN	My most redoubted father, It is most meet we arm us ‘gainst the foe, For peace itself should not so dull a kingdom— Though war, nor no known quarrel, were in question— But that defences, musters, preparations Should be maintained, assembled, and collected As were a war in expectation. Therefore, I say, ’tis meet we all go forth To view the sick and feeble parts of France. And let us do it with no show of fear, No, with no more than if we heard that England Were busied with a Whitsun morris dance. For, my good liege, she is so idly kinged, Her sceptre so fantastically borne By a vain, giddy, shallow, humorous youth, That fear attends her not.
CONSTABLE	O peace, Prince Dauphin. You are too much mistaken in this king. Question your grace the late ambassadors With what great state he heard their embassy, How well supplied with aged counsellors, How modest in exception, and withal How terrible in constant resolution, And you shall find his vanities forespent Were but the outside of the Roman Brutus, Covering discretion with a coat of folly, As gardeners do with ordure hide those roots That shall first spring and be most delicate.
DAUPHIN	Well, ‘tis not so, my Lord High Constable. But though we think it so, it is no matter. In cases of defence ’tis best to weigh The enemy more mighty than he seems. So the proportions of defence are filled— Which, of a weak and niggardly projection, Doth like a miser spoil his coat with scanting A little cloth.
KING CHARLES	Think we King Harry strong. And princes, look you strongly arm to meet him. The kindred of him hath been fleshed upon us, And he is bred out of that bloody strain That haunted us in our familiar paths. Witness our too-much-memorable shame When Crécy battle fatally was struck, And all our princes captived by the hand Of that black name, Edward, Black Prince of Wales, Whiles that his mountant sire, on mountain standing, Up in the air, crowned with the golden sun, Saw his heroical seed and smiled to see him Mangle the work of nature and deface The patterns that by God and by French fathers Had twenty years been made. This is a stem Of that victorious stock, and let us fear The native mightiness and fate of him.
(didascalia)	Enter a Messenger
MESSENGER	Ambassadors from Harry, King of England, Do crave admittance to your majesty.
KING CHARLES	We’ll give them present audience. Go and bring them.
(didascalia)	Exit Messenger
KING CHARLES	You see this chase is hotly followed, friends.
DAUPHIN	Turn head and stop pursuit. For coward dogs Most spend their mouths when what they seem to threaten Runs far before them. Good my sovereign, Take up the English short, and let them know Of what a monarchy you are the head. Self-love, my liege, is not so vile a sin As self-neglecting.
(didascalia)	Enter the Duke of Exeter, attended
KING CHARLES	From our brother England?
EXETER	From him, and thus he greets your majesty: He wills you, in the name of God Almighty, That you divest yourself and lay apart The borrowed glories that by gift of heaven, By law of nature and of nations, ‘longs To him and to his heirs, namely the crown, And all wide-stretched honours that pertain By custom and the ordinance of times Unto the crown of France. That you may know ’Tis no sinister nor no awkward claim, Picked from the worm-holes of long-vanished days, Nor from the dust of old oblivion raked, He sends you this most memorable line, In every branch truly demonstrative, Willing you over-look this pedigree, And when you find him evenly derived From his most famed of famous ancestors, Edward the Third, he bids you then resign Your crown and kingdom, indirectly held From him, the native and true challenger.
KING CHARLES	Or else what follows?
EXETER	Bloody constraint. For if you hide the crown Even in your hearts, there will he rake for it. Therefore in fierce tempest is he coming, In thunder and in earthquake, like a Jove, That if requiring fail, he will compel; And bids you, in the bowels of the Lord, Deliver up the crown, and to take mercy On the poor souls for whom this hungry war Opens his vasty jaws; and on your head Turns he the widows’ tears, the orphans’ cries, The dead men’s blood, the pining maidens’ groans, For husbands, fathers, and betrothed lovers That shall be swallowed in this controversy. This is his claim, his threat’ning, and my message— Unless the Dauphin be in presence here, To whom expressly I bring greeting too.
KING CHARLES	For us, we will consider of this further. Tomorrow shall you bear our full intent Back to our brother England.
DAUPHIN	For the Dauphin, I stand here for him. What to him from England?
EXETER	Scorn and defiance, slight regard, contempt; And anything that may not misbecome The mighty sender, doth he prize you at. Thus says my king: an if your father’s highness Do not, in grant of all demands at large, Sweeten the bitter mock you sent his majesty, He’ll call you to so hot an answer for it That caves and womby vaultages of France Shall chide your trespass and return your mock In second accent of his ordinance.
DAUPHIN	Say if my father render fair return It is against my will, for I desire Nothing but odds with England. To that end, As matching to his youth and vanity, I did present him with the Paris balls.
EXETER	He’ll make your Paris Louvre shake for it, Were it the mistress court of mighty Europe. And be assured, you’ll find a diff’rence, As we his subjects have in wonder found, Between the promise of his greener days And these he masters now: now he weighs time Even to the utmost grain. That you shall read In your own losses, if he stay in France.
(didascalia)	KING CHARLES rising
EXETER	Tomorrow shall you know our mind at full.
(didascalia)	Flourish
EXETER	Dispatch us with all speed, lest that our king Come here himself to question our delay— For he is footed in this land already.
KING CHARLES	You shall be soon dispatched with fair conditions. A night is but small breath and little pause To answer matters of this consequence.
(didascalia)	Flourish. Exeunt
KING CHARLES	3.0 Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Thus with imagined wing our swift scene flies In motion of no less celerity Than that of thought. Suppose that you have seen The well-appointed king at Dover pier Embark his royalty, and his brave fleet With silken streamers the young Phoebus fanning. Play with your fancies, and in them behold Upon the hempen tackle ship-boys climbing; Hear the shrill whistle, which doth order give To sounds confused; behold the threaden sails, Borne with th‘invisible and creeping wind, Draw the huge bottoms through the furrowed sea, Breasting the lofty surge. O do but think You stand upon the rivage and behold A city on th’inconstant billows dancing— For so appears this fleet majestical, Holding due course to Harfleur. Follow, follow! Grapple your minds to sternage of this navy, And leave your England, as dead midnight still, Guarded with grandsires, babies, and old women, Either past or not arrived to pith and puissance. For who is he, whose chin is but enriched With one appearing hair, that will not follow These culled and choice-drawn cavaliers to France? Work, work your thoughts, and therein see a siege. Behold the ordnance on their carriages, With fatal mouths gaping on girded Harfleur. Suppose th’ambassador from the French comes back, Tells Harry that the King doth offer him Catherine his daughter, and with her, to dowry, Some petty and unprofitable dukedoms. The offer likes not, and the nimble gunner With linstock now the devilish cannon touches,
(didascalia)	Alarum, and chambers go off
CHORUS	And down goes all before them. Still be kind, And eke out our performance with your mind. Exit

Atto 3, Scena 1

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Alarum. Enter King Harry and the English army, with scaling ladders
KING HARRY	Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead. In peace there’s nothing so becomes a man As modest stillness and humility, But when the blast of war blows in our ears, Then imitate the action of the tiger. Stiffen the sinews, conjure up the blood, Disguise fair nature with hard-favoured rage. Then lend the eye a terrible aspect, Let it pry through the portage of the head Like the brass cannon, let the brow o‘erwhelm it As fearfully as doth a gallèd rock O’erhang and jutty his confounded base, Swilled with the wild and wasteful ocean. Now set the teeth and stretch the nostril wide, Hold hard the breath, and bend up every spirit To his full height. On, on, you noblest English, Whose blood is fet from fathers of war-proof, Fathers that like so many Alexanders Have in these parts from morn till even fought, And sheathed their swords for lack of argument. Dishonour not your mothers; now attest That those whom you called fathers did beget you. Be copy now to men of grosser blood, And teach them how to war. And you, good yeomen, Whose limbs were made in England, show us here The mettle of your pasture; let us swear That you are worth your breeding—which I doubt not, For there is none of you so mean and base That hath not noble lustre in your eyes. I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips, Straining upon the start. The game’s afoot. Follow your spirit, and upon this charge Cry, ‘God for Harry! England and Saint George!’
(didascalia)	Alarum, and chambers go off. Exeunt

Atto 3, Scena 2

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Nim, Bardolph, Ensign Pistol, and Boy
BARDOLPH	On, on, on, on, oh! To the breach, to the breach!
NIM	Pray thee corporal, stay. The knocks are too hot, and for mine own part I have not a case of lives. The humour of it is too hot, that is the very plainsong of it. 6
PISTOL	’The plainsong’ is most just, for humours do abound. Knocks go and come, God’s vassals drop and die,
(didascalia)	sings And sword and shield
PISTOL	In bloody field Doth win immortal fame.
BOY	Would I were in an alehouse in London. I would give all my fame for a pot of ale, and safety.
(didascalia)	PISTOL sings And I.
BOY	If wishes would prevail with me My purpose should not fail with me But thither would I hie.
(didascalia)	BOY sings As duly
BOY	But not as truly As bird doth sing on bough.
(didascalia)	Enter Captain Fluellen and beats them in
FLUELLEN	God’s plud! Up to the breaches, you dogs! Avaunt, you cullions!
PISTOL	Be merciful, great duke, to men of mould. Abate thy rage, abate thy manly rage, Abate thy rage, great duke. Good bawcock, bate Thy rage. Use lenity, sweet chuck.
(didascalia)	NIM These be good humours! Fluellen begins to beat Nim Your honour runs bad humours.
(didascalia)	Exeunt all but the Boy
BOY	As young as I am, I have observed these three swashers. I am boy to them all three, but all they three, though they should serve me, could not be man to me, for indeed three such antics do not amount to a man. For Bardolph, he is white-livered and red-faced—by the means whereof a faces it out, but fights not. For Pistol, he hath a killing tongue and a quiet sword—by the means whereof a breaks words, and keeps whole weapons. For Nim, he hath heard that men of few words are the best men, and therefore he scorns to say his prayers, lest a should be thought a coward. But his few bad words are matched with as few good deeds—for a never broke any man’s head but his own, and that was against a post, when he was drunk. They will steal anything, and call it ‘purchase’. Bardolph stole a lute case, bore it twelve leagues, and sold it for three halfpence. Nim and Bardolph are sworn brothers in filching, and in Calais they stole a fire shovel. I knew by that piece of service the men would carry coals. They would have me as familiar with men’s pockets as their gloves or their handkerchiefs—which makes much against my manhood, if I should take from another’s pocket to put into mine, for it is plain pocketing up of wrongs. I must leave them, and seek some better service. Their villainy goes against my weak stomach, and therefore I must cast it up. Exit

Atto 3, Scena 3

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captain Gower and Captain Fluellen, meeting
GOWER	Captain Fluellen, you must come presently to the mines. The Duke of Gloucester would speak with you.
FLUELLEN	To the mines? Tell you the Duke it is not so good to come to the mines. For look you, the mines is not according to the disciplines of the war. The concavities of it is not sufficient. For look you, th’thversary, you may discuss unto the Duke, look you, is digt himself, four yard under, the countermines. By Cheshu, I think a will plow up all, if there is not better directions.
GOWER	The Duke of Gloucester, to whom the order of the siege is given, is altogether directed by an Irishman, a very valiant gentleman, i’faith.
FLUELLEN	It is Captain MacMorris, is it not?
GOWER	I think it be.
FLUELLEN	By Cheshu, he is an ass, as in the world. I will verify as much in his beard. He has no more directions in the true disciplines of the wars, look you—of the Roman disciplines—than is a puppy dog.
(didascalia)	Enter Captain MacMorris and Captain Jamy
GOWER	Here a comes, and the Scots captain, Captain Jamy, with him.
FLUELLEN	Captain Jamy is a marvellous falorous gentleman, that is certain, and of great expedition and knowledge in th’anciant wars, upon my particular knowledge of his directions. By Cheshu, he will maintain his argument as well as any military man in the world, in the disciplines of the pristine wars of the Romans.
JAMY	I say gud day, Captain Fluellen.
FLUELLEN	Good e’en to your worship, good Captain James.
GOWER	How now, Captain MacMorris, have you quit the mines? Have the pioneers given o’er?
MACMORRIS	By Chrish law, ‘tish ill done. The work ish give over, the trumpet sound the retreat. By my hand I swear, and my father’s soul, the work ish ill done, it ish give over. I would have blowed up the town, so Chrish save me law, in an hour. O ’tish ill done, ‘tish ill done, by my hand ’tish ill done.
FLUELLEN	Captain MacMorris, I beseech you now, will you vouchsafe me, look you, a few disputations with you, as partly touching or concerning the disciplines of the war, the Roman wars, in the way of argument, look you, and friendly communication? Partly to satisfy my opinion and partly for the satisfaction, look you, of my mind. As touching the direction of the military discipline, that is the point.
JAMY	It sall be vary gud, gud feith, gud captains bath, and I sall quite you with gud leve, as I may pick occasion. That sall I, marry.
MACMORRIS	It is no time to discourse, so Chrish save me. The day is hot, and the weather and the wars and the King and the dukes. It is no time to discourse. The town is besieched. An the trumpet call us to the breach, and we talk and, be Chrish, do nothing, ‘tis shame for us all. So God sa’ me, ’tis shame to stand still, it is shame by my hand. And there is throats to be cut, and works to be done, and there ish nothing done, so Chrish sa’ me law.
JAMY	By the mess, ere these eyes of mine take themselves to slumber, ay’ll de gud service, or I’ll lig i‘th’ grund for it. Ay owe Got a death, and I’ll pay’t as valorously as I may, that sall I suirely do, that is the brief and the long. Marry, I wad full fain heard some question ’tween you twae.
FLUELLEN	Captain MacMorris, I think, look you, under your correction, there is not many of your nation—
MACMORRIS	Of my nation? What ish my nation? Ish a villain and a bastard and a knave and a rascal? What ish my nation? Who talks of my nation?
FLUELLEN	Look you, if you take the matter otherwise than is meant, Captain MacMorris, peradventure I shall think you do not use me with that affability as in discretion you ought to use me, look you, being as good a man as yourself, both in the disciplines of war and in the derivation of my birth, and in other particularities.
MACMORRIS	I do not know you so good a man as myself. So Chrish save me, I will cut off your head.
GOWER	Gentlemen both, you will mistake each other.
JAMY	Ah, that’s a foul fault. A parley is sounded
GOWER	The town sounds a parley.
FLUELLEN	Captain MacMorris, when there is more better opportunity to be required, look you, I will be so bold as to tell you I know the disciplines of war. And there is an end.
(didascalia)	Exit
FLUELLEN	[Flourish.] Enter King Harry and all his train before the gates
KING HARRY	How yet resolves the Governor of the town? This is the latest parle we will admit. Therefore to our best mercy give yourselves, Or like to men proud of destruction Defy us to our worst. For as I am a soldier, A name that in my thoughts becomes me best, If I begin the batt‘ry once again I will not leave the half-achieved Harfleur Till in her ashes she lie buried. The gates of mercy shall be all shut up, And the fleshed soldier, rough and hard of heart, In liberty of bloody hand shall range With conscience wide as hell, mowing like grass Your fresh fair virgins and your flow’ring infants. What is it then to me if impious war Arrayed in flames like to the prince of fiends Do with his smirched complexion all fell feats Enlinked to waste and desolation? What is’t to me, when you yourselves are cause, If your pure maidens fall into the hand Of hot and forcing violation? What rein can hold licentious wickedness When down the hill he holds his fierce career? We may as bootless spend our vain command Upon th‘enragèd soldiers in their spoil As send precepts to the leviathan To come ashore. Therefore, you men of Harfleur, Take pity of your town and of your people Whiles yet my soldiers are in my command, Whiles yet the cool and temperate wind of grace O’erblows the filthy and contagious clouds Of heady murder, spoil, and villainy. If not—why, in a moment look to see The blind and bloody soldier with foul hand Defile the locks of your shrill-shrieking daughters; Your fathers taken by the silver beards, And their most reverend heads dashed to the walls; Your naked infants spitted upon pikes, Whiles the mad mothers with their howls confused Do break the clouds, as did the wives of Jewry At Herod’s bloody-hunting slaughtermen. What say you? Will you yield, and this avoid? Or, guilty in defence, be thus destroyed?
(didascalia)	Enter Governor [on the wall]
GOVERNOR	Our expectation hath this day an end. The Dauphin, whom of succours we entreated, Returns us that his powers are yet not ready To raise so great a siege. Therefore, dread King, We yield our town and lives to thy soft mercy.
(didascalia)	Enter our gates, dispose of us and ours,
GOVERNOR	For we no longer are defensible.
KING HARRY	Open your gates. [Exit Governor] Come, Uncle Exeter, Go you and enter Harfleur. There remain, And fortify it strongly ’gainst the French. Use mercy to them all. For us, dear uncle, The winter coming on, and sickness growing Upon our soldiers, we will retire to Calais. Tonight in Harfleur will we be your guest; Tomorrow for the march are we addressed. [The gates are opened.] Flourish, and they enter the town

Atto 3, Scena 4

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Princess Catherine and Alice, an old gentlewoman
CATHERINE	Alice, tu as été en Angleterre, et tu bien parles le langage.
ALICE	Un peu, madame.
CATHERINE	Je te prie, m‘enseignez. Il faut que j’apprenne à parler. Comment appelez-vous la main en anglais?
ALICE	La main? Elle est appelée de hand.
CATHERINE	De hand. Et les doigts?
ALICE	Les doigts? Ma foi, j‘oublie les doigts, mais je me souviendrai. Les doigts—je pense qu’ils sont appelés de fingres. Oui, de fingres.
CATHERINE	La main, de hand; les doigts, de fingres. Je pense que je suis la bonne écolière; j‘ai gagné deux mots d’anglais vitement. Comment appelez-vous les ongles? ALICE Les ongles? Nous les appelons de nails.
CATHERINE	De nails. Écoutez—dites-moi si je parle bien: de hand, de fingres, et de nails.
ALICE	C’est bien dit, madame. Il est fort bon anglais.
CATHERINE	Dites-moi l’anglais pour le bras.
ALICE	De arma, madame.
CATHERINE	Et le coude?
ALICE	D’elbow.
CATHERINE	D‘elbow. Je m’en fais la repetition de tous les mots que vous m’avez appris dès a present.
ALICE	Il est trop difficile, madame, comme je pense.
CATHERINE	Excusez-moi, Alice. Écoutez: d‘hand, de fingre, de nails, d’arma, de bilbow.
ALICE	D’elbow, madame.
CATHERINE	O Seigneur Dieu, je m‘en oublie! D’elbow. Comment appelez-vous le col?
ALICE	De nick, madame.
CATHERINE	De nick. Et le menton?
ALICE	De chin.
CATHERINE	De sin. Le col, de nick; le menton, de sin.
ALICE	Oui. Sauf votre honneur, en vérité vous prononcez les mots aussi droit que les natifs d’Angleterre.
CATHERINE	Je ne doute point d’apprendre, par la grace de Dieu, et en peu de temps.
ALICE	N’avez-vous y déjà oublié ce que je vous ai enseigné?
CATHERINE	Non, et je réciterai à vous promptement: d’hand, de fingre, de mailès—
ALICE	De nails, madame.
CATHERINE	De nails, de arma, de ilbow—
ALICE	Sauf votre honneur, d’elbow.
CATHERINE	Ainsi dis-je. D’elbow, de nick, et de sin. Comment appelez-vous les pieds et la robe?
ALICE	De foot, madame, et de cown.
CATHERINE	De foot et de cown? O Seigneur Dieu! Ils sont les mots de son mauvais, corruptible, gros, et impudique, et non pour les dames d‘honneur d’user. Je ne voudrais prononcer ces mots devant les seigneurs de France pour tout le monde. Foh! De foot et de cown! Néanmoins, je réciterai une autre fois ma leçon ensemble. D‘hand, de fingre, de nails, d’arma, d’elbow, de nick, de sin, de foot, de cown.
ALICE	Excellent, madame!
CATHERINE	C’est assez pour une fois. Allons-nous à diner.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Atto 3, Scena 5

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter King Charles the Sixth of France, the Dauphin, the Constable, the Duke of Bourbon, and others
KING CHARLES	‘Tis certain he hath passed the River Somme.
CONSTABLE	And if he be not fought withal, my lord, Let us not live in France; let us quit all And give our vineyards to a barbarous people.
DAUPHIN	O Dieu vivant! Shall a few sprays of us, The emptying of our fathers’ luxury, Our scions, put in wild and savage stock, Spirt up so suddenly into the clouds And over-look their grafters?
(didascalia)	BOURBON
DAUPHIN	Normans, but bastard Normans, Norman bastards! Mort de ma vie, if they march along Unfought withal, but I will sell my dukedom To buy a slobb’ry and a dirty farm In that nook-shotten isle of Albion.
CONSTABLE	Dieu de batailles! Where have they this mettle? Is not their climate foggy, raw, and dull, On whom as in despite the sun looks pale, Killing their fruit with frowns? Can sodden water, A drench for sur-reined jades—their barley-broth— Decoct their cold blood to such valiant heat? And shall our quick blood, spirited with wine, Seem frosty? O for honour of our land Let us not hang like roping icicles Upon our houses’ thatch, whiles a more frosty people Sweat drops of gallant youth in our rich fields— ‘Poor’ may we call them, in their native lords.
DAUPHIN	By faith and honour, Our madams mock at us and plainly say Our mettle is bred out, and they will give Their bodies to the lust of English youth, To new-store France with bastard warriors.
(didascalia)	BOURBON
DAUPHIN	They bid us, ‘To the English dancing-schools, And teach lavoltas high and swift corantos’— Saying our grace is only in our heels, And that we are most lofty runaways.
KING CHARLES	Where is Montjoy the herald? Speed him hence. Let him greet England with our sharp defiance. Up, princes, and with spirit of honour edged More sharper than your swords, hie to the field. Charles Delabret, High Constable of France, You Dukes of Orléans, Bourbon, and of Berri, Alençon, Brabant, Bar, and Burgundy, Jaques Châtillion, Rambures, Vaudemont, Beaumont, Grandpré, Roussi, and Fauconbridge, Foix, Lestrelles, Boucicault, and Charolais, High dukes, great princes, barons, lords, and knights, For your great seats now quit you of great shames. Bar Harry England, that sweeps through our land With pennons painted in the blood of Harfleur; Rush on his host, as doth the melted snow Upon the valleys, whose low vassal seat The Alps doth spit and void his rheum upon. Go down upon him, you have power enough, And in a captive chariot into Rouen Bring him our prisoner.
CONSTABLE	This becomes the great. Sorry am I his numbers are so few, His soldiers sick and famished in their march, For I am sure when he shall see our army He’ll drop his heart into the sink of fear And, fore achievement, offer us his ransom.
KING CHARLES	Therefore, Lord Constable, haste on Montjoy, And let him say to England that we send To know what willing ransom he will give.— Prince Dauphin, you shall stay with us in Rouen.
DAUPHIN	Not so, I do beseech your majesty.
KING CHARLES	Be patient, for you shall remain with us.— Now forth, Lord Constable, and princes all, And quickly bring us word of England’s fall.
(didascalia)	Exeunt severally

Atto 3, Scena 6

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captains Gower and Fluellen, meeting
GOWER	How now, Captain Fluellen, come you from the bridge?
FLUELLEN	I assure you there is very excellent services committed at the bridge.
GOWER	Is the Duke of Exeter safe?
FLUELLEN	The Duke of Exeter is as magnanimous as Agamemnon, and a man that I love and honour with my soul and my heart and my duty and my live and my living and my uttermost power. He is not, God be praised and blessed, any hurt in the world, but keeps the bridge most valiantly, with excellent discipline. There is an ensign lieutenant there at the pridge, I think in my very conscience he is as valiant a man as Mark Antony, and he is a man of no estimation in the world, but I did see him do as gallant service.
GOWER	What do you call him?
FLUELLEN	He is called Ensign Pistol.
GOWER	I know him not.
(didascalia)	Enter Ensign Pistol
FLUELLEN	Here is the man.
PISTOL	Captain, I thee beseech to do me favours. The Duke of Exeter doth love thee well.
FLUELLEN	Ay, I praise God, and I have merited some love at his hands.
PISTOL	Bardolph, a soldier firm and sound of heart, Of buxom valour, hath by cruel fate And giddy Fortune’s furious fickle wheel, That goddess blind that stands upon the rolling restless stone—
FLUELLEN	By your patience, Ensign Pistol: Fortune is painted blind, with a muffler afore her eyes, to signify to you that Fortune is blind. And she is painted also with a wheel, to signify to you—which is the moral of it—that she is turning and inconstant and mutability and variation. And her foot, look you, is fixed upon a spherical stone, which rolls and rolls and rolls. In good truth, the poet makes a most excellent description of it; Fortune is an excellent moral.
PISTOL	Fortune is Bardolph’s foe and frowns on him, For he hath stol’n a pax, and hangèd must a be. A damned death— Let gallows gape for dog, let man go free, And let not hemp his windpipe suffocate. But Exeter hath given the doom of death For pax of little price. Therefore go speak, the Duke will hear thy voice, And let not Bardolph’s vital thread be cut With edge of penny cord and vile reproach. Speak, captain, for his life, and I will thee requite.
FLUELLEN	Ensign Pistol, I do partly understand your meaning.
PISTOL	Why then rejoice therefor.
FLUELLEN	Certainly, ensign, it is not a thing to rejoice at. For if, look you, he were my brother, I would desire the Duke to use his good pleasure, and put him to executions. For discipline ought to be used.
PISTOL	Die and be damned! and fico for thy friendship.
FLUELLEN	It is Well.
PISTOL	The fig of Spain.
FLUELLEN	Very good.
PISTOL	I say the fig within thy bowels and thy dirty maw.
(didascalia)	Exit
FLUELLEN	Captain Gower, cannot you hear it lighten and thunder?
GOWER	Why, is this the ensign you told me of? I remember him now. A bawd, a cutpurse.
FLUELLEN	I’ll assure you, a uttered as prave words at the pridge as you shall see in a summer’s day. But it is very well. What he has spoke to me, that is well, I warrant you, when time is serve.
GOWER	Why ’tis a gull, a fool, a rogue, that now and then goes to the wars, to grace himself at his return into London under the form of a soldier. And such fellows are perfect in the great commanders’ names, and they will learn you by rote where services were done—at such and such a sconce, at such a breach, at such a convoy, who came off bravely, who was shot, who disgraced, what terms the enemy stood on—and this they con perfectly in the phrase of war, which they trick up with new-tuned oaths. And what a beard of the General’s cut and a horrid suit of the camp will do among foaming bottles and ale-washed wits is wonderful to be thought on. But you must learn to know such slanders of the age, or else you may be marvellously mistook.
FLUELLEN	I tell you what, Captain Gower, I do perceive he is not the man that he would gladly make show to the world he is. If I find a hole in his coat, I will tell him my mind. A drum is heard Hark you, the King is coming, and I must speak with him from the pridge.
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry and his poor soldiers, with drum and colours
FLUELLEN	God pless your majesty.
KING HARRY	How now, Fluellen, com’st thou from the bridge?
FLUELLEN	Ay, so please your majesty. The Duke of Exeter has very gallantly maintained the pridge. The French is gone off, look you, and there is gallant and most prave passages. Marry, th’athversary was have possession of the pridge, but he is enforced to retire, and the Duke of Exeter is master of the pridge. I can tell your majesty, the Duke is a prave man.
KING HARRY	What men have you lost, Fluellen?
FLUELLEN	The perdition of th’athversary hath been very great, reasonable great. Marry, for my part I think the Duke hath lost never a man, but one that is like to be executed for robbing a church, one Bardolph, if your majesty know the man. His face is all bubuncles and whelks and knobs and flames o’ fire, and his lips blows at his nose, and it is like a coal of fire, sometimes plue and sometimes red. But his nose is executed, and his fire’s out.
KING HARRY	We would have all such offenders so cut off, and we here give express charge that in our marches through the country there be nothing compelled from the villages, nothing taken but paid for, none of the French upbraided or abused in disdainful language. For when lenity and cruelty play for a kingdom, the gentler gamester is the soonest winner. Tucket. Enter Montjoy
MONTJOY	You know me by my habit.
KING HARRY	Well then, I know thee. What shall I know of thee?
MONTJOY	My master’s mind.
KING HARRY	Unfold it.
MONTJOY	Thus says my King: ‘Say thou to Harry of England, though we seemed dead, we did but sleep. Advantage is a better soldier than rashness. Tell him, we could have rebuked him at Harfleur, but that we thought not good to bruise an injury till it were full ripe. Now we speak upon our cue, and our voice is imperial. England shall repent his folly, see his weakness, and admire our sufferance. Bid him therefore consider of his ransom, which must proportion the losses we have borne, the subjects we have lost, the disgrace we have digested—which in weight to re-answer, his pettiness would bow under. For our losses, his exchequer is too poor; for th’ffusion of our blood, the muster of his kingdom too faint a number; and for our disgrace, his own person kneeling at our feet but a weak and worthless satisfaction. To this add defiance, and tell him for conclusion he hath betrayed his followers, whose condemnation is pronounced.’ So far my King and master; so much my office.
KING HARRY	What is thy name? I know thy quality.
MONTJOY	Montjoy.
KING HARRY	Thou dost thy office fairly. Turn thee back And tell thy king I do not seek him now, But could be willing to march on to Calais Without impeachment, for to say the sooth— Though ’tis no wisdom to confess so much Unto an enemy of craft and vantage— My people are with sickness much enfeebled, My numbers lessened, and those few I have Almost no better than so many French; Who when they were in health—I tell thee herald, I thought upon one pair of English legs Did march three Frenchmen. Yet forgive me, God, That I do brag thus. This your air of France Hath blown that vice in me. I must repent. Go, therefore, tell thy master here I am; My ransom is this frail and worthless trunk, My army but a weak and sickly guard. Yet, God before, tell him we will come on, Though France himself and such another neighbour Stand in our way. There’s for thy labour, Montjoy. Go bid thy master well advise himself. If we may pass, we will; if we be hindered, We shall your tawny ground with your red blood Discolour. And so, Montjoy, fare you well. The sum of all our answer is but this: We would not seek a battle as we are, Nor as we are we say we will not shun it. So tell your master.
MONTJOY	I shall deliver so. Thanks to your highness. Exit
GLOUCESTER	I hope they will not come upon us now.
KING HARRY	We are in God’s hand, brother, not in theirs. March to the bridge. It now draws toward night. Beyond the river we’ll encamp ourselves, And on tomorrow bid them march away. Exeunt

Atto 3, Scena 7

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Constable, Lord Rambures, the Dukes of Orléans and Bourbon, with others
CONSTABLE	Tut, I have the best armour of the world. Would it were day.
ORLEANS	You have an excellent armour. But let my horse have his due.
CONSTABLE	It is the best horse of Europe. ORLÉANS Will it never be morning?
(didascalia)	BOURBON My lord of Orléans and my Lord High Constable, you talk of horse and armour?
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS You are as well provided of both as any prince in the world.
(didascalia)	BOURBON What a long night is this! I will not change my horse with any that treads but on four pasterns. Ah ha! He bounds from the earth as if his entrails were hares-le cheval volant, the Pegasus, qui a les narines de feu! When I bestride him, I soar, I am a hawk; he trots the air, the earth sings when he touches it, the basest horn of his hoof is more musical than the pipe of Hermes.
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS He’s of the colour of the nutmeg.
(didascalia)	BOURBON And of the heat of the ginger. It is a beast for Perseus. He is pure air and fire, and the dull elements of earth and water never appear in him, but only in patient stillness while his rider mounts him. He is indeed a horse, and all other jades you may call beasts.
CONSTABLE	Indeed, my lord, it is a most absolute and excellent horse.
(didascalia)	BOURBON It is the prince of palfreys. His neigh is like the bidding of a monarch, and his countenance enforces homage.
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS No more, cousin.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Nay, the man hath no wit, that cannot from the rising of the lark to the lodging of the lamb vary deserved praise on my palfrey. It is a theme as fluent as the sea. Turn the sands into eloquent tongues, and my horse is argument for them all. ‘Tis a subject for a sovereign to reason on, and for a sovereign’s sovereign to ride on, and for the world, familiar to us and unknown, to lay apart their particular functions, and wonder at him. I once writ a sonnet in his praise, and began thus: ‘Wonder of nature!—’
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS I have heard a sonnet begin so to one’s mistress.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Then did they imitate that which I composed to my courser, for my horse is my mistress.
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS Your mistress bears well.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Me well, which is the prescribed praise and perfection of a good and particular mistress.
CONSTABLE	Nay, for methought yesterday your mistress shrewdly shook your back.
(didascalia)	BOURBON So perhaps did yours.
CONSTABLE	Mine was not bridled.
(didascalia)	BOURBON O then belike she was old and gentle, and you rode like a kern of Ireland, your French hose off, and in your strait strossers.
CONSTABLE	You have good judgement in horsemanship.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Be warned by me then: they that ride so, and ride not warily, fall into foul bogs. I had rather have my horse to my mistress.
CONSTABLE	I had as lief have my mistress a jade.
(didascalia)	BOURBON I tell thee, Constable, my mistress wears his own hair.
CONSTABLE	I could make as true a boast as that, if I had a sow to my mistress.
(didascalia)	BOURBON ‛Le chien est retourné à son propre vomissement, et la truie lavée au bourbier.’ Thou makest use of anything.
CONSTABLE	Yet do I not use my horse for my mistress, or any such proverb so little kin to the purpose.
RAMBURES	My Lord Constable, the armour that I saw in your tent tonight, are those stars or suns upon it?
CONSTABLE	Stars, my lord.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Some of them will fall tomorrow, I hope.
CONSTABLE	And yet my sky shall not want.
(didascalia)	BOURBON That may be, for you bear a many superfluously, and ’twere more honour some were away.
CONSTABLE	Even as your horse bears your praises, who would trot as well were some of your brags dismounted.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Would I were able to load him with his desert! Will it never be day? I will trot tomorrow a mile, and my way shall be paved with English faces.
CONSTABLE	I will not say so, for fear I should be faced out of my way. But I would it were morning, for I would fain be about the ears of the English.
RAMBURES	Who will go to hazard with me for twenty prisoners?
CONSTABLE	You must first go yourself to hazard, ere you have them.
(didascalia)	BOURBON ’Tis midnight. I’ll go arm myself. Exit
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS The Duke of Bourbon longs for morning.
RAMBURES	He longs to eat the English.
CONSTABLE	I think he will eat all he kills. ORLÉANS By the white hand of my lady, he’s a gallant prince.
CONSTABLE	Swear by her foot, that she may tread out the oath. ORLÉANS He is simply the most active gentleman of France.
CONSTABLE	Doing is activity, and he will still be doing. ORLÉANS He never did harm that I heard of.
CONSTABLE	Nor will do none tomorrow. He will keep that good name still. ORLÉANS I know him to be valiant.
CONSTABLE	I was told that by one that knows him better than you. ORLÉANS What’s he?
CONSTABLE	Marry, he told me so himself, and he said he cared not who knew it. ORLÉANS He needs not; it is no hidden virtue in him.
CONSTABLE	By my faith, sir, but it is. Never anybody saw it but his lackey. ’Tis a hooded valour, and when it appears it will bate. ORLÉANS ‘Ill will never said well.’ no
CONSTABLE	I will cap that proverb with ‘There is flattery in friendship.’ ORLÉANS And I will take up that with ‘Give the devil his due.’
CONSTABLE	Well placed! There stands your friend for the devil. Have at the very eye of that proverb with ‘A pox of the devil!’ ORLÉANS You are the better at proverbs by how much ‘a fool’s bolt is soon shot’.
CONSTABLE	You have shot over. ORLÉANS ’Tis not the first time you were overshot. Enter a Messenger
MESSENGER	My Lord High Constable, the English lie within fifteen hundred paces of your tents.
CONSTABLE	Who hath measured the ground?
MESSENGER	The Lord Grandpré.
CONSTABLE	A valiant and most expert gentleman.
(didascalia)	Exit Messenger
CONSTABLE	Would it were day! Alas, poor Harry of England. He longs not for the dawning as we do. ORLÉANS What a wretched and peevish fellow is this King of England, to mope with his fat-brained followers so far out of his knowledge.
CONSTABLE	If the English had any apprehension, they would run away. ORLÉANS That they lack—for if their heads had any intellectual armour, they could never wear such heavy headpieces.
RAMBURES	That island of England breeds very valiant creatures. Their mastiffs are of unmatchable courage. ORLÉANS Foolish curs, that run winking into the mouth of a Russian bear, and have their heads crushed like rotten apples. You may as well say, ‘That’s a valiant flea that dare eat his breakfast on the lip of a lion.’
CONSTABLE	Just, just. And the men do sympathize with the mastiffs in robustious and rough coming on, leaving their wits with their wives. And then, give them great meals of beef, and iron and steel, they will eat like wolves and fight like devils. ORLÉANS Ay, but these English are shrewdly out of beef.
CONSTABLE	Then shall we find tomorrow they have only stomachs to eat, and none to fight. Now is it time to arm. Come, shall we about it? ORLÉANS It is now two o’clock. But let me see—by ten We shall have each a hundred Englishmen.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Atto 4, Scena 0

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Now entertain conjecture of a time When creeping murmur and the poring dark Fills the wide vessel of the universe. From camp to camp through the foul womb of night The hum of either army stilly sounds, That the fixed sentinels almost receive The secret whispers of each other’s watch. Fire answers fire, and through their paly flames Each battle sees the other’s umbered face. Steed threatens steed, in high and boastful neighs Piercing the night’s dull ear, and from the tents The armourers, accomplishing the knights, With busy hammers closing rivets up, Give dreadful note of preparation. The country cocks do crow, the clocks do toll And the third hour of drowsy morning name. Proud of their numbers and secure in soul, The confident and overlusty French Do the low-rated English play at dice, And chide the cripple tardy-gaited night, Who like a foul and ugly witch doth limp So tediously away. The poor condemned English, Like sacrifices, by their watchful fires Sit patiently and inly ruminate The morning’s danger; and their gesture sad, Investing lank lean cheeks and war-worn coats, Presented them unto the gazing moon So many horrid ghosts. O now, who will behold The royal captain of this ruined band Walking from watch to watch, from tent to tent, Let him cry, ‘Praise and glory on his head!’ For forth he goes and visits all his host, Bids them good morrow with a modest smile And calls them brothers, friends, and countrymen. Upon his royal face there is no note How dread an army hath enrounded him; Nor doth he dedicate one jot of colour Unto the weary and all-watchèd night, But freshly looks and overbears attaint With cheerful semblance and sweet majesty, That every wretch, pining and pale before, Beholding him, plucks comfort from his looks. A largess universal, like the sun, His liberal eye doth give to everyone, Thawing cold fear, that mean and gentle all Behold, as may unworthiness define, A little touch of Harry in the night. And so our scene must to the battle fly, Where O for pity, we shall much disgrace, With four or five most vile and ragged foils, Right ill-disposed in brawl ridiculous, The name of Agincourt. Yet sit and see, Minding true things by what their mock’ries be. Exit

Atto 4, Scena 1

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry and the Duke of Gloucester, then the Duke of Clarence
KING HARRY	Gloucester, ’tis true that we are in great danger; The greater therefore should our courage be. Good morrow, brother Clarence. God Almighty! There is some soul of goodness in things evil, Would men observingly distil it out— For our bad neighbour makes us early stirrers, Which is both healthful and good husbandry. Besides, they are our outward consciences, And preachers to us all, admonishing That we should dress us fairly for our end. Thus may we gather honey from the weed And make a moral of the devil himself.
(didascalia)	Enter Sir Thomas Erpingham
KING HARRY	Good morrow, old Sir Thomas Erpingham. A good soft pillow for that good white head Were better than a churlish turf of France.
ERPINGHAM	Not so, my liege. This lodging likes me better, Since I may say, ‘Now lie I like a king.’
KING HARRY	’Tis good for men to love their present pains Upon example. So the spirit is eased, And when the mind is quickened, out of doubt The organs, though defunct and dead before, Break up their drowsy grave and newly move With casted slough and fresh legerity. Lend me thy cloak, Sir Thomas. He puts on Erpingham’s cloak Brothers both, Commend me to the princes in our camp. Do my good morrow to them, and anon Desire them all to my pavilion.
GLOUCESTER	We shall, my liege.
ERPINGHAM	Shall I attend your grace?
KING HARRY	No, my good knight. Go with my brothers to my lords of England. I and my bosom must debate awhile, And then I would no other company.
ERPINGHAM	The Lord in heaven bless thee, noble Harry.
KING HARRY	God-a-mercy, old heart, thou speak’st cheerfully.
(didascalia)	Exeunt all but King Harry
(didascalia)	Enter Pistol to him
PISTOL	Qui vous là?
KING HARRY	A friend.
PISTOL	Discuss unto me: art thou officer, Or art thou base, common, and popular?
KING HARRY	I am a gentleman of a company.
PISTOL	Trail’st thou the puissant pike?
KING HARRY	Even so. What are you?
PISTOL	As good a gentleman as the Emperor.
KING HARRY	Then you are a better than the King.
PISTOL	The King’s a bawcock and a heart-of-gold, A lad of life, an imp of fame, Of parents good, of fist most valiant. I kiss his dirty shoe, and from heartstring I love the lovely bully. What is thy name?
KING HARRY	Harry le roi.
PISTOL	Leroi? A Cornish name. Art thou of Cornish crew?
KING HARRY	No, I am a Welshman.
PISTOL	Know’st thou Fluellen?
KING HARRY	Yes.
PISTOL	Tell him I’ll knock his leek about his pate Upon Saint Davy’s day.
KING HARRY	Do not you wear your dagger in your cap that day, lest he knock that about yours.
PISTOL	Art thou his friend?
KING HARRY	And his kinsman too.
PISTOL	The fico for thee then.
KING HARRY	I thank you. God be with you.
PISTOL	My name is Pistol called.
KING HARRY	It sorts well with your fierceness.
(didascalia)	Exit Pistol Enter Captains Fluellen and Gower severally. King Harry stands apart
GOWER	Captain Fluellen!
FLUELLEN	So! In the name of Jesu Christ, speak fewer. It is the greatest admiration in the universal world, when the true and ancient prerogatifs and laws of the wars is not kept. If you would take the pains but to examine the wars of Pompey the Great, you shall find, I warrant you, that there is no tiddle-taddle nor pibble-babble in Pompey’s camp. I warrant you, you shall find the ceremonies of the wars, and the cares of it, and the forms of it, and the sobriety of it, and the modesty of it, to be otherwise.
GOWER	Why, the enemy is loud. You hear him all night.
FLUELLEN	If the enemy is an ass and a fool and a prating coxcomb, is it meet, think you, that we should also, look you, be an ass and a fool and a prating coxcomb? In your own conscience now?
GOWER	I will speak lower.
FLUELLEN	I pray you and beseech you that you will.
(didascalia)	Exeunt Fluellen and Gower
KING HARRY	Though it appear a little out of fashion, There is much care and valour in this Welshman.
(didascalia)	Enter three soldiers: John Bates, Alexander Court, and Michael Williams
COURT	Brother John Bates, is not that the morning which breaks yonder?
BATES	I think it be. But we have no great cause to desire the approach of day.
WILLIAM	We see yonder the beginning of the day, but I think we shall never see the end of it.—Who goes there?
KING HARRY	A friend.
WILLIAM	Under what captain serve you?
KING HARRY	Under Sir Thomas Erpingham.
WILLIAM	A good old commander and a most kind gentleman. I pray you, what thinks he of our estate?
KING HARRY	Even as men wrecked upon a sand, that look to be washed off the next tide.
BATES	He hath not told his thought to the King?
KING HARRY	No, nor it is not meet he should. For though I speak it to you, I think the King is but a man, as I am. The violet smells to him as it doth to me; the element shows to him as it doth to me. All his senses have but human conditions. His ceremonies laid by, in his nakedness he appears but a man, and though his affections are higher mounted than ours, yet when they stoop, they stoop with the like wing. Therefore, when he sees reason of fears, as we do, his fears, out of doubt, be of the same relish as ours are. Yet, in reason, no man should possess him with any appearance of fear, lest he, by showing it, should dishearten his army.
BATES	He may show what outward courage he will, but I believe, as cold a night as ’tis, he could wish himself in Thames up to the neck. And so I would he were, and I by him, at all adventures, so we were quit here.
KING HARRY	By my troth, I will speak my conscience of the King. I think he would not wish himself anywhere but where he is.
BATES	Then I would he were here alone. So should he be sure to be ransomed, and a many poor men’s lives saved.
KING HARRY	I dare say you love him not so ill to wish him here alone, howsoever you speak this to feel other men’s minds. Methinks I could not die anywhere so contented as in the King’s company, his cause being just and his quarrel honourable.
WILLIAMS	That’s more than we know.
BATES	Ay, or more than we should seek after. For we know enough if we know we are the King’s subjects. If his cause be wrong, our obedience to the King wipes the crime of it out of us.
WILLIAMS	But if the cause be not good, the King himself hath a heavy reckoning to make, when all those legs and arms and heads chopped off in a battle shall join together at the latter day, and cry all, ‘We died at such a ptace’—some swearing, some crying for a surgeon, some upon their wives left poor behind them, some upon the debts they owe, some upon their children rawly left. I am afeard there are few die well that die in a battle, for how can they charitably dispose of anything, when blood is their argument? Now, if these men do not die well, it will be a black matter for the King that led them to it—who to disobey were against all proportion of subjection.
KING HARRY	So, if a son that is by his father sent about merchandise do sinfully miscarry upon the sea, the imputation of his wickedness, by your rule, should be imposed upon his father, that sent him. Or if a servant, under his master’s command transporting a sum of money, be assailed by robbers, and die in many irreconciled iniquities, you may call the business of the master the author of the servant’s damnation. But this is not so. The King is not bound to answer the particular endings of his soldiers, the father of his son, nor the master of his servant, for they purpose not their deaths when they propose their services. Besides, there is no king, be his cause never so spotless, if it come to the arbitrament of swords, can try it out with all unspotted soldiers. Some, peradventure, have on them the guilt of premeditated and contrived murder; some, of beguiling virgins with the broken seals of perjury; some, making the wars their bulwark, that have before gored the gentle bosom of peace with pillage and robbery. Now, if these men have defeated the law and outrun native punishment, though they can outstrip men, they have no wings to fly from God. War is his beadle. War is his vengeance. So that here men are punished for before-breach of the King’s laws, in now the King’s quarrel. Where they feared the death, they have borne life away; and where they would be safe, they perish. Then if they die unprovided, no more is the King guilty of their damnation than he was before guilty of those impieties for the which they are now visited. Every subject’s duty is the King’s, but every subject’s soul is his own. Therefore should every soldier in the wars do as every sick man in his bed: wash every mote out of his conscience. And dying so, death is to him advantage; or not dying, the time was blessedly lost wherein such preparation was gained. And in him that escapes, it were not sin to think that, making God so free an offer, he let him outlive that day to see his greatness and to teach others how they should prepare.
(didascalia)	BATES ’Tis certain, every man that dies ill, the ill upon his own head. The King is not to answer it. I do not desire he should answer for me, and yet I determine to fight lustily for him.
KING HARRY	I myself heard the King say he would not be ransomed.
WILLIAMS	Ay, he said so, to make us fight cheerfully, but when our throats are cut he may be ransomed, and we ne’er the wiser.
KING HARRY	If I live to see it, I will never trust his word after.
WILLIAMS	You pay him then! That’s a perilous shot out of an elder-gun, that a poor and a private displeasure can do against a monarch. You may as well go about to turn the sun to ice with fanning in his face with a peacock’s feather. You’ll never trust his word after! Come, ’tis a foolish saying.
KING HARRY	Your reproof is something too round. I should be angry with you, if the time were convenient.
WILLIAMS	Let it be a quarrel between us, if you live.
KING HARRY	I embrace it.
WILLIAM	How shall I know thee again?
KING HARRY	Give me any gage of thine, and I will wear it in my bonnet. Then if ever thou darest acknowledge it, I will make it my quarrel.
WILLIAMS	Here’s my glove. Give me another of thine.
KING HARRY	There. They exchange gloves
WILLIAM	This will I also wear in my cap. If ever thou come to me and say, after tomorrow, ‘This is my glove’, by this hand I will take thee a box on the ear.
KING HARRY	If ever I live to see it, I will challenge it.
WILLIAM	Thou darest as well be hanged.
KING HARRY	Well, I will do it, though I take thee in the King’s company.
WILLIAMS	Keep thy word. Fare thee well.
BATES	Be friends, you English fools, be friends. We have French quarrels enough, if you could tell how to reckon.
KING HARRY	Indeed, the French may lay twenty French crowns to one they will beat us, for they bear them on their shoulders. But it is no English treason to cut French crowns, and tomorrow the King himself will be a clipper. Exeunt soldiers Upon the King. ‘Let us our lives, our souls, our debts, our care-full wives, Our children, and our sins, lay on the King.’ We must bear all. O hard condition, Twin-born with greatness: subject to the breath Of every fool, whose sense no more can feel But his own wringing. What infinite heartsease Must kings neglect that private men enjoy? And what have kings that privates have not too, Save ceremony, save general ceremony? And what art thou, thou idol ceremony? What kind of god art thou, that suffer‘st more Of mortal griefs than do thy worshippers? What are thy rents? What are thy comings-in? O ceremony, show me but thy worth. What is thy soul of adoration? Art thou aught else but place, degree, and form, Creating awe and fear in other men? Wherein thou art less happy, being feared, Than they in fearing. What drink’st thou oft, instead of homage sweet, But poisoned flattery? O be sick, great greatness, And bid thy ceremony give thee cure. Think‘st thou the fiery fever will go out With titles blown from adulation? Will it give place to flexure and low bending? Canst thou, when thou command’st the beggar’s knee, Command the health of it? No, thou proud dream That play‘st so subtly with a king’s repose; I am a king that find thee, and I know ’Tis not the balm, the sceptre, and the ball, The sword, the mace, the crown imperial, The intertissued robe of gold and pearl, The farced title running fore the king, The throne he sits on, nor the tide of pomp That beats upon the high shore of this world—No, not all these, thrice-gorgeous ceremony, Not all these, laid in bed majestical, Can sleep so soundly as the wretched slave Who with a body filled and vacant mind Gets him to rest, crammed with distressful bread; Never sees horrid night, the child of hell, But like a lackey from the rise to set Sweats in the eye of Phoebus, and all night Sleeps in Elysium; next day, after dawn Doth rise and help Hyperion to his horse, And follows so the ever-running year With profitable labour to his grave. And but for ceremony such a wretch, Winding up days with toil and nights with sleep, Had the forehand and vantage of a king. The slave, a member of the country’s peace, Enjoys it, but in gross brain little wots What watch the King keeps to maintain the peace, Whose hours the peasant best advantages. Enter Sir Thomas Erpingham
ERPINGHAM	My lord, your nobles, jealous of your absence, Seek through your camp to find you.
KING HARRY	Good old knight, Collect them all together at my tent. I’ll be before thee.
ERPINGHAM	I shall do’t, my lord. Exit
KING HARRY	O God of battles, steel my soldiers’ hearts. Possess them not with fear. Take from them now The sense of reck‘ning, ere th’opposèd numbers Pluck their hearts from them. Not today, O Lord, O not today, think not upon the fault My father made in compassing the crown. I Richard’s body have interred new, And on it have bestowed more contrite tears Than from it issued forced drops of blood. Five hundred poor have I in yearly pay Who twice a day their withered hands hold up Toward heaven to pardon blood. And I have built Two chantries, where the sad and solemn priests Sing still for Richard’s soul. More will I do, Though all that I can do is nothing worth, Since that my penitence comes after ill, Imploring pardon.
(didascalia)	Enter the Duke of Gloucester
GLOUCESTER	My liege.
KING HARRY	My brother Gloucester’s voice? Ay. I know thy errand, I will go with thee. The day, my friends, and all things stay for me.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Atto 4, Scena 2

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Dukes of Bourbonand Orléans, and Lord
(didascalia)	Rambures ORLÉANS The sun doth gild our armour. Up, my lords!
(didascalia)	BOURBONMonte cheval! My horse! Varlet, lacquais! Ha!
(didascalia)	ORLÉANS O brave spirit!
(didascalia)	BOURBON Via les eaux et terre!
(didascalia)	ORLÉANS Rien plus? L’air et feu!
(didascalia)	BOURBON Cieux, cousin Orléans!
(didascalia)	Enter the Constable
(didascalia)	Now, my Lord Constable!
CONSTABLE	Hark how our steeds for present service neigh.
(didascalia)	BOURBON
CONSTABLE	Mount them and make incision in their hides, That their hot blood may spin in English eyes And dout them with superfluous courage. Ha!
RAMBURES	What, will you have them weep our horses’ blood? How shall we then behold their natural tears?
(didascalia)	Enter a Messenger
MESSENGER	The English are embattled, you French peers.
CONSTABLE	To horse, you gallant princes, straight to horse! Do but behold yon poor and starved band, And your fair show shall suck away their souls, Leaving them but the shells and husks of men. There is not work enough for all our hands, Scarce blood enough in all their sickly veins To give each naked curtal-axe a stain That our French gallants shall today draw out And sheathe for lack of sport. Let us but blow on them, The vapour of our valour will o‘erturn them. ’Tis positive ’gainst all exceptions, lords, That our superfluous lackeys and our peasants, Who in unnecessary action swarm About our squares of battle, were enough To purge this field of such a hilding foe, Though we upon this mountain’s basis by Took stand for idle speculation, But that our honours must not. What’s to say? A very little little let us do And all is done. Then let the trumpets sound The tucket sonance and the note to mount, For our approach shall so much dare the field That England shall couch down in fear and yield.
(didascalia)	Enter Lord Grandpré
CONSTABLE	GRANDPRÉ Why do you stay so long, my lords of France? Yon island carrions, desperate of their bones, Ill-favouredly become the morning field. Their ragged curtains poorly are let loose And our air shakes them passing scornfully. Big Mars seems bankrupt in their beggared host And faintly through a rusty beaver peeps. The horsemen sit like fixed candlesticks With torchstaves in their hands, and their poor jades Lob down their heads, drooping the hides and hips, The gum down-roping from their pale dead eyes, And in their palled dull mouths the gimmaled bit Lies foul with chewed grass, still and motionless. And their executors, the knavish crows, Fly o’er them all impatient for their hour. Description cannot suit itself in words To demonstrate the life of such a battle In life so lifeless as it shows itself.
CONSTABLE	They have said their prayers, and they stay for death.
(didascalia)	BOURBON
CONSTABLE	Shall we go send them dinners and fresh suits And give their fasting horses provender, And after fight with them?
CONSTABLE	I stay but for my guidon. To the field! I will the banner from a trumpet take And use it for my haste. Come, come away! The sun is high, and we outwear the day. Exeunt

Atto 4, Scena 3

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Dukes of Gloucester, Clarence, and Exeter, the Earls of Salisbury and Warwick, and Sir Thomas Erpingham, with all the host
GLOUCESTER	Where is the King?
(didascalia)	CLARENCE
GLOUCESTER	The King himself is rode to view their battle. [WARWICK] Of fighting men they have full threescore thousand.
EXETER	There’s five to one. Besides, they all are fresh.
SALISBURY	God’s arm strike with us! ‘Tis a fearful odds. God b’wi’ you, princes all. I’ll to my charge. If we no more meet till we meet in heaven, Then joyfully, my noble Lord of Clarence, My dear Lord Gloucester, and my good Lord Exeter, And (to Warwick) my kind kinsman, warriors all, adieu.
(didascalia)	CLARENCE
SALISBURY	Farewell, good Salisbury, and good luck go with thee.
EXETER	Farewell, kind lord. Fight valiantly today— And yet I do thee wrong to mind thee of it, For thou art framed of the firm truth of valour.
(didascalia)	Exit Salisbury
(didascalia)	CLARENCE
EXETER	He is as full of valour as of kindness, Princely in both.
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry, behind
(didascalia)	WARWICK
EXETER	O that we now had here But one ten thousand of those men in England That do no work today.
KING HARRY	What’s he that wishes so? My cousin Warwick? No, my fair cousin. If we are marked to die, we are enough To do our country loss; and if to live, The fewer men, the greater share of honour. God’s will, I pray thee wish not one man more. By Jove, I am not covetous for gold, Nor care I who doth feed upon my cost; It ernes me not if men my garments wear; Such outward things dwell not in my desires. But if it be a sin to covet honour I am the most offending soul alive. No, faith, my coz, wish not a man from England. God’s peace, I would not lose so great an honour As one man more methinks would share from me For the best hope I have. O do not wish one more. Rather proclaim it presently through my host That he which hath no stomach to this fight, Let him depart. His passport shall be made And crowns for convoy put into his purse. We would not die in that man’s company That fears his fellowship to die with us. This day is called the Feast of Crispian. He that outlives this day and comes safe home Will stand a-tiptoe when this day is named And rouse him at the name of Crispian. He that shall see this day and live t‘old age Will yearly on the vigil feast his neighbours And say, ’Tomorrow is Saint Crispian.’ Then will he strip his sleeve and show his scars And say, ’These wounds I had on Crispin’s day.’ Old men forget; yet all shall be forgot, But he’ll remember, with advantages, What feats he did that day. Then shall our names, Familiar in his mouth as household words— Harry the King, Bedford and Exeter, Warwick and Talbot, Salisbury and Gloucester— Be in their flowing cups freshly remembered. This story shall the good man teach his son, And Crispin Crispian shall ne’er go by From this day to the ending of the world But we in it shall be remembered, We few, we happy few, we band of brothers. For he today that sheds his blood with me Shall be my brother; be he ne’er so vile, This day shall gentle his condition. And gentlemen in England now abed Shall think themselves accursed they were not here, And hold their manhoods cheap whiles any speaks That fought with us upon Saint Crispin’s day.
(didascalia)	Enter the Earl of Salisbury
SALISBURY	My sovereign lord, bestow yourself with speed. The French are bravely in their battles set And will with all expedience charge on us.
KING HARRY	All things are ready if our minds be so.
(didascalia)	WARWICK Perish the man whose mind is backward now.
KING HARRY	Thou dost not wish more help from England, coz?
(didascalia)	WARWICK
KING HARRY	God’s will, my liege, would you and I alone, Without more help, could fight this royal battle.
KING HARRY	Why now thou hast unwished five thousand men, Which likes me better than to wish us one.— You know your places. God be with you all.
(didascalia)	Tucket. Enter Montjoy
MONTJOY	Once more I come to know of thee, King Harry, If for thy ransom thou wilt now compound Before thy most assured overthrow. For certainly thou art so near the gulf Thou needs must be englutted. Besides, in mercy The Constable desires thee thou wilt mind Thy followers of repentance, that their souls May make a peaceful and a sweet retire From off these fields where, wretches, their poor bodies Must lie and fester.
KING HARRY	Who hath sent thee now?
MONTJOY	The Constable of France.
KING HARRY	I pray thee bear my former answer back. Bid them achieve me, and then sell my bones. Good God, why should they mock poor fellows thus? The man that once did sell the lion’s skin While the beast lived, was killed with hunting him. 95 A many of our bodies shall no doubt Find native graves, upon the which, I trust, Shall witness live in brass of this day’s work. And those that leave their valiant bones in France, Dying like men, though buried in your dunghills They shall be famed. For there the sun shall greet them And draw their honours reeking up to heaven, Leaving their earthly parts to choke your clime, The smell whereof shall breed a plague in France. Mark then abounding valour in our English, That, being dead, like to the bullets grazing Break out into a second course of mischief, Killing in relapse of mortality. Let me speak proudly. Tell the Constable We are but warriors for the working day. Our gayness and our gilt are all besmirched With rainy marching in the painful field. There’s not a piece of feather in our host— Good argument, I hope, we will not fly— And time hath worn us into slovenry. But by the mass, our hearts are in the trim. And my poor soldiers tell me, yet ere night They’ll be in fresher robes, as they will pluck The gay new coats o‘er your French soldiers’ heads, And turn them out of service. If they do this— As if God please, they shall—my ransom then Will soon be levied. Herald, save thou thy labour. Come thou no more for ransom, gentle herald. They shall have none, I swear, but these my joints— Which if they have as I will leave ’em them, Shall yield them little. Tell the Constable.
MONTJOY	I shall, King Harry. And so fare thee well. Thou never shalt hear herald any more.
KING HARRY	I fear thou wilt once more come for a ransom.
(didascalia)	Exit Montjoy
(didascalia)	Enter the Duke of York
YORK	My lord, most humbly on my knee I beg The leading of the vanguard.
KING HARRY	Take it, brave York.—Now soldiers, march away, And how thou pleasest, God, dispose the day. Exeunt

Atto 4, Scena 4

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Alarum. Excursions. Enter Pistol, a French soldier, and the Boy
PISTOL	Yield, cur.
FRENCH SOLDIER	je pense que vous êtes le gentilhomme de bon qualité.
PISTOL	Qualité? ‘Calin o custure me!’ Art thou a gentleman? What is thy name? Discuss.
FRENCH SOLDIER	O Seigneur Dieu!
(didascalia)	PISTOL aside
FRENCH SOLDIER	O Seigneur Dew should be a gentleman.— Perpend my words, O Seigneur Dew, and mark: O Seigneur Dew, thou diest, on point of fox, Except, O Seigneur, thou do give to me Egregious ransom.
FRENCH SOLDIER	O prenez miséricorde! Ayez pitie de moi!
PISTOL	‘Moy’ shall not serve, I will have forty ‘moys’, Or I will fetch thy rim out at thy throat In drops of crimson blood.
FRENCH SOLDIER	Est-il impossible d’échapper la force de ton bras?
PISTOL	Brass, cur? Thou damned and luxurious mountain goat, Offer’st me brass?
FRENCH SOLDIER	O pardonne-moi!
PISTOL	Sayst thou me so? Is that a ton of moys?— Come hither boy. Ask me this slave in French What is his name.
BOY	Écoutez: comment êtes-vous appelé?
FRENCH SOLDIER	Monsieur le Fer.
BOY	He says his name is Master Fer.
PISTOL	Master Fer? I’ll fer him, and firk him, and ferret him. Discuss the same in French unto him.
BOY	I do not know the French for fer and ferret and firk.
PISTOL	Bid him prepare, for I will cut his throat.
FRENCH SOLDIER	Que dit-il, monsieur?
BOY	Il me commande à vous dire que vous faites vous prêt, car ce soldat ici est dispose tout à cette heure de couper votre gorge. 35
PISTOL	Oui, couper la gorge, par ma foi, Peasant, unless thou give me crowns, brave crowns; Or mangled shalt thou be by this my sword.
FRENCH SOLDIER	O je vous supplie, pour l’amour de Dieu, me pardonner. Je suis le gentilhomme de bonne maison. Gardez ma vie, et je vous donnerai deux cents écus.
PISTOL	What are his words?
BOY	He prays you to save his life. He is a gentleman of a good house, and for his ransom he will give you two hundred crowns.
PISTOL	Tell him, my fury shall abate, and I the crowns will take.
FRENCH SOLDIER	Petit monsieur, que dit-il?
BOY	Encore qu’il est centre son jurement de pardonner aucun prisonnier; neanmoins, pour les ecus que vous lui ci promettez, il est content à vous donner la liberté, le franchisement.
FRENCH SOLDIER	(kneeling to Pistol) Sur mes genoux je vous donne mille remerciements, et je m‘estime heureux que j’ai tombe entre les mains d‘un chevalier, comme je pense, le plus brave, vaillant, et treis-distingué seigneur d’Angleterre. PISTOL Expound unto me, boy.
BOY	He gives you upon his knees a thousand thanks, and he esteems himself happy that he hath fallen into the hands of one, as he thinks, the most brave, valorous, and thrice-worthy seigneur of England.
PISTOL	As I suck blood, I will some mercy show. Follow me.
BOY	Suivez-vous le grand capitaine.
(didascalia)	Exeunt Pistol and French Soldier
BOY	I did never know so full a voice issue from so empty a heart. But the saying is true: ‘The empty vessel makes the greatest sound.’ Bardolph and Nim had ten times more valour than this roaring devil i’th’ old play, that everyone may pare his nails with a wooden dagger, and they are both hanged, and so would this be, if he durst steal anything adventurously. I must stay with the lackeys with the luggage of our camp. The French might have a good prey of us, if he knew of it, for there is none to guard it but boys. Exit

Atto 4, Scena 5

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Constable, the Dukes of
(didascalia)	Orléans and Bourbon, and Lord Rambures
CONSTABLE	O diable! ORLÉANS O Seigneur! Le jour est perdu, tout est perdu!
(didascalia)	BOURBON
CONSTABLE	Mort de ma vie! All is confounded, all. Reproach and everlasting shame Sits mocking in our plumes. A short alarum O mechante fortune!– (To Rambures) Do not run away.
(didascalia)	ORLÉANS
CONSTABLE	We are enough yet living in the field To smother up the English in our throngs, If any order might be thought upon.
BOURBON	The devil take order. Once more back again! And he that will not follow Bourbon now, Let him go home, and with his cap in hand Like a base leno hold the chamber door Whilst by a slave no gentler than my dog His fairest daughter is contaminated.
CONSTABLE	Disorder that hath spoiled us friend us now. Let us on heaps go offer up our lives.
BOURBON	I’ll to the throng. Let life be short, else shame will be too long. Exeunt

Atto 4, Scena 6

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Alarum. Enter King Harry and his train, with prisoners
KING HARRY	Well have we done, thrice-valiant countrymen. But all’s not done; yet keep the French the field. [Enter the Duke of Exeter]
EXETER	The Duke of York commends him to your majesty.
KING HARRY	Lives he, good uncle? Thrice within this hour I saw him down, thrice up again and fighting. From helmet to the spur, all blood he was.
EXETER	In which array, brave soldier, doth he lie, Larding the plain. And by his bloody side, Yokefellow to his honour-owing wounds, The noble Earl of Suffolk also lies. Suffolk first died, and York, all haggled over, Comes to him, where in gore he lay insteeped, And takes him by the beard, kisses the gashes That bloodily did yawn upon his face, And cries aloud, ‘Tarry, dear cousin Suffolk. My soul shall thine keep company to heaven. Tarry, sweet soul, for mine, then fly abreast, As in this glorious and well-foughten field We kept together in our chivalry.’ Upon these words I came and cheered him up. He smiled me in the face, raught me his hand, And with a feeble grip says, ‘Dear my lord, Commend my service to my sovereign.’ So did he turn, and over Suffolk’s neck He threw his wounded arm, and kissed his lips, And so espoused to death, with blood he sealed A testament of noble-ending love. The pretty and sweet manner of it forced Those waters from me which I would have stopped. But I had not so much of man in me, And all my mother came into mine eyes And gave me up to tears.
KING HARRY	I blame you not, For hearing this I must perforce compound With mistful eyes, or they will issue too.
(didascalia)	Alarum
KING HARRY	But hark, what new alarum is this same? The French have reinforced their scattered men. Then every soldier kill his prisoners. [The soldiers kill their prisoners] Give the word through.
(didascalia)	PISTOL Coup’ la gorge.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Atto 4, Scena 7

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captains Fluellen and Gower
FLUELLEN	Kill the poys and the luggage! ‘Tis expressly against the law of arms. ’Tis as arrant a piece of knavery, mark you now, as can be offert. In your conscience now, is it not?
GOWER	‘Tis certain there’s not a boy left alive. And the cowardly rascals that ran from the battle ha’ done this slaughter. Besides, they have burned and carried away all that was in the King’s tent; wherefore the King most worthily hath caused every soldier to cut his prisoner’s throat. O ’tis a gallant king.
FLUELLEN	Ay, he was porn at Monmouth. Captain Gower, what call you the town’s name where Alexander the Pig was born?
GLOWER	Alexander the Great.
FLUELLEN	Why I pray you, is not ‘pig’ great? The pig or the great or the mighty or the huge or the magnanimous are all one reckonings, save the phrase is a little variations.
GOWER	I think Alexander the Great was born in Macedon. His father was called Philip of Macedon, as I take it.
FLUELLEN	I think it is e‘en Macedon where Alexander is porn. I tell you, captain, if you look in the maps of the world I warrant you sail find, in the comparisons between Macedon and Monmouth, that the situations, look you, is both alike. There is a river in Macedon, and there is also moreover a river at Monmouth. It is called Wye at Monmouth, but it is out of my prains what is the name of the other river—but ’tis all one, ’tis alike as my fingers is to my fingers, and there is salmons in both. If you mark Alexander’s life well, Harry of Monmouth’s life is come after it indifferent well. For there is figures in all things. Alexander, God knows, and you know, in his rages and his furies and his wraths and his cholers and his moods and his displeasures and his indignations, and also being a little intoxicates in his prains, did in his ales and his angers, look you, kill his best friend Cleitus—
GOWER	Our King is not like him in that. He never killed any of his friends.
FLUELLEN	It is not well done, mark you now, to take the tales out of my mouth ere it is made an end and finished. I speak but in the figures and comparisons of it. As Alexander killed his friend Cleitus, being in his ales and his cups, so also Harry Monmouth, being in his right wits and his good judgements, turned away the fat knight with the great-belly doublet—he was full of jests and gipes and knaveries and mocks—I have forgot his name.
GOWER	Sir John Falstaff.
FLUELLEN	That is he. I’ll tell you, there is good men porn at Monmouth.
GOWER	Here comes his majesty.
(didascalia)	Alarum. Enter King Harry and the English army, with the Duke of Bourbon, the Duke of Orléans, and other prisoners. Flourish
KING HARRY	I was not angry since I came to France Until this instant. Take a trumpet, herald; Ride thou unto the horsemen on yon hill. If they will fight with us, bid them come down, Or void the field: they do offend our sight. If they’ll do neither, we will come to them, And make them skirr away as swift as stones Enforced from the old Assyrian slings. Besides, we’ll cut the throats of those we have, And not a man of them that we shall take Shall taste our mercy. Go and tell them so.
(didascalia)	Enter Montjoy
EXETER	Here comes the herald of the French, my liege.
GLOUCESTER	His eyes are humbler than they used to be.
KING HARRY	How now, what means this, herald? Know‘st thou not That I have fined these bones of mine for ransom? Com’st thou again for ransom?
MONTJOY	No, great King. I come to thee for charitable licence, That we may wander o’er this bloody field To book our dead and then to bury them, To sort our nobles from our common men— For many of our princes, woe the while, Lie drowned and soaked in mercenary blood. So do our vulgar drench their peasant limbs In blood of princes, and our wounded steeds Fret fetlock-deep in gore, and with wild rage Jerk out their armed heels at their dead masters, Killing them twice. O give us leave, great King, To view the field in safety, and dispose Of their dead bodies.
KING HARRY	I tell thee truly, herald, I know not if the day be ours or no, For yet a many of your horsemen peer And gallop o’er the field.
MONTJOY	The day is yours.
KING HARRY	Praised be God, and not our strength, for it. What is this castle called that stands hard by?
MONTJOY	They call it Agincourt.
KING HARRY	Then call we this the field of Agincourt, Fought on the day of Crispin Crispian.
FLUELLEN	Your grandfather of famous memory, an’t please your majesty, and your great-uncle Edward the Plack Prince of Wales, as I have read in the chronicles, fought a most prave pattle here in France.
KING HARRY	They did, Fluellen.
FLUELLEN	Your majesty says very true. If your majesties is remembered of it, the Welshmen did good service in a garden where leeks did grow, wearing leeks in their Monmouth caps, which your majesty know to this hour is an honourable badge of the service. And I do believe your majesty takes no scorn to wear the leek upon Saint Tavy’s day.
KING HARRY	I wear it for a memorable honour, For I am Welsh, you know, good countryman.
FLUELLEN	All the water in Wye cannot wash your majesty’s Welsh plood out of your pody, I can tell you that. God pless it and preserve it, as long as it pleases his grace, and his majesty too.
KING HARRY	Thanks, good my countryman.
FLUELLEN	By Jeshu, I am your majesty’s countryman. I care not who know it, I will confess it to all the world. I need not to be ashamed of your majesty, praised be God, so long as your majesty is an honest man.
KING HARRY	God keep me so.
(didascalia)	Enter Williams with a glove in his cap
KING HARRY	Our heralds go with him. Bring me just notice of the numbers dead On both our parts.
(didascalia)	Exeunt Montjoy, Gower,and an English herald
KING HARRY	Call yonder fellow hither.
EXETER	(to Williams) Soldier, you must come to the King.
KING HARRY	Soldier, why wearest thou that glove in thy cap?
WILLIAM	An’t please your majesty, ’tis the gage of one that I should fight withal, if he be alive.
KING HARRY	An Englishman?
WILLIAMS	An’t please your majesty, a rascal, that swaggered with me last night—who, if a live, and ever dare to challenge this glove, I have sworn to take him a box o’th’ ear; or if I can see my glove in his cap—which he swore, as he was a soldier, he would wear if a lived—I will strike it out soundly.
KING HARRY	What think you, Captain Fluellen? Is it fit this soldier keep his oath?
FLUELLEN	He is a craven and a villain else, an’t please your majesty, in my conscience.
KING HARRY	It may be his enemy is a gentleman of great sort, quite from the answer of his degree.
FLUELLEN	Though he be as good a gentleman as the devil is, as Lucifer and Beelzebub himself, it is necessary, look your grace, that he keep his vow and his oath. If he be perjured, see you now, his reputation is as arrant a villain and a Jack-sauce as ever his black shoe trod upon God’s ground and his earth, in my conscience, law.
KING HARRY	Then keep thy vow, sirrah, when thou meetest the fellow.
WILLIAMS	So I will, my liege, as I live.
KING HARRY	Who serv’st thou under?
WILLIAM	Under Captain Gower, my liege.
FLUELLEN	Gower is a good captain, and is good knowledge and literatured in the wars.
KING HARRY	Call him hither to me, soldier.
WILLIAM	I will, my liege. Exit
KING HARRY	(giving him Williams’s other glove) Here, Fluellen, wear thou this favour for me and stick it in thy cap. When Alençon and myself were down together, I plucked this glove from his helm. If any man challenge this, he is a friend to Alençon and an enemy to our person. If thou encounter any such, apprehend him, an thou dost me love.
FLUELLEN	Your grace does me as great honours as can be desired in the hearts of his subjects. I would fain see the man that has but two legs that shall find himself aggriefed at this glove, that is all; but I would fain see it once. An’t please God of his grace, that I would see.
KING HARRY	Know’st thou Gower?
FLUELLEN	He is my dear friend, an’t please you.
KING HARRY	Pray thee, go seek him and bring him to my tent. 165
FLUELLEN	I will fetch him. Exit
KING HARRY	My lord of Warwick and my brother Gloucester, Follow Fluellen closely at the heels. The glove which I have given him for a favour May haply purchase him a box o’th’ ear. It is the soldier’s. I by bargain should Wear it myself. Follow, good cousin Warwick. If that the soldier strike him, as I judge By his blunt bearing he will keep his word, Some sudden mischief may arise of it, For I do know Fluellen valiant And touched with choler, hot as gunpowder, And quickly will return an injury. Follow, and see there be no harm between them. Go you with me, uncle of Exeter.
(didascalia)	Exeunt severally

Atto 4, Scena 8

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captain Gower and Williams
WILLIAMS	I warrant it is to knight you, captain. Enter Captain Fluellen
FLUELLEN	God’s will and his pleasure, captain, I beseech you now, come apace to the King. There is more good toward you, peradventure, than is in your knowledge to dream of.
WILLIAM	Sir, know you this glove?
FLUELLEN	Know the glove? I know the glove is a glove.
WILLIAM	Fplucking the glove from Fluellen’s cap] I know this, and thus I challenge it. He strikes Fluellen
FLUELLEN	God’s plood, and his! An arrant traitor as any’s in the universal world, or in France, or in England.
GOWER	(to Williams) How now, sir? You villain!
WILLIAM	Do you think I’ll be forsworn?
FLUELLEN	Stand away, Captain Gower. I will give treason his payment into plows, I warrant you. Williams I am no traitor.
FLUELLEN	That’s a lie in thy throat. I charge you in his majesty’s name, apprehend him. He’s a friend of the Duke Alençon’s.
(didascalia)	Enter the Earl of Warwick and the Duke of Gloucester
WARWICK	How now, how now, what’s the matter?
FLUELLEN	My lord of Warwick, here is—praised be God for it—a most contagious treason come to light, look you, as you shall desire in a summer’s day.
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry and the Duke of Exeter Here is his majesty.
KING HARRY	How now, what is the matter?
FLUELLEN	My liege, here is a villain and a traitor that, look your grace, has struck the glove which your majesty is take out of the helmet of Alençon.
WILLIAMS	My liege, this was my gtove—here is the fellow of it—and he that I gave it to in change promised to wear it in his cap. I promised to strike him, if he did. I met this man with my glove in his cap, and I have been as good as my word.
FLUELLEN	Your majesty hear now, saving your majesty’s manhood, what an arrant rascally beggarly lousy knave it is. I hope your majesty is pear me testimony and witness, and will avouchment that this is the glove of Alençon that your majesty is give me, in your conscience now.
KING HARRY	Give me thy glove, soldier. Look, here is the fellow of it. ‘Twas I indeed thou promisèd’st to strike, And thou hast given me most bitter terms.
FLUELLEN	An’t please your majesty, let his neck answer for it, if there is any martial law in the world.
KING HARRY	How canst thou make me satisfaction?
WILLIAMS	All offences, my lord, come from the heart. Never came any from mine that might offend your majesty.
KING HARRY	It was ourself thou didst abuse.
WILLIAMS	Your majesty came not like yourself. You appeared to me but as a common man. Witness the night, your garments, your lowliness. And what your highness suffered under that shape, I beseech you take it for your own fault, and not mine, for had you been as I took you for, I made no offence. Therefore I beseech your highness pardon me.
KING HARRY	Here, Uncle Exeter, fill this glove with crowns And give it to this fellow.—Keep it, fellow, And wear it for an honour in thy cap Till I do challenge it.—Give him the crowns. —And captain, you must needs be friends with him.
FLUELLEN	By this day and this light, the fellow has mettle enough in his betty.—Ho[d, there is twelve pence for you, and I pray you to serve God, and keep you out of prawls and prabbles and quarrels and dissensions, and I warrant you it is the better for you.
WILLIAMS	I will none of your money.
FLUELLEN	It is with a good will. I can tell you, it will serve you to mend your shoes. Come, wherefore should you be so pashful? Your shoes is not so good. ’Tis a good shilling, I warrant you, or I will change it.
(didascalia)	Enter an English Herald
KING HARRY	Now, herald, are the dead numbered?
HERALD	Here is the number of the slaughtered French.
KING HARRY	What prisoners of good sort are taken, uncle?
EXETER	Charles, Duke of Orléans, nephew to the King; Jean, Duke of Bourbon, and Lord Boucicault; Of other lords and barons, knights and squires, Full fifteen hundred, besides common men.
KING HARRY	This note doth tell me of ten thousand French That in the field lie slain. Of princes in this number And nobles bearing banners, there lie dead One hundred twenty-six; added to these, Of knights, esquires, and gallant gentlemen, Eight thousand and four hundred, of the which Five hundred were but yesterday dubbed knights. So that in these ten thousand they have lost There are but sixteen hundred mercenaries; The rest are princes, barons, lords, knights, squires, And gentlemen of blood and quality. The names of those their nobles that lie dead: Charles Delabret, High Constable of France; Jaques of Châtillon, Admiral of France; The Master of the Crossbows, Lord Rambures; Great-Master of France, the brave Sir Guiscard Dauphin; Jean, Duke of Alençon; Antony, Duke of Brabant, The brother to the Duke of Burgundy; And Édouard, Duke of Bar; of lusty earls, Grandpré and Roussi, Fauconbridge and Foix, Beaumont and Marle, Vaudemont and Lestrelles. Here was a royal fellowship of death. Where is the number of our English dead? He is given another paper Edward the Duke of York, the Earl of Suffolk, Sir Richard Keighley, Davy Gam Esquire; None else of name, and of all other men But five-and-twenty. O God, thy arm was here, And not to us, but to thy arm alone Ascribe we all. When, without stratagem, But in plain shock and even play of battle, Was ever known so great and little loss On one part and on th’other? Take it God, For it is none but thine.
EXETER	’Tis wonderful.
KING HARRY	Come, go we in procession to the village, And be it death proclaimed through our host To boast of this, or take that praise from God Which is his only.
FLUELLEN	Is it not lawful, an’t please your majesty, to tell how many is killed?
KING HARRY	Yes, captain, but with this acknowledgement, That God fought for us.
FLUELLEN	Yes, in my conscience, he did us great good.
KING HARRY	Do we all holy rites: Let there be sung Non nobis and Te Deum, The dead with charity enclosed in clay; And then to Calais, and to England then, Where ne’er from France arrived more-happy men.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Atto 5, Scena 0

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Vouchsafe to those that have not read the story That I may prompt them—and of such as have, I humbly pray them to admit th‘excuse Of time, of numbers, and due course of things, Which cannot in their huge and proper life Be here presented. Now we bear the King Toward Calais. Grant him there; there seen, Heave him away upon your winged thoughts Athwart the sea. Behold, the English beach Pales-in the flood, with men, maids, wives, and boys, Whose shouts and claps out-voice the deep-mouthed sea, Which like a mighty whiffler fore the King Seems to prepare his way. So let him land, And solemnly see him set on to London. So swift a pace hath thought, that even now You may imagine him upon Blackheath, Where that his lords desire him to have borne His bruised helmet and his bended sword Before him through the city; he forbids it, Being free from vainness and self-glorious pride, Giving full trophy, signal, and ostent Quite from himself, to God. But now behold, In the quick forge and working-house of thought, How London doth pour out her citizens. The Mayor and all his brethren, in best sort, Like to the senators of th’antique Rome With the plebeians swarming at their heels, Go forth and fetch their conqu’ring Caesar in— As, by a lower but high-loving likelihood, Were now the General of our gracious Empress— As in good time he may—from Ireland coming, Bringing rebellion broached on his sword, How many would the peaceful city quit To welcome him! Much more, and much more cause, Did they this Harry. Now in London place him; As yet the lamentation of the French Invites the King of England’s stay at home. The Emperor’s coming in behalf of France,
(didascalia)	To order peace between them
(didascalia)	and omit
CHORUS	All the occurrences, whatever chanced, Till Harry’s back-return again to France. There must we bring him, and myself have played The interim by rememb‘ring you ’tis past. Then brook abridgement, and your eyes advance, After your thoughts, straight back again to France.
(didascalia)	Exit

Atto 5, Scena 1

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captain Gower and Captain Fluellen, with a leek in his cap and a cudgel
GOWER	Nay, that’s right. But why wear you your leek today? Saint Davy’s day is past.
FLUELLEN	There is occasions and causes why and wherefore in all things. I will tell you, ass my friend, Captain Gower. The rascally scald beggarly lousy pragging knave Pistot—which you and yourself and all the world know to be no petter than a fellow, look you now, of no merits—he is come to me, and prings me pread and salt yesterday, look you, and bid me eat my leek. It was in a place where I could not breed no contention with him, but I will be so bold as to wear it in my cap till I see him once again, and then I will tell him a little piece of my desires.
(didascalia)	Enter Ensign Pistol
GOWER	Why, here a comes, swelling like a turkey-cock.
FLUELLEN	‘Tis no matter for his swellings nor his turkey-cocks. —God pless you Ensign Pistol, you scurvy lousy knave, God pless you.
PISTOL	Ha, art thou bedlam? Dost thou thirst, base Trojan, To have me fold up Parca’s fatal web? Hence! I am qualmish at the smell of leek.
FLUELLEN	I peseech you heartily, scurvy lousy knave, at my desires and my requests and my petitions, to eat, look you, this leek. Because, look you, you do not love it, nor your affections and your appetites and your digestions does not agree with it, I would desire you to eat it. 26
PISTOL	Not for Cadwallader and all his goats.
FLUELLEN	There is one goat for you. (He strikes Pistol) Will you be so good, scald knave, as eat it?
PISTOL	Base Trojan, thou shalt die.
FLUELLEN	You say very true, scald knave, when God’s will is. I will desire you to live in the mean time, and eat your victuals. Come, there is sauce for it. (He strikes him) You called me yesterday ‘mountain-squire’, but I will make you today a ‘squire of low degree’. I pray you, fall to. If you can mock a leek you can eat a leek.
(didascalia)	He strikes him
GOWER	Enough, captain, you have astonished him.
FLUELLEN	By Jesu, I will make him eat some part of my leek, or I will peat his pate four days and four nights.—Bite, I pray you. It is good for your green wound and your ploody coxcomb.
PISTOL	Must I bite?
FLUELLEN	Yes, certainly, and out of doubt and out of question too, and ambiguities.
PISTOL	By this leek, I will most horribly revenge—
(didascalia)	Fluellen threatens him I eat and eat—I swear—
FLUELLEN	Eat, I pray you. Will you have some more sauce to your leek? There is not enough leek to swear by.
PISTOL	Quiet thy cudgel, thou dost see I eat.
FLUELLEN	Much good do you, scald knave, heartily. Nay, pray you throw none away. The skin is good for your broken coxcomb. When you take occasions to see leeks hereafter, I pray you mock at ’em, that is all.
PISTOL	Good.
FLUELLEN	Ay, leeks is good. Hold you, there is a groat to heal your pate.
PISTOL	Me, a groat?
FLUELLEN	Yes, verity, and in truth you shall take it, or I have another leek in my pocket which you shall eat.
PISTOL	I take thy groat in earnest of revenge.
FLUELLEN	If I owe you anything, I will pay you in cudgels. You shall be a woodmonger, and buy nothing of me but cudgels. God b’wi’ you, and keep you, and heal your pate. Exit
PISTOL	All hell shall stir for this.
GOWER	Go, go, you are a counterfeit cowardly knave. Will you mock at an ancient tradition, begun upon an honourable respect and worn as a memorable trophy of predeceased valour, and dare not avouch in your deeds any of your words? I have seen you gleeking and galling at this gentleman twice or thrice. You thought, because he could not speak English in the native garb, he could not therefore handle an English cudgel. You find it otherwise. And henceforth let a Welsh correction teach you a good English condition. Fare ye well.
(didascalia)	Exit
PISTOL	Doth Fortune play the hussy with me now? News have I that my Nell is dead I’th’ spital of a malady of France, And there my rendezvous is quite cut off. Old I do wax, and from my weary limbs Honour is cudgelled. Well, bawd I’ll turn, And something lean to cutpurse of quick hand. To England will I steal, and there I’ll steal, And patches will I get unto these cudgelled scars, And swear I got them in the Gallia wars.
(didascalia)	Exit

Atto 5, Scena 2

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter at one door King Harry, the Dukes of Exeter and Clarence, the Earl of Warwick, and other lords; at another, King Charles the Sixth of France, Queen Isabel, the Duke of Burgundy, and other French, among them Princess Catherine and Alice
KING HARRY	Peace to this meeting, wherefor we are met. Unto our brother France and to our sister, Health and fair time of day. joy and good wishes To our most fair and princely cousin Catherine; And as a branch and member of this royalty, By whom this great assembly is contrived, We do salute you, Duke of Burgundy. And princes French, and peers, health to you all.
KING CHARLES	Right joyous are we to behold your face. Most worthy brother England, fairly met. So are you, princes English, every one.
QUEEN ISABEL	So happy be the issue, brother England, Of this good day and of this gracious meeting, As we are now glad to behold your eyes— Your eyes which hitherto have borne in them, Against the French that met them in their bent, The fatal balls of murdering basilisks. The venom of such looks we fairly hope Have lost their quality, and that this day Shall change all griefs and quarrels into love.
KING HARRY	To cry amen to that, thus we appear.
QUEEN ISABEL	You English princes all, I do salute you.
BURGUNDY	My duty to you both, on equal love, Great Kings of France and England. That I have laboured With all my wits, my pains, and strong endeavours, To bring your most imperial majesties Unto this bar and royal interview, Your mightiness on both parts best can witness. Since, then, my office hath so far prevailed That face to face and royal eye to eye You have congreeted, let it not disgrace me If I demand, before this royal view, What rub or what impediment there is Why that the naked, poor, and mangled peace, Dear nurse of arts, plenties, and joyful births, Should not in this best garden of the world, Our fertile France, put up her lovely visage? Alas, she hath from France too long been chased, And all her husbandry doth lie on heaps, Corrupting in it own fertility. Her vine, the merry cheerer of the heart, Unprunèd dies; her hedges even-plashed Like prisoners wildly overgrown with hair Put forth disordered twigs; her fallow leas The darnel, hemlock, and rank fumitory Doth root upon, while that the coulter rusts That should deracinate such savagery. The even mead—that erst brought sweetly forth The freckled cowslip, burnet, and green clover— Wanting the scythe, all uncorrected, rank, Conceives by idleness, and nothing teems But hateful docks, rough thistles, kecksies, burs, Losing both beauty and utility. An all our vineyards, fallows, meads, and hedges, Defective in their natures, grow to wildness, Even so our houses and ourselves and children Have lost, or do not learn for want of time, The sciences that should become our country, But grow like savages—as soldiers will That nothing do but meditate on blood— To swearing and stern looks, diffused attire, And everything that seems unnatural. Which to reduce into our former favour You are assembled, and my speech entreats That I may know the let why gentle peace Should not expel these inconveniences And bless us with her former qualities.
KING HARRY	If, Duke of Burgundy, you would the peace Whose want gives growth to th’imperfections Which you have cited, you must buy that peace With full accord to all our just demands, Whose tenors and particular effects You have enscheduled briefly in your hands.
BURGUNDY	The King hath heard them, to the which as yet There is no answer made.
KING HARRY	Well then, the peace, Which you before so urged, lies in his answer.
KING CHARLES	I have but with a cursitory eye O’erglanced the articles. Pleaseth your grace To appoint some of your council presently To sit with us once more, with better heed To re-survey them, we will suddenly Pass our accept and peremptory answer.
KING HARRY	Brother, we shall.—Go, Uncle Exeter And brother Clarence, and you, brother Gloucester; Warwick and Huntingdon, go with the King, And take with you free power to ratify, Augment, or alter, as your wisdoms best Shall see advantageable for our dignity, Anything in or out of our demands, And we’ll consign thereto.—Will you, fair sister, Go with the princes, or stay here with us?
QUEEN	Our gracious brother, I will go with them. Haply a woman’s voice may do some good When articles too nicely urged be stood on.
KING HARRY	Yet leave our cousin Catherine here with us. She is our capital demand, comprised
(didascalia)	Within the fore-rank of our articles.
QUEEN	She hath good leave.
(didascalia)	Exeunt all but King Harry, Catherine, and Alice
KING HARRY	Fair Catherine, and most fair, Will you vouchsafe to teach a soldier terms Such as will enter at a lady’s ear And plead his love-suit to her gentle heart?
CATHERINE	Your majesty shall mock at me. I cannot speak your England.
KING HARRY	O fair Catherine, if you will love me soundly with your French heart, I will be glad to hear you confess it brokenly with your English tongue. Do you like me, Kate?
CATHERINE	Pardonnez-moi, I cannot tell vat is ‘like me’.
KING HARRY	An angel is like you, Kate, and you are like an angel.
CATHERINE	(to Alice) Que dit-il?—que je suis semblable à les anges?
ALICE	Oui, vraiment—sauf votre grâce—ainsi dit-il.
KING HARRY	I said so, dear Catherine, and I must not blush to affirm it.
CATHERINE	O bon Dieu! Les langues des hommes sont pleines de tromperies.
KING HARRY	What says she, fair one? That the tongues of men are full of deceits?
ALICE	Oui, dat de tongeus of de mans is be full of deceits—dat is de Princess.
KING HARRY	The Princess is the better Englishwoman. I‘faith, Kate, my wooing is fit for thy understanding. I am glad thou canst speak no better English, for if thou couldst, thou wouldst find me such a plain king that thou wouldst think I had sold my farm to buy my crown. I know no ways to mince it in love, but directly to say, ‘I love you’; then if you urge me farther than to say, ‘Do you in faith?’, I wear out my suit. Give me your answer, i’faith do, and so clap hands and a bargain. How say you, lady?
CATHERINE	Sauf votre honneur, me understand well.
KING HARRY	Marry, if you would put me to verses, or to dance for your sake, Kate, why, you undid me. For the one I have neither words nor measure, and for the other I have no strength in measure—yet a reasonable measure in strength. If I could win a lady at leap-frog, or by vaulting into my saddle with my armour on my back, under the correction of bragging be it spoken, I should quickly leap into a wife. Or if I might buffet for my love, or bound my horse for her favours, I could lay on like a butcher, and sit like a jackanapes, never off. But before God, Kate, I cannot look greenly, nor gasp out my eloquence, nor I have no cunning in protestation—only downright oaths, which I never use till urged, nor never break for urging. If thou canst love a fellow of this temper, Kate, whose face is not worth sunburning, that never looks in his glass for love of anything he sees there, let thine eye be thy cook. I speak to thee plain soldier: if thou canst love me for this, take me. If not, to say to thee that I shall die, is true—but for thy love, by the Lord, no. Yet I love thee, too. And while thou livest, dear Kate, take a fellow of plain and uncoined constancy, for he perforce must do thee right, because he hath not the gift to woo in other places. For these fellows of infinite tongue, that can rhyme themselves into ladies’ favours, they do always reason themselves out again. What! A speaker is but a prater, a rhyme is but a ballad; a good leg will fall, a straight back will stoop, a black beard will turn white, a curled pate will grow bald, a fair face will wither, a full eye will wax hollow, but a good heart, Kate, is the sun and the moon—or rather the sun and not the moon, for it shines bright and never changes, but keeps his course truly. If thou would have such a one, take me; and take me, take a soldier; take a soldier, take a king. And what sayst thou then to my love? Speak, my fair—and fairly, I pray thee.
CATHERINE	Is it possible dat I sould love de ennemi of France?
KING HARRY	No, it is not possible you should love the enemy of France, Kate. But in loving me, you should love the friend of France, for I love France so well that I will not part with a village of it, I will have it all mine; and Kate, when France is mine, and I am yours, then yours is France, and you are mine.
CATHERINE	I cannot tell vat is dat.
KING HARRY	No, Kate? I will tell thee in French—which I am sure will hang upon my tongue like a new-married wife about her husband’s neck, hardly to be shook off. le quand suis le possesseur de France, et quand vous avez le possession de moi—let me see, what then? Saint Denis be my speed!—donc vôtre est France, et vous êtes mienne. It is as easy for me, Kate, to conquer the kingdom as to speak so much more French. I shall never move thee in French, unless it be to laugh at me.
CATHERINE	Sauf votre honneur, le français que vous parlez, il est meilleur que l’anglais lequel je parle.
KING HARRY	No, faith, is’t not, Kate. But thy speaking of my tongue, and I thine, most truly-falsely, must needs be granted to be much at one. But Kate, dost thou understand thus much English? Canst thou love me?
CATHERINE	I cannot tell.
KING HARRY	Can any of your neighbours tell, Kate? I’ll ask them. Come, I know thou lovest me, and at night when you come into your closet you’ll question this gentlewoman about me, and I know, Kate, you will to her dispraise those parts in me that you love with your heart. But good Kate, mock me mercifully—the rather, gentle princess, because I love thee cruelly. If ever thou be’st mine, Kate—as I have a saving faith within me tells me thou shalt—I get thee with scrambling, and thou must therefore needs prove a good soldier-breeder. Shall not thou and I, between Saint Denis and Saint George, compound a boy, half-French half-English, that shall go to Constantinople and take the Turk by the beard? Shall we not? What sayst thou, my fair flowerde-luce?
CATHERINE	I do not know dat.
KING HARRY	No, ’tis hereafter to know, but now to promise. Do but now promise, Kate, you will endeavour for your French part of such a boy, and for my English moiety take the word of a king and a bachelor. How answer you, la plus belle Catherine du monde, mon très chere et divine deésse?
CATHERINE	Your majesté ’ave faux French enough to deceive de most sage demoiselle dat is en France.
KING HARRY	Now fie upon my false French! By mine honour, in true English, I love thee, Kate. By which honour I dare not swear thou lovest me, yet my blood begins to flatter me that thou dost, notwithstanding the poor and untempering effect of my visage. Now beshrew my father’s ambition! He was thinking of civil wars when he got me; therefore was I created with a stubborn outside, with an aspect of iron, that when I come to woo ladies I fright them. But in faith, Kate, the elder I wax the better I shall appear. My comfort is that old age, that ill layer-up of beauty, can do no more spoil upon my face. Thou hast me, if thou hast me, at the worst, and thou shalt wear me, if thou wear me, better and better; and therefore tell me, most fair Catherine, will you have me? Put off your maiden blushes, avouch the thoughts of your heart with the looks of an empress, take me by the hand and say, ‘Harry of England, I am thine’—which word thou shalt no sooner bless mine ear withal, but I will tell thee aloud, ‘England is thine, Ireland is thine, France is thine, and Henry Plantagenet is thine’—who, though I speak it before his face, if he be not fellow with the best king, thou shalt find the best king of good fellows. Come, your answer in broken music—for thy voice is music and thy English broken. Therefore, queen of all, Catherine, break thy mind to me in broken English: wilt thou have me?
CATHERINE	Dat is as it shall please de roi mon père.
KING HARRY	Nay, it will please him well, Kate. It shall please him, Kate.
CATHERINE	Den it sail also content me.
KING HARRY	Upon that I kiss your hand, and I call you my queen.
CATHERINE	Laissez, mon seigneur, laissez, laissez! Ma foi, je ne veux point que vous abbaissez votre grandeur en baisant la main d’une de votre seigneurie indigne serviteur. Excusezmoi, je vous supplie, mon treis-puissant seigneur.
KING HARRY	Then I will kiss your lips, Kate. 255
CATHERINE	Les dames et demoiselles pour être baisées devant leurs noces, il n’est pas la coutume de France.
KING HARRY	(to Alice) Madam my interpreter, what says she?
ALICE	Dat it is not be de façon pour les ladies of France—I cannot tell vat is baiser en Anglish.
KING HARRY	To kiss.
ALICE	Your majesté entend bettre que moi.
KING HARRY	It is not a fashion for the maids in France to kiss before they are married, would she say? 265 ALICE Oui, vraiment.
KING HARRY	O Kate, nice customs curtsy to great kings. Dear Kate, you and I cannot be confined within the weak list of a country’s fashion. We are the makers of manners, Kate, and the liberty that follows our places stops the mouth of all find-faults, as I will do yours, for upholding the nice fashion of your country in denying me a kiss. Therefore, patiently and yielding. (He kisses her) You have witchcraft in your lips, Kate. There is more eloquence in a sugar touch of them than in the tongues of the French Council, and they should sooner persuade Harry of England than a general petition of monarchs. Here comes your father Enter King Charles, Queen Isabel, the Duke of Burgundy, and the French and English lords
BURGUNDY	God save your majesty. My royal cousin, teach you our princess English?
KING HARRY	I would have her learn, my fair cousin, how perfectly I love her, and that is good English.
BURGUNDY	Is she not apt?
KING HARRY	Our tongue is rough, coz, and my condition is not smooth, so that having neither the voice nor the heart of flattery about me I cannot so conjure up the spirit of love in her that he will appear in his true likeness.
BURGUNDY	Pardon the frankness of my mirth, if I answer you for that. If you would conjure in her, you must make a circle; if conjure up love in her in his true likeness, he must appear naked and blind. Can you blame her then, being a maid yet rosed over with the virgin crimson of modesty, if she deny the appearance of a naked blind boy in her naked seeing self? It were, my lord, a hard condition for a maid to consign to.
KING HARRY	Yet they do wink and yield, as love is blind and enforces.
BURGUNDY	They are then excused, my lord, when they see not what they do.
KING HARRY	Then, good my lord, teach your cousin to consent winking.
BURGUNDY	I will wink on her to consent, my lord, if you will teach her to know my meaning. For maids, well summered and warm kept, are like flies at Bartholomew-tide: blind, though they have their eyes. And then they will endure handling, which before would not abide looking on.
KING HARRY	This moral ties me over to time and a hot summer, and so I shall catch the fly, your cousin, in the latter end, and she must be blind too.
BURGUNDY	As love is, my lord, before that it loves.
KING HARRY	It is so. And you may, some of you, thank love for my blindness, who cannot see many a fair French city for one fair French maid that stands in my way.
KING CHARLES	Yes, my lord, you see them perspectively, the cities turned into a maid—for they are all girdled with maiden walls that war hath never entered.
KING HARRY	Shall Kate be my wife?
KING CHARLES	So please you.
KING HARRY	I am content, so the maiden cities you talk of may wait on her: so the maid that stood in the way for my wish shall show me the way to my will.
KING CHARLES	We have consented to all terms of reason.
KING HARRY	Is’t so, my lords of England?
(didascalia)	WARWICKI
KING HARRY	The King hath granted every article: His daughter first, and so in sequel all, According to their firm proposed natures.
EXETER	Only he hath not yet subscribed this: where your majesty demands that the King of France, having any occasion to write for matter of grant, shall name your highness in this form and with this addition:
(didascalia)	reads in French, Notre très
EXETER	cher fils Henri, Roi d’Angleterre, Heritier de France, and thus in Latin, Praeclarissimus filius noster Henricus, Rex Angliae et Haeres Franciae.
KING CHARLES	Nor this I have not, brother, so denied, But your request shall make me let it pass.
KING HARRY	I pray you then, in love and dear alliance, Let that one article rank with the rest, And thereupon give me your daughter.
KING CHARLES	Take her, fair son, and from her blood raise up Issue to me, that the contending kingdoms Of France and England, whose very shores look pale With envy of each other’s happiness, May cease their hatred, and this dear conjunction Plant neighbourhood and Christian-like accord In their sweet bosoms, that never war advance His bleeding sword ’twixt England and fair France.
(didascalia)	ALL Amen.
KING HARRY	Now welcome, Kate, and bear me witness all That here I kiss her as my sovereign Queen.
(didascalia)	Flourish
QUEEN ISABEL	God, the best maker of all marriages, Combine your hearts in one, your realms in one. As man and wife, being two, are one in love, So be there ‘twixt your kingdoms such a spousal That never may ill office or fell jealousy, Which troubles oft the bed of blessed marriage, Thrust in between the paction of these kingdoms To make divorce of their incorporate league; That English may as French, French Englishmen, Receive each other, God speak this ‘Amen’.
ALL	Amen.
KING HARRY	Prepare we for our marriage. On which day, My lord of Burgundy, we’ll take your oath, And all the peers‘, for surety of our leagues. Then shall I swear to Kate, and you to me, And may our oaths well kept and prosp’rous be.
(didascalia)	Sennet. Exeunt
KING HARRY	Epilogue
(didascalia)	Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Thus far with rough and all-unable pen Our bending author hath pursued the story, In little room confining mighty men, Mangling by starts the full course of their glory. Small time, but in that small most greatly lived This star of England. Fortune made his sword, By which the world’s best garden he achieved, And of it left his son imperial lord. Henry the Sixth, in infant bands crowned king Of France and England, did this king succeed, Whose state so many had the managing That they lost France and made his England bleed, Which oft our stage hath shown—and, for their sake, In your fair minds let this acceptance take. Exit
ADDITIONAL PASSAGES	The Dauphin/Bourbon variant, which usually involves only the alteration of speech-prefixes, has several consequences for the dialogue and structure of 4.5. There follow edited texts of the Folio and Quarto versions of this scene.
(didascalia)	Enter the Constable, Orleans, Bourbon, the Dauphin, and Rambures
CONSTABLE	O diable! ORLÉANS O Seigneur! Le jour est perdu, tout est perdu.
DAUPHIN	Mort de ma vie! All is confounded, all. Reproach and everlasting shame Sits mocking in our plumes. A short alarum O méchante fortune! Do not run away.
(didascalia)	Exit Rambures
CONSTABLE	Why, all our ranks are broke.
DAUPHIN	O perdurable shame! Let’s stab ourselves: Be these the wretches that we played at dice for? ORLÉANS Is this the king we sent to for his ransom?
BOURBON	Shame, an eternall shame, nothing but shame! Let us die in pride. In once more, back again! And he that will not follow Bourbon now, Let him go home, and with his cap in hand Like a base leno hold the chamber door, Whilst by a slave no gentler than my dog His fairest daughter is contaminated.
CONSTABLE	Disorder that hath spoiled us, friend us now, Let us on heaps go offer up our lives. ORLÉANS We are enough yet living in the field To smother up the English in our throngs, If any order might be thought upon.
BOURBON	The devil take order now. I’ll to the throng. Let life be short, else shame will be too long.
(didascalia)	Exeunt
(didascalia)	Enter the four French lords: the Constable, Orléans, Bourbon, and Gebon
GEBON	O diabello!
CONSTABLE	Mort de ma vie! ORLÉANS O what a day is this!
BOURBON	O jour de honte, all is gone, all is lost.
CONSTABLE	We are enough yet living in the field To smother up the English, If any order might be thought upon.
BOURBON	A plague of order! Once more to the field! And he that will not follow Bourbon now, Let him go home, and with his cap in hand, Like a base leno hold the chamber door, Whilst by a slave no gentler than my dog His fairest daughter is contaminated.
CONSTABLE	Disorder that hath spoiled us, right us now. Come we in heaps, we’ll offer up our lives Unto these English, or else die with fame.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Come, come along.
CONSTABLE	Let’s die with honour, our shame doth last too long.
(didascalia)	Exeunt
ON	21 September 1599 a Swiss doctor, Thomas Platter, saw what can only have been Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar ‘very pleasingly performed’ in the newly built Globe Theatre—‘the straw-thatched house’—on the south side of the Thames. Francis Meres does not mention the play in Palladis Tamia of 1598, and minor resemblances with works printed in the early part of 1599 suggest that Shakespeare wrote it during that year. It was first printed in the 1623 Folio. Julius Caesar shows Shakespeare turning from English to Roman history, which he had last used in Titus Andronicus and The Rape of Lucrece. Caesar was regarded as perhaps the greatest ruler in the history of the world, and his murder by Brutus as one of the foulest crimes: but it was also recognized that Caesar had faults and Brutus virtues. Other plays, some now lost, had been written about Caesar and may have influenced Shakespeare; but there is no question that he made extensive use (for the first time in this play) of Sir Thomas North’s great translation (based on Jacques Amyot’s French version and published in 1579) of Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans by the Greek historian Plutarch, who lived from about AD 50 to 130. Shakespeare was interested in the aftermath of Caesar’s death as well as in the events leading up to it, and in the public and private motives of those responsible for it. So, although the Folio calls the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Caesar is dead before the play is half over; Brutus, Cassius, and Antony have considerably longer roles, and Brutus is portrayed with a degree of introspection which links him more closely to Shakespeare’s other tragic heroes. Shakespeare draws mainly on the last quarter of Plutarch’s Life of Caesar, showing his fall; he also uses the Lives of Antony and Brutus for the play’s first sweep of action, showing the rise of the conspiracy against Caesar, its leaders’ efforts to persuade Brutus to join them, the assassination itself, and its immediate aftermath as Antony incites the citizens to revenge. The second part, showing the formation of the triumvirate of Antony, Lepidus, and Octavius Caesar, the uneasy alliance of Brutus and Cassius, and the battles in which Caesar’s spirit revenges itself, depends mainly on the Life of Brutus. Facts are often altered and rearranged in the interests of dramatic economy and effectiveness. Although Shakespeare wrote the play at a point in his career at which he was tending to use a high proportion of prose, Julius Caesar is written mainly in verse; as if to suit the subject matter, the style is classical in its lucidity and eloquence, reaching a climax of rhetorical effectiveness in the speeches over Caesar’s body (3.2). The play’s stage-worthiness has been repeatedly demonstrated; it offers excellent opportunities in all its main roles, and the quarrel between Brutus and Cassius (4.2) has been admired ever since Leonard Digges, a contemporary of Shakespeare, praised it at the expense of Ben Jonson: So have I seen, when Caesar would appear, And on the stage at half-sword parley were Brutus and Cassius; O, how the audience Were ravished, with what wonder they went thence, When some new day they would not brook a line Of tedious though well-laboured Catiline.
THE PERSONS OF THE	PLAY

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of Ely
CANTERBURY	My lord, I’ll tell you. That self bill is urged Which in th’eleventh year of the last king’s reign Was like, and had indeed against us passed, But that the scrambling and unquiet time Did push it out of farther question.
ELY	But how, my lord, shall we resist it now?
CANTERBURY	It must be thought on. If it pass against us, We lose the better half of our possession, For all the temporal lands which men devout By testament have given to the Church Would they strip from us—being valued thus: As much as would maintain, to the King’s honour, Full fifteen earls and fifteen hundred knights, Six thousand and two hundred good esquires; And, to relief of lazars and weak age, Of indigent faint souls past corporal toil, A hundred almshouses right well supplied; And to the coffers of the King beside A thousand pounds by th’ year. Thus runs the bill.
ELY	This would drink deep.
CANTERBURY	’Twould drink the cup and all.
ELY	But what prevention?
CANTERBURY	The King is full of grace and fair regard.
ELY	And a true lover of the holy Church.
CANTERBURY	The courses of his youth promised it not. The breath no sooner left his father’s body But that his wildness, mortified in him, Seemed to die too. Yea, at that very moment Consideration like an angel came And whipped th‘offending Adam out of him, Leaving his body as a paradise T’envelop and contain celestial spirits. Never was such a sudden scholar made; Never came reformation in a flood With such a heady currance scouring faults; Nor never Hydra-headed wilfulness So soon did lose his seat—and all at once— As in this king.
ELY	We are blessed in the change.
CANTERBURY	Hear him but reason in divinity And, all-admiring, with an inward wish You would desire the King were made a prelate; Hear him debate of commonwealth affairs, You would say it hath been all-in-all his study; List his discourse of war, and you shall hear A fearful battle rendered you in music; Turn him to any cause of policy, The Gordian knot of it he will unloose, Familiar as his garter—that when he speaks, The air, a chartered libertine, is still, And the mute wonder lurketh in men’s ears To steal his sweet and honeyed sentences: So that the art and practic part of life Must be the mistress to this theoric. Which is a wonder how his grace should glean it, Since his addiction was to courses vain, His companies unlettered, rude, and shallow, His hours filled up with riots, banquets, sports, And never noted in him any study, Any retirement, any sequestration From open haunts and popularity.
ELY	The strawberry grows underneath the nettle, And wholesome berries thrive and ripen best Neighboured by fruit of baser quality; And so the Prince obscured his contemplation Under the veil of wildness—which, no doubt, Grew like the summer grass, fastest by night, Unseen, yet crescive in his faculty.
CANTERBURY	It must be so, for miracles are ceased, And therefore we must needs admit the means How things are perfected.
ELY	But, my good lord, How now for mitigation of this bill Urged by the Commons? Doth his majesty Incline to it, or no?
CANTERBURY	He seems indifferent, Or rather swaying more upon our part Than cherishing th’exhibitors against us; For I have made an offer to his majesty, Upon our spiritual convocation And in regard of causes now in hand, Which I have opened to his grace at large: As touching France, to give a greater sum Than ever at one time the clergy yet Did to his predecessors part withal.
ELY	How did this offer seem received, my lord?
CANTERBURY	With good acceptance of his majesty, Save that there was not time enough to hear, As I perceived his grace would fain have done, The severals and unhidden passages Of his true titles to some certain dukedoms, And generally to the crown and seat of France, Derived from Edward, his great-grandfather.
ELY	What was th’impediment that broke this off?
CANTERBURY	The French ambassador upon that instant Craved audience—and the hour I think is come To give him hearing. Is it four o’clock?
ELY	It is. 95
CANTERBURY	Then go we in, to know his embassy— Which I could with a ready guess declare Before the Frenchman speak a word of it.
ELY	I’ll wait upon you, and I long to hear it. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry, the Dukes of Gloucester, Clarence, and Exeter, and the Earls of Warwick and Westmorland
KING HARRY	Where is my gracious lord of Canterbury?
EXETER	Not here in presence.
KING HARRY	Send for him, good uncle.
WESTMORLAND	Shall we call in th’ambassador, my liege?
KING HARRY	Not yet, my cousin. We would be resolved, Before we hear him, of some things of weight That task our thoughts, concerning us and France.
(didascalia)	Enter the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of Ely
CANTERBURY	God and his angels guard your sacred throne, And make you long become it.
KING HARRY	Sure we thank you. My learnèd lord, we pray you to proceed, And justly and religiously unfold Why the law Salic that they have in France Or should or should not bar us in our claim. And God forbid, my dear and faithful lord, That you should fashion, wrest, or bow your reading, Or nicely charge your understanding soul With opening titles miscreate, whose right Suits not in native colours with the truth; For God doth know how many now in health Shall drop their blood in approbation Of what your reverence shall incite us to. Therefore take heed how you impawn our person, How you awake our sleeping sword of war; We charge you in the name of God take heed. For never two such kingdoms did contend Without much fall of blood, whose guiltless drops Are every one a woe, a sore complaint ’Gainst him whose wrongs gives edge unto the swords That makes such waste in brief mortality. Under this conjuration speak, my lord, For we will hear, note, and believe in heart That what you speak is in your conscience washed As pure as sin with baptism.
CANTERBURY	Then hear me, gracious sovereign, and you peers That owe your selves, your lives, and services To this imperial throne. There is no bar To make against your highness’ claim to France But this, which they produce from Pharamond: ‘In terram Salicam mulieres ne succedant’— ’No woman shall succeed in Salic land’— Which ‘Salic land’ the French unjustly gloss To be the realm of France, and Pharamond The founder of this law and female bar. Yet their own authors faithfully affirm That the land Salic is in Germany, Between the floods of Saale and of Elbe, Where, Charles the Great having subdued the Saxons, There left behind and settled certain French Who, holding in disdain the German women For some dishonest manners of their life, Established there this law: to wit, no female Should be inheritrix in Salic land— Which Salic, as I said, ’twixt Elbe and Saale, Is at this day in Germany called Meissen. Then doth it well appear the Salic Law Was not devised for the realm of France. Nor did the French possess the Salic land Until four hundred one-and-twenty years After defunction of King Pharamond, Idly supposed the founder of this law, Who died within the year of our redemption Four hundred twenty-six; and Charles the Great Subdued the Saxons, and did seat the French Beyond the river Saale, in the year Eight hundred five. Besides, their writers say, King Pépin, which deposed Childéric, Did, as heir general—being descended Of Blithild, which was daughter to King Clotaire— Make claim and title to the crown of France. Hugh Capet also—who usurped the crown Of Charles the Duke of Lorraine, sole heir male Of the true line and stock of Charles the Great— To fine his title with some shows of truth, Though in pure truth it was corrupt and naught, Conveyed himself as heir to th’ Lady Lingard, Daughter to Charlemain, who was the son To Louis the Emperor, and Louis the son Of Charles the Great. Also, King Louis the Ninth, Who was sole heir to the usurper Capet, Could not keep quiet in his conscience, Wearing the crown of France, till satisfied That fair Queen Isabel, his grandmother, Was lineal of the Lady Ermengarde, Daughter to Charles, the foresaid Duke of Lorraine; By the which marriage, the line of Charles the Great Was reunited to the crown of France. So that, as clear as is the summer’s sun, King Pépin’s title and Hugh Capet’s claim, King Louis his satisfaction, all appear To hold in right and title of the female; So do the kings of France unto this day, Howbeit they would hold up this Salic Law To bar your highness claiming from the female, And rather choose to hide them in a net Than amply to embar their crooked titles, Usurped from you and your progenitors.
KING HARRY	May I with right and conscience make this claim?
CANTERBURY	The sin upon my head, dread sovereign. For in the Book of Numbers is it writ, ‘When the son dies, let the inheritance Descend unto the daughter.’ Gracious lord, Stand for your own; unwind your bloody flag; Look back into your mighty ancestors. Go, my dread lord, to your great-grandsire’s tomb, From whom you claim; invoke his warlike spirit, And your great-uncle’s, Edward the Black Prince, Who on the French ground played a tragedy, Making defeat on the full power of France, Whiles his most mighty father on a hill Stood smiling to behold his lion’s whelp Forage in blood of French nobility. no O noble English, that could entertain With half their forces the full pride of France, And let another half stand laughing by, All out of work, and cold for action.
ELY	Awake remembrance of those valiant dead, And with your puissant arm renew their feats. You are their heir, you sit upon their throne, The blood and courage that renowned them Runs in your veins—and my thrice-puissant liege Is in the very May-morn of his youth, Ripe for exploits and mighty enterprises.
EXETER	Your brother kings and monarchs of the earth Do all expect that you should rouse yourself As did the former lions of your blood.
WESTMORLAND	They know your grace hath cause; and means and might, So hath your highness. Never king of England Had nobles richer and more loyal subjects, Whose hearts have left their bodies here in England And lie pavilioned in the fields of France.
CANTERBURY	O let their bodies follow, my dear liege, With blood and sword and fire, to win your right. In aid whereof, we of the spiritualty Will raise your highness such a mighty sum As never did the clergy at one time Bring in to any of your ancestors.
KING HARRY	We must not only arm t’invade the French, But lay down our proportions to defend Against the Scot, who will make raid upon us With all advantages.
CANTERBURY	They of those marches, gracious sovereign, Shall be a wall sufficient to defend Our inland from the pilfering borderers.
KING HARRY	We do not mean the coursing snatchers only, But fear the main intendment of the Scot, Who hath been still a giddy neighbour to us. For you shall read that my great-grandfather Never unmasked his power unto France But that the Scot on his unfurnished kingdom Came pouring like the tide into a breach With ample and brim fullness of his force Galling the gleaned land with hot assays, Girding with grievous siege castles and towns, That England, being empty of defence, Hath shook and trembled at the bruit thereof.
CANTERBURY	She hath been then more feared than harmed, my liege. 155 For hear her but exampled by herself: When all her chivalry hath been in France And she a mourning widow of her nobles, She hath herself not only well defended But taken and impounded as a stray The King of Scots, whom she did send to France To fill King Edward’s fame with prisoner kings And make your chronicle as rich with praise As is the ooze and bottom of the sea With sunken wrack and sumless treasuries.
(didascalia)	A LORD
CANTERBURY	But there’s a saying very old and true: ‘If that you will France win, Then with Scotland first begin.’ For once the eagle England being in prey, To her unguarded nest the weasel Scot Comes sneaking, and so sucks her princely eggs, Playing the mouse in absence of the cat, To ’tame and havoc more than she can eat.
EXETER	It follows then the cat must stay at home. Yet that is but a crushed necessity, Since we have locks to safeguard necessaries And pretty traps to catch the petty thieves. While that the armed hand doth fight abroad, Th’advisèd head defends itself at home. For government, though high and low and lower, Put into parts, doth keep in one consent, Congreeing in a full and natural close, Like music.
CANTERBURY	True. Therefore doth heaven divide The state of man in divers functions, Setting endeavour in continual motion; To which is fixed, as an aim or butt, Obedience. For so work the honey-bees, Creatures that by a rule in nature teach The act of order to a peopled kingdom. They have a king, and officers of sorts, Where some like magistrates correct at home; Others like merchants venture trade abroad; Others like soldiers, armed in their stings, Make boot upon the summer’s velvet buds, Which pillage they with merry march bring home To the tent royal of their emperor, Who busied in his majesty surveys The singing masons building roofs of gold, The civil citizens lading up the honey, The poor mechanic porters crowding in Their heavy burdens at his narrow gate, The sad-eyed justice with his surly hum Delivering o’er to executors pale The lazy yawning drone. I this infer: That many things, having full reference To one consent, may work contrariously. As many arrows, loosed several ways, Fly to one mark, as many ways meet in one town, As many fresh streams meet in one salt sea, As many lines close in the dial’s centre, So may a thousand actions once afoot End in one purpose, and be all well borne Without defect. Therefore to France, my liege. Divide your happy England into four, Whereof take you one quarter into France, And you withal shall make all Gallia shake. If we with thrice such powers left at home Cannot defend our own doors from the dog, Let us be worried, and our nation lose The name of hardiness and policy.
KING HARRY	Call in the messengers sent from the Dauphin.
(didascalia)	Exit one or more
KING HARRY	Now are we well resolved, and by God’s help And yours, the noble sinews of our power, France being ours we’ll bend it to our awe, Or break it all to pieces. Or there we’ll sit, Ruling in large and ample empery O’er France and all her almost kingly dukedoms, Or lay these bones in an unworthy urn, Tombless, with no remembrance over them. Either our history shall with full mouth Speak freely of our acts, or else our grave, Like Turkish mute, shall have a tongueless mouth, Not worshipped with a waxen epitaph.
(didascalia)	Enter Ambassadors of France, with a tun
KING HARRY	Now are we well prepared to know the pleasure Of our fair cousin Dauphin, for we hear Your greeting is from him, not from the King.
AMBASSADOR	May’t please your majesty to give us leave Freely to render what we have in charge, Or shall we sparingly show you far off The Dauphin’s meaning and our embassy?
KING HARRY	We are no tyrant, but a Christian king, Unto whose grace our passion is as subject As is our wretches fettered in our prisons. Therefore with frank and with uncurbèd plainness Tell us the Dauphin’s mind.
AMBASSADOR	Thus then in few: Your highness lately sending into France Did claim some certain dukedoms, in the right Of your great predecessor, King Edward the Third. In answer of which claim, the Prince our master Says that you savour too much of your youth, And bids you be advised, there’s naught in France That can be with a nimble galliard won: You cannot revel into dukedoms there. He therefore sends you, meeter for your spirit, This tun of treasure, and in lieu of this Desires you let the dukedoms that you claim Hear no more of you. This the Dauphin speaks.
KING HARRY	What treasure, uncle?
EXETER	(opening the tun) Tennis balls, my liege.
KING HARRY	We are glad the Dauphin is so pleasant with us. His present and your pains we thank you for. When we have matched our rackets to these balls, We will in France, by God’s grace, play a set Shall strike his father’s crown into the hazard. Tell him he hath made a match with such a wrangler That all the courts of France will be disturbed With chases. And we understand him well, How he comes o‘er us with our wilder days, Not measuring what use we made of them. We never valued this poor seat of England, And therefore, living hence, did give ourself To barbarous licence—as ’tis ever common That men are merriest when they are from home. But tell the Dauphin I will keep my state, Be like a king, and show my sail of greatness When I do rouse me in my throne of France. For that have I laid by my majesty And plodded like a man for working days, But I will rise there with so full a glory That I will dazzle all the eyes of France, Yea strike the Dauphin blind to look on us. And tell the pleasant Prince this mock of his Hath turned his balls to gunstones, and his soul Shall stand sore charged for the wasteful vengeance That shall fly from them—for many a thousand widows Shall this his mock mock out of their dear husbands, Mock mothers from their sons, mock castles down; Ay, some are yet ungotten and unborn That shall have cause to curse the Dauphin’s scorn. But this lies all within the will of God, To whom I do appeal, and in whose name Tell you the Dauphin I am coming on To venge me as I may, and to put forth My rightful hand in a well-hallowed cause. So get you hence in peace. And tell the Dauphin His jest will savour but of shallow wit When thousands weep more than did laugh at it.— Convey them with safe conduct.—Fare you well.
(didascalia)	Exeunt Ambassadors
EXETER	This was a merry message.
KING HARRY	We hope to make the sender blush at it. Therefore, my lords, omit no happy hour That may give furth’rance to our expedition; For we have now no thought in us but France, Save those to God, that run before our business. Therefore let our proportions for these wars Be soon collected, and all things thought upon That may with reasonable swiftness add More feathers to our wings; for, God before, We’ll chide this Dauphin at his father’s door. Therefore let every man now task his thought, That this fair action may on foot be brought.
(didascalia)	Flourish. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Now all the youth of England are on fire, And silken dalliance in the wardrobe lies; Now thrive the armourers, and honour’s thought Reigns solely in the breast of every man. They sell the pasture now to buy the horse, Following the mirror of all Christian kings With winged heels, as English Mercuries. For now sits expectation in the air And hides a sword from hilts unto the point With crowns imperial, crowns and coronets, Promised to Harry and his followers. The French, advised by good intelligence Of this most dreadful preparation, Shake in their fear, and with pale policy Seek to divert the English purposes. O England!—model to thy inward greatness, Like little body with a mighty heart, What mightst thou do, that honour would thee do, Were all thy children kind and natural? But see, thy fault France hath in thee found out: A nest of hollow bosoms, which he fills With treacherous crowns; and three corrupted men— One, Richard, Earl of Cambridge; and the second Henry, Lord Scrope of Masham; and the third Sir Thomas Grey, knight, of Northumberland— Have, for the gilt of France—O guilt indeed!— Confirmed conspiracy with fearful France; And by their hands this grace of kings must die, If hell and treason hold their promises, Ere he take ship for France, and in Southampton. Linger your patience on, and we’ll digest Th’abuse of distance, force—perforce—a play. The sum is paid, the traitors are agreed, The King is set from London, and the scene Is now transported, gentles, to Southampton. There is the playhouse now, there must you sit, And thence to France shall we convey you safe, And bring you back, charming the narrow seas To give you gentle pass—for if we may We’ll not offend one stomach with our play. But till the King come forth, and not till then, Unto Southampton do we shift our scene. Exit

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Corporal Nim and Lieutenant Bardolph
BARDOLPH	Well met, Corporal Nim.
NIM	Good morrow, Lieutenant Bardolph.
BARDOLPH	What, are Ensign Pistol and you friends yet?
NIM	For my part, I care not. I say little, but when time shall serve, there shall be smiles—but that shall be as it may. I dare not fight, but I will wink and hold out mine iron. It is a simple one, but what though? It will toast cheese, and it will endure cold, as another man’s sword will—and there’s an end.
BARDOLPH	I will bestow a breakfast to make you friends, and we’ll be all three sworn brothers to France. Let’t be so, good Corporal Nim.
NIM	Faith, I will live so long as I may, that’s the certain of it, and when I cannot live any longer, I will do as I may. That is my rest, that is the rendezvous of it.
BARDOLPH	It is certain, corporal, that he is married to Nell Quickly, and certainly she did you wrong, for you were troth-plight to her.
NIM	I cannot tell. Things must be as they may. Men may sleep, and they may have their throats about them at that time, and some say knives have edges. It must be as it may. Though Patience be a tired mare, yet she will plod. There must be conclusions. Well, I cannot tell. Enter Ensign Pistol and Hostess Quickly
BARDOLPH	Good morrow, Ensign Pistol. (To Nim) Here comes Ensign Pistol and his wife. Good Corporal, be patient here.
(didascalia)	NIM How now, mine host Pistol?
PISTOL	Base tick, call’st thou me host? Now by Gad’s lugs I swear I scorn the term. Nor shall my Nell keep lodgers.
(didascalia)	HOSTESS No, by my troth, not long, for we cannot lodge and board a dozen or fourteen gentlewomen that live honestly by the prick of their needles, but it will be thought we keep a bawdy-house straight. Nim draws his sword O well-a-day, Lady! If he be not hewn now, we shall see wilful adultery and murder committed. 36 Pistol draws his sword
BARDOLPH	Good lieutenant, good corporal, offer nothing here.
NIM	Pish.
PISTOL	Pish for thee, Iceland dog. Thou prick-eared cur of Iceland.
HOSTESS	Good Corporal Nim, show thy valour, and put up your sword. They sheathe their swords
NIM	Will you shog off? I would have you solus.
PISTOL	‘Solus’, egregious dog? O viper vile! The solus in thy most marvellous face, The solus in thy teeth, and in thy throat, And in thy hateful lungs, yea in thy maw pardie— And which is worse, within thy nasty mouth. I do retort the solus in thy bowels, For I can take, and Pistol’s cock is up, And flashing fire will follow.
NIM	I am not Barbason, you cannot conjure me. I have an humour to knock you indifferently well. If you grow foul with me, Pistol, I will scour you with my rapier, as I may, in fair terms. If you would walk off, I would prick your guts a little, in good terms, as I may, and that’s the humour of it.
PISTOL	O braggart vile, and damned furious wight! The grave doth gape and doting death is near. Therefore ex-hale. Pistol and Nim draw their swords
BARDOLPH	Hear me, hear me what I say.
(didascalia)	He draws his sword
BARDOLPH	He that strikes the first stroke, I’ll run him up to the hilts, as I am a soldier.
PISTOL	An oath of mickle might, and fury shall abate.
(didascalia)	They sheathe their swords
PISTOL	(To Nim) Give me thy fist, thy forefoot to me give. 65 Thy spirits are most tall.
NIM	I will cut thy throat one time or other, in fair terms, that is the humour of it.
PISTOL	Couple a gorge, That is the word. I thee defy again. O hound of Crete, think‘st thou my spouse to get? No, to the spital go, And from the powd’ring tub of infamy Fetch forth the lazar kite of Cressid’s kind, Doll Tearsheet she by name, and her espouse. I have, and I will hold, the quondam Quickly For the only she, and—pauca, there’s enough. Go to.
(didascalia)	Enter the Boy running
BOY	Mine host Pistol, you must come to my master, and you, hostess. He is very sick, and would to bed.—Good Bardolph, put thy face between his sheets, and do the office of a warming-pan.—Faith, he’s very ill.
BARDOLPH	Away, you rogue!
(didascalia)	HOSTESS By my troth, he’ll yield the crow a pudding one of these days. The King has killed his heart. Good husband, come home presently. Exit with Boy
BARDOLPE	Come, shall I make you two friends? We must to France together. Why the devil should we keep knives to cut one another’s throats?
PISTOL	Let floods o‘erswell, and fiends for food howl on!
NIM	You’ll pay me the eight shillings I won of you at betting?
PISTOL	Base is the slave that pays.
NIM	That now I will have. That’s the humour of it.
PISTOL	As manhood shall compound. Push home. Pistol and Nim draw their swords
(didascalia)	BARDOLPH drawing his sword By this sword, he that makes the first thrust, I’ll kill him. By this sword, I will.
PISTOL	Sword is an oath, and oaths must have their course.
(didascalia)	He sheathes his sword
BARDOLPH	Corporal Nim, an thou wilt be friends, be friends. An thou wilt not, why then be enemies with me too. Prithee, put up.
NIM	I shall have my eight shillings?
PISTOL	A noble shalt thou have, and present pay, And liquor likewise will I give to thee, And friendship shall combine, and brotherhood. I’ll live by Nim, and Nim shall live by me. Is not this just? For I shall sutler be Unto the camp, and profits will accrue. Give me thy hand.
NIM	I shall have my noble?
PISTOL	In cash, most justly paid.
(didascalia)	NIM Well then, that’s the humour of’t. Nim and Bardolph sheathe their swords. Enter Hostess Quickly
(didascalia)	HOSTESS As ever you come of women, come in quickly to Sir John. Ah, poor heart, he is so shaked of a burning quotidian-tertian, that it is most lamentable to behold. Sweet men, come to him. Exit
NIM	The King hath run bad humours on the knight, that’s the even of it.
PISTOL	Nim, thou hast spoke the right. His heart is fracted and corroborate.
NIM	The King is a good king, but it must be as it may. He passes some humours and careers.
PISTOL	Let us condole the knight—for, lambkins, we will live. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Dukes of Exeter and Gloucester, and the Earl of Westmorland
(didascalia)	GLOUCESTER
(didascalia)	Fore God, his grace is bold to trust these traitors.
EXETER	They shall be apprehended by and by.
WESTMORLAND	How smooth and even they do bear themselves, As if allegiance in their bosoms sat, Crowned with faith and constant loyalty.
(didascalia)	GLOUCESTER
WESTMORLAND	The King hath note of all that they intend, By interception which they dream not of.
EXETER	Nay, but the man that was his bedfellow, Whom he hath dulled and cloyed with gracious favours— That he should for a foreign purse so sell His sovereign’s life to death and treachery.
(didascalia)	Sound trumpets. Enter King Harry, Lord Scrope, the
EXETER	Earl of Cambridge, and Sir Thomas Grey
KING HARRY	Now sits the wind fair, and we will aboard. My lord of Cambridge, and my kind lord of Masham, And you, my gentle knight, give me your thoughts. Think you not that the powers we bear with us Will cut their passage through the force of France, Doing the execution and the act For which we have in head assembled them?
SCROPE	No doubt, my liege, if each man do his best.
KING HARRY	I doubt not that, since we are well persuaded We carry not a heart with us from hence That grows not in a fair consent with ours, Nor leave not one behind that doth not wish Success and conquest to attend on us.
CAMBRIDGE	Never was monarch better feared and loved Than is your majesty. There’s not, I think, a subject That sits in heart-grief and uneasiness Under the sweet shade of your government.
GREY	True. Those that were your father’s enemies Have steeped their galls in honey, and do serve you With hearts create of duty and of zeal.
KING HARRY	We therefore have great cause of thankfulness, And shall forget the office of our hand Sooner than quittance of desert and merit, According to their weight and worthiness.
SCROPE	So service shall with steelèd sinews toil, And labour shall refresh itself with hope, To do your grace incessant services.
KING HARRY	We judge no less.—Uncle of Exeter, Enlarge the man committed yesterday That railed against our person. We consider It was excess of wine that set him on, And on his more advice we pardon him.
SCROPE	That’s mercy, but too much security. Let him be punished, sovereign, lest example Breed, by his sufferance, more of such a kind.
KING HARRY	O let us yet be merciful.
CAMBRIDGE	So may your highness, and yet punish too.
GREY	Sir, you show great mercy if you give him life, After the taste of much correction.
KING HARRY	Alas, your too much love and care of me Are heavy orisons ’gainst this poor wretch. If little faults proceeding on distemper Shall not be winked at, how shall we stretch our eye When capital crimes, chewed, swallowed, and digested, Appear before us? We’ll yet enlarge that man, Though Cambridge, Scrope, and Grey, in their dear care And tender preservation of our person, Would have him punished. And now to our French causes. Who are the late commissioners?
CAMBRIDGE	I one, my lord. Your highness bade me ask for it today.
SCROPE	So did you me, my liege.
GREY	And I, my royal sovereign.
KING HARRY	Then Richard, Earl of Cambridge, there is yours; There yours, Lord Scrope of Masham, and sir knight, Grey of Northumberland, this same is yours. Read them, and know I know your worthiness.— My lord of Westmorland, and Uncle Exeter, We will aboard tonight.—Why, how now, gentlemen? What see you in those papers, that you lose So much complexion?—Look ye how they change: Their cheeks are paper.—Why, what read you there That have so cowarded and chased your blood Out of appearance?
CAMBRIDGE	I do confess my fault, And do submit me to your highness’ mercy.
GREY	and SCROPE To which we all appeal.
KING HARRY	The mercy that was quick in us but late By your own counsel is suppressed and killed. You must not dare, for shame, to talk of mercy, For your own reasons turn into your bosoms, As dogs upon their masters, worrying you.— See you, my princes and my noble peers, These English monsters? My lord of Cambridge here, You know how apt our love was to accord To furnish him with all appurtenants Belonging to his honour; and this vile man Hath for a few light crowns lightly conspired And sworn unto the practices of France To kill us here in Hampton. To the which This knight, no less for bounty bound to us Than Cambridge is, hath likewise sworn. But O What shall I say to thee, Lord Scrope, thou cruel, Ingrateful, savage, and inhuman creature? Thou that didst bear the key of all my counsels, That knew‘st the very bottom of my soul, That almost mightst ha’ coined me into gold Wouldst thou ha’ practised on me for thy use: May it be possible that foreign hire Could out of thee extract one spark of evil That might annoy my finger? ’Tis so strange That though the truth of it stands off as gross As black on white, my eye will scarcely see it. Treason and murder ever kept together, As two yoke-devils sworn to either’s purpose, Working so grossly in a natural cause That admiration did not whoop at them; But thou, ‘gainst all proportion, didst bring in Wonder to wait on treason and on murder. And whatsoever cunning fiend it was That wrought upon thee so preposterously Hath got the voice in hell for excellence. And other devils that suggest by treasons Do botch and bungle up damnation With patches, colours, and with forms, being fetched From glist’ring semblances of piety; But he that tempered thee, bade thee stand up, Gave thee no instance why thou shouldst do treason, Unless to dub thee with the name of traitor. If that same demon that hath gulled thee thus Should with his lion gait walk the whole world, He might return to vasty Tartar back And tell the legions, ‘I can never win A soul so easy as that Englishman’s.’ O how hast thou with jealousy infected The sweetness of affiance. Show men dutiful? Why so didst thou. Seem they grave and learned? Why so didst thou. Come they of noble family? Why so didst thou. Seem they religious? Why so didst thou. Or are they spare in diet, Free from gross passion, or of mirth or anger, Constant in spirit, not swerving with the blood, Garnished and decked in modest complement, Not working with the eye without the ear, And but in purged judgement trusting neither? Such, and so finely boulted, didst thou seem. And thus thy fall hath left a kind of blot To mark the full-fraught man, and best endowed, With some suspicion. I will weep for thee, For this revolt of thine methinks is like Another fall of man.—Their faults are open. Arrest them to the answer of the law, And God acquit them of their practices.
EXETER	I arrest thee of high treason, by the name of Richard, Earl of Cambridge.—I arrest thee of high treason, by the name of Henry, Lord Scrope of Masham.—I arrest thee of high treason, by the name of Thomas Grey, knight, of Northumberland.
SCROPE	Our purposes God justly hath discovered, And I repent my fault more than my death, Which I beseech your highness to forgive Although my body pay the price of it.
CAMBRIDGE	For me, the gold of France did not seduce, Although I did admit it as a motive The sooner to effect what I intended. But God be thankèd for prevention, Which heartily in sufferance will rejoice, Beseeching God and you to pardon me.
GREY	Never did faithful subject more rejoice At the discovery of most dangerous treason Than I do at this hour joy o’er myself, Prevented from a damned enterprise. My fault, but not my body, pardon, sovereign.
KING HARRY	God ’quit you in his mercy. Hear your sentence. You have conspired against our royal person, Joined with an enemy proclaimed and fixed, And from his coffers Received the golden earnest of our death, Wherein you would have sold your king to slaughter, His princes and his peers to servitude, His subjects to oppression and contempt, And his whole kingdom into desolation. Touching our person seek we no revenge, But we our kingdom’s safety must so tender, Whose ruin you have sought, that to her laws We do deliver you. Get ye therefore hence, Poor miserable wretches, to your death; The taste whereof, God of his mercy give You patience to endure, and true repentance Of all your dear offences.—Bear them hence.
(didascalia)	Exeunt the traitors, guarded
KING HARRY	Now lords for France, the enterprise whereof Shall be to you, as us, like glorious. We doubt not of a fair and lucky war, Since God so graciously hath brought to light This dangerous treason lurking in our way To hinder our beginnings. We doubt not now But every rub is smoothed on our way. Then forth, dear countrymen. Let us deliver Our puissance into the hand of God, Putting it straight in expedition. Cheerly to sea, the signs of war advance: No king of England, if not king of France.
(didascalia)	Flourish. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Ensign Pistol, Corporal Nim, Lieutenant Bardolph, Boy, and Hostess Quickly
HOSTESS	Prithee, honey, sweet husband, let me bring thee to Staines.
PISTOL	No, for my manly heart doth erne. Bardolph, Be blithe; Nim, rouse thy vaunting veins; boy, bristle Thy courage up. For Falstaff he is dead, And we must earn therefore.
BARDOLPH	Would I were with him, wheresome’er he is, either in heaven or in hell.
HOSTESS	Nay, sure he’s not in hell. He’s in Arthur’s bosom, if ever man went to Arthur’s bosom. A made a finer end, and went away an it had been any christom child. A parted ev’n just between twelve and one, ev’n at the turning o‘th’ tide—for after I saw him fumble with the sheets, and play with flowers, and smile upon his finger’s end, I knew there was but one way. For his nose was as sharp as a pen, and a babbled of green fields. ‘How now, Sir John?’ quoth I. ‘What, man! Be o’ good cheer.’ So a cried out, ‘God, God, God’, three or four times. Now I, to comfort him, bid him a should not think of God; I hoped there was no need to trouble himself with any such thoughts yet. So a bade me lay more clothes on his feet. I put my hand into the bed and felt them, and they were as cold as any stone. Then I felt to his knees, and so up’ard and up’ard, and all was as cold as any stone.
NIM	They say he cried out of sack.
HOSTESS	Ay, that a did.
BARDOLPH	And of women.
HOSTESS	Nay, that a did not.
BOY	Yes, that a did, and said they were devils incarnate.
HOSTESS	A could never abide carnation, ’twas a colour he never liked.
BOY	A said once the devil would have him about women.
HOSTESS	A did in some sort, indeed, handle women—but then he was rheumatic, and talked of the Whore of Babylon.
BOY	Do you not remember, a saw a flea stick upon Bardolph’s nose, and a said it was a black soul burning in hell-fire.
BARDOLPH	Well, the fuel is gone that maintained that fire. That’s all the riches I got in his service.
NIM	Shall we shog? The King will be gone from Southampton.
PISTOL	Come, let’s away.—My love, give me thy lips. He kisses her Look to my chattels and my movables. Let senses rule. The word is ‘Pitch and pay’. Trust none, for oaths are straws, men’s faiths are wafer-cakes, And Holdfast is the only dog, my duck. Therefore caveto be thy counsellor. Go, clear thy crystals.—Yokefellows in arms, Let us to France, like horseleeches, my boys, To suck, to suck, the very blood to suck!
BOY	(aside) And that’s but unwholesome food, they say.
PISTOL	Touch her soft mouth, and march.
BARDOLPH	Farewell, hostess. He kisses her
NIM	I cannot kiss, that is the humour of it, but adieu.
PISTOL	(to Hostess) Let housewifery appear. Keep close, I thee command.
HOSTESS	Farewell! Adieu! Exeunt severally

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Flourish. Enter King Charles the Sixth of France, the Dauphin, the Constable, and the Dukes of Berri and Bourbon
KING CHARLES	Thus comes the English with full power upon us, And more than carefully it us concerns To answer royally in our defences. Therefore the Dukes of Berri and of Bourbon, Of Brabant and of Orléans shall make forth, And you Prince Dauphin, with all swift dispatch To line and new-repair our towns of war With men of courage and with means defendant. For England his approaches makes as fierce As waters to the sucking of a gulf. It fits us then to be as provident As fear may teach us, out of late examples Left by the fatal and neglected English Upon our fields.
DAUPHIN	My most redoubted father, It is most meet we arm us ‘gainst the foe, For peace itself should not so dull a kingdom— Though war, nor no known quarrel, were in question— But that defences, musters, preparations Should be maintained, assembled, and collected As were a war in expectation. Therefore, I say, ’tis meet we all go forth To view the sick and feeble parts of France. And let us do it with no show of fear, No, with no more than if we heard that England Were busied with a Whitsun morris dance. For, my good liege, she is so idly kinged, Her sceptre so fantastically borne By a vain, giddy, shallow, humorous youth, That fear attends her not.
CONSTABLE	O peace, Prince Dauphin. You are too much mistaken in this king. Question your grace the late ambassadors With what great state he heard their embassy, How well supplied with aged counsellors, How modest in exception, and withal How terrible in constant resolution, And you shall find his vanities forespent Were but the outside of the Roman Brutus, Covering discretion with a coat of folly, As gardeners do with ordure hide those roots That shall first spring and be most delicate.
DAUPHIN	Well, ‘tis not so, my Lord High Constable. But though we think it so, it is no matter. In cases of defence ’tis best to weigh The enemy more mighty than he seems. So the proportions of defence are filled— Which, of a weak and niggardly projection, Doth like a miser spoil his coat with scanting A little cloth.
KING CHARLES	Think we King Harry strong. And princes, look you strongly arm to meet him. The kindred of him hath been fleshed upon us, And he is bred out of that bloody strain That haunted us in our familiar paths. Witness our too-much-memorable shame When Crécy battle fatally was struck, And all our princes captived by the hand Of that black name, Edward, Black Prince of Wales, Whiles that his mountant sire, on mountain standing, Up in the air, crowned with the golden sun, Saw his heroical seed and smiled to see him Mangle the work of nature and deface The patterns that by God and by French fathers Had twenty years been made. This is a stem Of that victorious stock, and let us fear The native mightiness and fate of him.
(didascalia)	Enter a Messenger
MESSENGER	Ambassadors from Harry, King of England, Do crave admittance to your majesty.
KING CHARLES	We’ll give them present audience. Go and bring them.
(didascalia)	Exit Messenger
KING CHARLES	You see this chase is hotly followed, friends.
DAUPHIN	Turn head and stop pursuit. For coward dogs Most spend their mouths when what they seem to threaten Runs far before them. Good my sovereign, Take up the English short, and let them know Of what a monarchy you are the head. Self-love, my liege, is not so vile a sin As self-neglecting.
(didascalia)	Enter the Duke of Exeter, attended
KING CHARLES	From our brother England?
EXETER	From him, and thus he greets your majesty: He wills you, in the name of God Almighty, That you divest yourself and lay apart The borrowed glories that by gift of heaven, By law of nature and of nations, ‘longs To him and to his heirs, namely the crown, And all wide-stretched honours that pertain By custom and the ordinance of times Unto the crown of France. That you may know ’Tis no sinister nor no awkward claim, Picked from the worm-holes of long-vanished days, Nor from the dust of old oblivion raked, He sends you this most memorable line, In every branch truly demonstrative, Willing you over-look this pedigree, And when you find him evenly derived From his most famed of famous ancestors, Edward the Third, he bids you then resign Your crown and kingdom, indirectly held From him, the native and true challenger.
KING CHARLES	Or else what follows?
EXETER	Bloody constraint. For if you hide the crown Even in your hearts, there will he rake for it. Therefore in fierce tempest is he coming, In thunder and in earthquake, like a Jove, That if requiring fail, he will compel; And bids you, in the bowels of the Lord, Deliver up the crown, and to take mercy On the poor souls for whom this hungry war Opens his vasty jaws; and on your head Turns he the widows’ tears, the orphans’ cries, The dead men’s blood, the pining maidens’ groans, For husbands, fathers, and betrothed lovers That shall be swallowed in this controversy. This is his claim, his threat’ning, and my message— Unless the Dauphin be in presence here, To whom expressly I bring greeting too.
KING CHARLES	For us, we will consider of this further. Tomorrow shall you bear our full intent Back to our brother England.
DAUPHIN	For the Dauphin, I stand here for him. What to him from England?
EXETER	Scorn and defiance, slight regard, contempt; And anything that may not misbecome The mighty sender, doth he prize you at. Thus says my king: an if your father’s highness Do not, in grant of all demands at large, Sweeten the bitter mock you sent his majesty, He’ll call you to so hot an answer for it That caves and womby vaultages of France Shall chide your trespass and return your mock In second accent of his ordinance.
DAUPHIN	Say if my father render fair return It is against my will, for I desire Nothing but odds with England. To that end, As matching to his youth and vanity, I did present him with the Paris balls.
EXETER	He’ll make your Paris Louvre shake for it, Were it the mistress court of mighty Europe. And be assured, you’ll find a diff’rence, As we his subjects have in wonder found, Between the promise of his greener days And these he masters now: now he weighs time Even to the utmost grain. That you shall read In your own losses, if he stay in France.
(didascalia)	KING CHARLES rising
EXETER	Tomorrow shall you know our mind at full.
(didascalia)	Flourish
EXETER	Dispatch us with all speed, lest that our king Come here himself to question our delay— For he is footed in this land already.
KING CHARLES	You shall be soon dispatched with fair conditions. A night is but small breath and little pause To answer matters of this consequence.
(didascalia)	Flourish. Exeunt
KING CHARLES	3.0 Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Thus with imagined wing our swift scene flies In motion of no less celerity Than that of thought. Suppose that you have seen The well-appointed king at Dover pier Embark his royalty, and his brave fleet With silken streamers the young Phoebus fanning. Play with your fancies, and in them behold Upon the hempen tackle ship-boys climbing; Hear the shrill whistle, which doth order give To sounds confused; behold the threaden sails, Borne with th‘invisible and creeping wind, Draw the huge bottoms through the furrowed sea, Breasting the lofty surge. O do but think You stand upon the rivage and behold A city on th’inconstant billows dancing— For so appears this fleet majestical, Holding due course to Harfleur. Follow, follow! Grapple your minds to sternage of this navy, And leave your England, as dead midnight still, Guarded with grandsires, babies, and old women, Either past or not arrived to pith and puissance. For who is he, whose chin is but enriched With one appearing hair, that will not follow These culled and choice-drawn cavaliers to France? Work, work your thoughts, and therein see a siege. Behold the ordnance on their carriages, With fatal mouths gaping on girded Harfleur. Suppose th’ambassador from the French comes back, Tells Harry that the King doth offer him Catherine his daughter, and with her, to dowry, Some petty and unprofitable dukedoms. The offer likes not, and the nimble gunner With linstock now the devilish cannon touches,
(didascalia)	Alarum, and chambers go off
CHORUS	And down goes all before them. Still be kind, And eke out our performance with your mind. Exit

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Alarum. Enter King Harry and the English army, with scaling ladders
KING HARRY	Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead. In peace there’s nothing so becomes a man As modest stillness and humility, But when the blast of war blows in our ears, Then imitate the action of the tiger. Stiffen the sinews, conjure up the blood, Disguise fair nature with hard-favoured rage. Then lend the eye a terrible aspect, Let it pry through the portage of the head Like the brass cannon, let the brow o‘erwhelm it As fearfully as doth a gallèd rock O’erhang and jutty his confounded base, Swilled with the wild and wasteful ocean. Now set the teeth and stretch the nostril wide, Hold hard the breath, and bend up every spirit To his full height. On, on, you noblest English, Whose blood is fet from fathers of war-proof, Fathers that like so many Alexanders Have in these parts from morn till even fought, And sheathed their swords for lack of argument. Dishonour not your mothers; now attest That those whom you called fathers did beget you. Be copy now to men of grosser blood, And teach them how to war. And you, good yeomen, Whose limbs were made in England, show us here The mettle of your pasture; let us swear That you are worth your breeding—which I doubt not, For there is none of you so mean and base That hath not noble lustre in your eyes. I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips, Straining upon the start. The game’s afoot. Follow your spirit, and upon this charge Cry, ‘God for Harry! England and Saint George!’
(didascalia)	Alarum, and chambers go off. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Nim, Bardolph, Ensign Pistol, and Boy
BARDOLPH	On, on, on, on, oh! To the breach, to the breach!
NIM	Pray thee corporal, stay. The knocks are too hot, and for mine own part I have not a case of lives. The humour of it is too hot, that is the very plainsong of it. 6
PISTOL	’The plainsong’ is most just, for humours do abound. Knocks go and come, God’s vassals drop and die,
(didascalia)	sings And sword and shield
PISTOL	In bloody field Doth win immortal fame.
BOY	Would I were in an alehouse in London. I would give all my fame for a pot of ale, and safety.
(didascalia)	PISTOL sings And I.
BOY	If wishes would prevail with me My purpose should not fail with me But thither would I hie.
(didascalia)	BOY sings As duly
BOY	But not as truly As bird doth sing on bough.
(didascalia)	Enter Captain Fluellen and beats them in
FLUELLEN	God’s plud! Up to the breaches, you dogs! Avaunt, you cullions!
PISTOL	Be merciful, great duke, to men of mould. Abate thy rage, abate thy manly rage, Abate thy rage, great duke. Good bawcock, bate Thy rage. Use lenity, sweet chuck.
(didascalia)	NIM These be good humours! Fluellen begins to beat Nim Your honour runs bad humours.
(didascalia)	Exeunt all but the Boy
BOY	As young as I am, I have observed these three swashers. I am boy to them all three, but all they three, though they should serve me, could not be man to me, for indeed three such antics do not amount to a man. For Bardolph, he is white-livered and red-faced—by the means whereof a faces it out, but fights not. For Pistol, he hath a killing tongue and a quiet sword—by the means whereof a breaks words, and keeps whole weapons. For Nim, he hath heard that men of few words are the best men, and therefore he scorns to say his prayers, lest a should be thought a coward. But his few bad words are matched with as few good deeds—for a never broke any man’s head but his own, and that was against a post, when he was drunk. They will steal anything, and call it ‘purchase’. Bardolph stole a lute case, bore it twelve leagues, and sold it for three halfpence. Nim and Bardolph are sworn brothers in filching, and in Calais they stole a fire shovel. I knew by that piece of service the men would carry coals. They would have me as familiar with men’s pockets as their gloves or their handkerchiefs—which makes much against my manhood, if I should take from another’s pocket to put into mine, for it is plain pocketing up of wrongs. I must leave them, and seek some better service. Their villainy goes against my weak stomach, and therefore I must cast it up. Exit

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captain Gower and Captain Fluellen, meeting
GOWER	Captain Fluellen, you must come presently to the mines. The Duke of Gloucester would speak with you.
FLUELLEN	To the mines? Tell you the Duke it is not so good to come to the mines. For look you, the mines is not according to the disciplines of the war. The concavities of it is not sufficient. For look you, th’thversary, you may discuss unto the Duke, look you, is digt himself, four yard under, the countermines. By Cheshu, I think a will plow up all, if there is not better directions.
GOWER	The Duke of Gloucester, to whom the order of the siege is given, is altogether directed by an Irishman, a very valiant gentleman, i’faith.
FLUELLEN	It is Captain MacMorris, is it not?
GOWER	I think it be.
FLUELLEN	By Cheshu, he is an ass, as in the world. I will verify as much in his beard. He has no more directions in the true disciplines of the wars, look you—of the Roman disciplines—than is a puppy dog.
(didascalia)	Enter Captain MacMorris and Captain Jamy
GOWER	Here a comes, and the Scots captain, Captain Jamy, with him.
FLUELLEN	Captain Jamy is a marvellous falorous gentleman, that is certain, and of great expedition and knowledge in th’anciant wars, upon my particular knowledge of his directions. By Cheshu, he will maintain his argument as well as any military man in the world, in the disciplines of the pristine wars of the Romans.
JAMY	I say gud day, Captain Fluellen.
FLUELLEN	Good e’en to your worship, good Captain James.
GOWER	How now, Captain MacMorris, have you quit the mines? Have the pioneers given o’er?
MACMORRIS	By Chrish law, ‘tish ill done. The work ish give over, the trumpet sound the retreat. By my hand I swear, and my father’s soul, the work ish ill done, it ish give over. I would have blowed up the town, so Chrish save me law, in an hour. O ’tish ill done, ‘tish ill done, by my hand ’tish ill done.
FLUELLEN	Captain MacMorris, I beseech you now, will you vouchsafe me, look you, a few disputations with you, as partly touching or concerning the disciplines of the war, the Roman wars, in the way of argument, look you, and friendly communication? Partly to satisfy my opinion and partly for the satisfaction, look you, of my mind. As touching the direction of the military discipline, that is the point.
JAMY	It sall be vary gud, gud feith, gud captains bath, and I sall quite you with gud leve, as I may pick occasion. That sall I, marry.
MACMORRIS	It is no time to discourse, so Chrish save me. The day is hot, and the weather and the wars and the King and the dukes. It is no time to discourse. The town is besieched. An the trumpet call us to the breach, and we talk and, be Chrish, do nothing, ‘tis shame for us all. So God sa’ me, ’tis shame to stand still, it is shame by my hand. And there is throats to be cut, and works to be done, and there ish nothing done, so Chrish sa’ me law.
JAMY	By the mess, ere these eyes of mine take themselves to slumber, ay’ll de gud service, or I’ll lig i‘th’ grund for it. Ay owe Got a death, and I’ll pay’t as valorously as I may, that sall I suirely do, that is the brief and the long. Marry, I wad full fain heard some question ’tween you twae.
FLUELLEN	Captain MacMorris, I think, look you, under your correction, there is not many of your nation—
MACMORRIS	Of my nation? What ish my nation? Ish a villain and a bastard and a knave and a rascal? What ish my nation? Who talks of my nation?
FLUELLEN	Look you, if you take the matter otherwise than is meant, Captain MacMorris, peradventure I shall think you do not use me with that affability as in discretion you ought to use me, look you, being as good a man as yourself, both in the disciplines of war and in the derivation of my birth, and in other particularities.
MACMORRIS	I do not know you so good a man as myself. So Chrish save me, I will cut off your head.
GOWER	Gentlemen both, you will mistake each other.
JAMY	Ah, that’s a foul fault. A parley is sounded
GOWER	The town sounds a parley.
FLUELLEN	Captain MacMorris, when there is more better opportunity to be required, look you, I will be so bold as to tell you I know the disciplines of war. And there is an end.
(didascalia)	Exit
FLUELLEN	[Flourish.] Enter King Harry and all his train before the gates
KING HARRY	How yet resolves the Governor of the town? This is the latest parle we will admit. Therefore to our best mercy give yourselves, Or like to men proud of destruction Defy us to our worst. For as I am a soldier, A name that in my thoughts becomes me best, If I begin the batt‘ry once again I will not leave the half-achieved Harfleur Till in her ashes she lie buried. The gates of mercy shall be all shut up, And the fleshed soldier, rough and hard of heart, In liberty of bloody hand shall range With conscience wide as hell, mowing like grass Your fresh fair virgins and your flow’ring infants. What is it then to me if impious war Arrayed in flames like to the prince of fiends Do with his smirched complexion all fell feats Enlinked to waste and desolation? What is’t to me, when you yourselves are cause, If your pure maidens fall into the hand Of hot and forcing violation? What rein can hold licentious wickedness When down the hill he holds his fierce career? We may as bootless spend our vain command Upon th‘enragèd soldiers in their spoil As send precepts to the leviathan To come ashore. Therefore, you men of Harfleur, Take pity of your town and of your people Whiles yet my soldiers are in my command, Whiles yet the cool and temperate wind of grace O’erblows the filthy and contagious clouds Of heady murder, spoil, and villainy. If not—why, in a moment look to see The blind and bloody soldier with foul hand Defile the locks of your shrill-shrieking daughters; Your fathers taken by the silver beards, And their most reverend heads dashed to the walls; Your naked infants spitted upon pikes, Whiles the mad mothers with their howls confused Do break the clouds, as did the wives of Jewry At Herod’s bloody-hunting slaughtermen. What say you? Will you yield, and this avoid? Or, guilty in defence, be thus destroyed?
(didascalia)	Enter Governor [on the wall]
GOVERNOR	Our expectation hath this day an end. The Dauphin, whom of succours we entreated, Returns us that his powers are yet not ready To raise so great a siege. Therefore, dread King, We yield our town and lives to thy soft mercy.
(didascalia)	Enter our gates, dispose of us and ours,
GOVERNOR	For we no longer are defensible.
KING HARRY	Open your gates. [Exit Governor] Come, Uncle Exeter, Go you and enter Harfleur. There remain, And fortify it strongly ’gainst the French. Use mercy to them all. For us, dear uncle, The winter coming on, and sickness growing Upon our soldiers, we will retire to Calais. Tonight in Harfleur will we be your guest; Tomorrow for the march are we addressed. [The gates are opened.] Flourish, and they enter the town

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Princess Catherine and Alice, an old gentlewoman
CATHERINE	Alice, tu as été en Angleterre, et tu bien parles le langage.
ALICE	Un peu, madame.
CATHERINE	Je te prie, m‘enseignez. Il faut que j’apprenne à parler. Comment appelez-vous la main en anglais?
ALICE	La main? Elle est appelée de hand.
CATHERINE	De hand. Et les doigts?
ALICE	Les doigts? Ma foi, j‘oublie les doigts, mais je me souviendrai. Les doigts—je pense qu’ils sont appelés de fingres. Oui, de fingres.
CATHERINE	La main, de hand; les doigts, de fingres. Je pense que je suis la bonne écolière; j‘ai gagné deux mots d’anglais vitement. Comment appelez-vous les ongles? ALICE Les ongles? Nous les appelons de nails.
CATHERINE	De nails. Écoutez—dites-moi si je parle bien: de hand, de fingres, et de nails.
ALICE	C’est bien dit, madame. Il est fort bon anglais.
CATHERINE	Dites-moi l’anglais pour le bras.
ALICE	De arma, madame.
CATHERINE	Et le coude?
ALICE	D’elbow.
CATHERINE	D‘elbow. Je m’en fais la repetition de tous les mots que vous m’avez appris dès a present.
ALICE	Il est trop difficile, madame, comme je pense.
CATHERINE	Excusez-moi, Alice. Écoutez: d‘hand, de fingre, de nails, d’arma, de bilbow.
ALICE	D’elbow, madame.
CATHERINE	O Seigneur Dieu, je m‘en oublie! D’elbow. Comment appelez-vous le col?
ALICE	De nick, madame.
CATHERINE	De nick. Et le menton?
ALICE	De chin.
CATHERINE	De sin. Le col, de nick; le menton, de sin.
ALICE	Oui. Sauf votre honneur, en vérité vous prononcez les mots aussi droit que les natifs d’Angleterre.
CATHERINE	Je ne doute point d’apprendre, par la grace de Dieu, et en peu de temps.
ALICE	N’avez-vous y déjà oublié ce que je vous ai enseigné?
CATHERINE	Non, et je réciterai à vous promptement: d’hand, de fingre, de mailès—
ALICE	De nails, madame.
CATHERINE	De nails, de arma, de ilbow—
ALICE	Sauf votre honneur, d’elbow.
CATHERINE	Ainsi dis-je. D’elbow, de nick, et de sin. Comment appelez-vous les pieds et la robe?
ALICE	De foot, madame, et de cown.
CATHERINE	De foot et de cown? O Seigneur Dieu! Ils sont les mots de son mauvais, corruptible, gros, et impudique, et non pour les dames d‘honneur d’user. Je ne voudrais prononcer ces mots devant les seigneurs de France pour tout le monde. Foh! De foot et de cown! Néanmoins, je réciterai une autre fois ma leçon ensemble. D‘hand, de fingre, de nails, d’arma, d’elbow, de nick, de sin, de foot, de cown.
ALICE	Excellent, madame!
CATHERINE	C’est assez pour une fois. Allons-nous à diner.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter King Charles the Sixth of France, the Dauphin, the Constable, the Duke of Bourbon, and others
KING CHARLES	‘Tis certain he hath passed the River Somme.
CONSTABLE	And if he be not fought withal, my lord, Let us not live in France; let us quit all And give our vineyards to a barbarous people.
DAUPHIN	O Dieu vivant! Shall a few sprays of us, The emptying of our fathers’ luxury, Our scions, put in wild and savage stock, Spirt up so suddenly into the clouds And over-look their grafters?
(didascalia)	BOURBON
DAUPHIN	Normans, but bastard Normans, Norman bastards! Mort de ma vie, if they march along Unfought withal, but I will sell my dukedom To buy a slobb’ry and a dirty farm In that nook-shotten isle of Albion.
CONSTABLE	Dieu de batailles! Where have they this mettle? Is not their climate foggy, raw, and dull, On whom as in despite the sun looks pale, Killing their fruit with frowns? Can sodden water, A drench for sur-reined jades—their barley-broth— Decoct their cold blood to such valiant heat? And shall our quick blood, spirited with wine, Seem frosty? O for honour of our land Let us not hang like roping icicles Upon our houses’ thatch, whiles a more frosty people Sweat drops of gallant youth in our rich fields— ‘Poor’ may we call them, in their native lords.
DAUPHIN	By faith and honour, Our madams mock at us and plainly say Our mettle is bred out, and they will give Their bodies to the lust of English youth, To new-store France with bastard warriors.
(didascalia)	BOURBON
DAUPHIN	They bid us, ‘To the English dancing-schools, And teach lavoltas high and swift corantos’— Saying our grace is only in our heels, And that we are most lofty runaways.
KING CHARLES	Where is Montjoy the herald? Speed him hence. Let him greet England with our sharp defiance. Up, princes, and with spirit of honour edged More sharper than your swords, hie to the field. Charles Delabret, High Constable of France, You Dukes of Orléans, Bourbon, and of Berri, Alençon, Brabant, Bar, and Burgundy, Jaques Châtillion, Rambures, Vaudemont, Beaumont, Grandpré, Roussi, and Fauconbridge, Foix, Lestrelles, Boucicault, and Charolais, High dukes, great princes, barons, lords, and knights, For your great seats now quit you of great shames. Bar Harry England, that sweeps through our land With pennons painted in the blood of Harfleur; Rush on his host, as doth the melted snow Upon the valleys, whose low vassal seat The Alps doth spit and void his rheum upon. Go down upon him, you have power enough, And in a captive chariot into Rouen Bring him our prisoner.
CONSTABLE	This becomes the great. Sorry am I his numbers are so few, His soldiers sick and famished in their march, For I am sure when he shall see our army He’ll drop his heart into the sink of fear And, fore achievement, offer us his ransom.
KING CHARLES	Therefore, Lord Constable, haste on Montjoy, And let him say to England that we send To know what willing ransom he will give.— Prince Dauphin, you shall stay with us in Rouen.
DAUPHIN	Not so, I do beseech your majesty.
KING CHARLES	Be patient, for you shall remain with us.— Now forth, Lord Constable, and princes all, And quickly bring us word of England’s fall.
(didascalia)	Exeunt severally

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captains Gower and Fluellen, meeting
GOWER	How now, Captain Fluellen, come you from the bridge?
FLUELLEN	I assure you there is very excellent services committed at the bridge.
GOWER	Is the Duke of Exeter safe?
FLUELLEN	The Duke of Exeter is as magnanimous as Agamemnon, and a man that I love and honour with my soul and my heart and my duty and my live and my living and my uttermost power. He is not, God be praised and blessed, any hurt in the world, but keeps the bridge most valiantly, with excellent discipline. There is an ensign lieutenant there at the pridge, I think in my very conscience he is as valiant a man as Mark Antony, and he is a man of no estimation in the world, but I did see him do as gallant service.
GOWER	What do you call him?
FLUELLEN	He is called Ensign Pistol.
GOWER	I know him not.
(didascalia)	Enter Ensign Pistol
FLUELLEN	Here is the man.
PISTOL	Captain, I thee beseech to do me favours. The Duke of Exeter doth love thee well.
FLUELLEN	Ay, I praise God, and I have merited some love at his hands.
PISTOL	Bardolph, a soldier firm and sound of heart, Of buxom valour, hath by cruel fate And giddy Fortune’s furious fickle wheel, That goddess blind that stands upon the rolling restless stone—
FLUELLEN	By your patience, Ensign Pistol: Fortune is painted blind, with a muffler afore her eyes, to signify to you that Fortune is blind. And she is painted also with a wheel, to signify to you—which is the moral of it—that she is turning and inconstant and mutability and variation. And her foot, look you, is fixed upon a spherical stone, which rolls and rolls and rolls. In good truth, the poet makes a most excellent description of it; Fortune is an excellent moral.
PISTOL	Fortune is Bardolph’s foe and frowns on him, For he hath stol’n a pax, and hangèd must a be. A damned death— Let gallows gape for dog, let man go free, And let not hemp his windpipe suffocate. But Exeter hath given the doom of death For pax of little price. Therefore go speak, the Duke will hear thy voice, And let not Bardolph’s vital thread be cut With edge of penny cord and vile reproach. Speak, captain, for his life, and I will thee requite.
FLUELLEN	Ensign Pistol, I do partly understand your meaning.
PISTOL	Why then rejoice therefor.
FLUELLEN	Certainly, ensign, it is not a thing to rejoice at. For if, look you, he were my brother, I would desire the Duke to use his good pleasure, and put him to executions. For discipline ought to be used.
PISTOL	Die and be damned! and fico for thy friendship.
FLUELLEN	It is Well.
PISTOL	The fig of Spain.
FLUELLEN	Very good.
PISTOL	I say the fig within thy bowels and thy dirty maw.
(didascalia)	Exit
FLUELLEN	Captain Gower, cannot you hear it lighten and thunder?
GOWER	Why, is this the ensign you told me of? I remember him now. A bawd, a cutpurse.
FLUELLEN	I’ll assure you, a uttered as prave words at the pridge as you shall see in a summer’s day. But it is very well. What he has spoke to me, that is well, I warrant you, when time is serve.
GOWER	Why ’tis a gull, a fool, a rogue, that now and then goes to the wars, to grace himself at his return into London under the form of a soldier. And such fellows are perfect in the great commanders’ names, and they will learn you by rote where services were done—at such and such a sconce, at such a breach, at such a convoy, who came off bravely, who was shot, who disgraced, what terms the enemy stood on—and this they con perfectly in the phrase of war, which they trick up with new-tuned oaths. And what a beard of the General’s cut and a horrid suit of the camp will do among foaming bottles and ale-washed wits is wonderful to be thought on. But you must learn to know such slanders of the age, or else you may be marvellously mistook.
FLUELLEN	I tell you what, Captain Gower, I do perceive he is not the man that he would gladly make show to the world he is. If I find a hole in his coat, I will tell him my mind. A drum is heard Hark you, the King is coming, and I must speak with him from the pridge.
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry and his poor soldiers, with drum and colours
FLUELLEN	God pless your majesty.
KING HARRY	How now, Fluellen, com’st thou from the bridge?
FLUELLEN	Ay, so please your majesty. The Duke of Exeter has very gallantly maintained the pridge. The French is gone off, look you, and there is gallant and most prave passages. Marry, th’athversary was have possession of the pridge, but he is enforced to retire, and the Duke of Exeter is master of the pridge. I can tell your majesty, the Duke is a prave man.
KING HARRY	What men have you lost, Fluellen?
FLUELLEN	The perdition of th’athversary hath been very great, reasonable great. Marry, for my part I think the Duke hath lost never a man, but one that is like to be executed for robbing a church, one Bardolph, if your majesty know the man. His face is all bubuncles and whelks and knobs and flames o’ fire, and his lips blows at his nose, and it is like a coal of fire, sometimes plue and sometimes red. But his nose is executed, and his fire’s out.
KING HARRY	We would have all such offenders so cut off, and we here give express charge that in our marches through the country there be nothing compelled from the villages, nothing taken but paid for, none of the French upbraided or abused in disdainful language. For when lenity and cruelty play for a kingdom, the gentler gamester is the soonest winner. Tucket. Enter Montjoy
MONTJOY	You know me by my habit.
KING HARRY	Well then, I know thee. What shall I know of thee?
MONTJOY	My master’s mind.
KING HARRY	Unfold it.
MONTJOY	Thus says my King: ‘Say thou to Harry of England, though we seemed dead, we did but sleep. Advantage is a better soldier than rashness. Tell him, we could have rebuked him at Harfleur, but that we thought not good to bruise an injury till it were full ripe. Now we speak upon our cue, and our voice is imperial. England shall repent his folly, see his weakness, and admire our sufferance. Bid him therefore consider of his ransom, which must proportion the losses we have borne, the subjects we have lost, the disgrace we have digested—which in weight to re-answer, his pettiness would bow under. For our losses, his exchequer is too poor; for th’ffusion of our blood, the muster of his kingdom too faint a number; and for our disgrace, his own person kneeling at our feet but a weak and worthless satisfaction. To this add defiance, and tell him for conclusion he hath betrayed his followers, whose condemnation is pronounced.’ So far my King and master; so much my office.
KING HARRY	What is thy name? I know thy quality.
MONTJOY	Montjoy.
KING HARRY	Thou dost thy office fairly. Turn thee back And tell thy king I do not seek him now, But could be willing to march on to Calais Without impeachment, for to say the sooth— Though ’tis no wisdom to confess so much Unto an enemy of craft and vantage— My people are with sickness much enfeebled, My numbers lessened, and those few I have Almost no better than so many French; Who when they were in health—I tell thee herald, I thought upon one pair of English legs Did march three Frenchmen. Yet forgive me, God, That I do brag thus. This your air of France Hath blown that vice in me. I must repent. Go, therefore, tell thy master here I am; My ransom is this frail and worthless trunk, My army but a weak and sickly guard. Yet, God before, tell him we will come on, Though France himself and such another neighbour Stand in our way. There’s for thy labour, Montjoy. Go bid thy master well advise himself. If we may pass, we will; if we be hindered, We shall your tawny ground with your red blood Discolour. And so, Montjoy, fare you well. The sum of all our answer is but this: We would not seek a battle as we are, Nor as we are we say we will not shun it. So tell your master.
MONTJOY	I shall deliver so. Thanks to your highness. Exit
GLOUCESTER	I hope they will not come upon us now.
KING HARRY	We are in God’s hand, brother, not in theirs. March to the bridge. It now draws toward night. Beyond the river we’ll encamp ourselves, And on tomorrow bid them march away. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Constable, Lord Rambures, the Dukes of Orléans and Bourbon, with others
CONSTABLE	Tut, I have the best armour of the world. Would it were day.
ORLEANS	You have an excellent armour. But let my horse have his due.
CONSTABLE	It is the best horse of Europe. ORLÉANS Will it never be morning?
(didascalia)	BOURBON My lord of Orléans and my Lord High Constable, you talk of horse and armour?
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS You are as well provided of both as any prince in the world.
(didascalia)	BOURBON What a long night is this! I will not change my horse with any that treads but on four pasterns. Ah ha! He bounds from the earth as if his entrails were hares-le cheval volant, the Pegasus, qui a les narines de feu! When I bestride him, I soar, I am a hawk; he trots the air, the earth sings when he touches it, the basest horn of his hoof is more musical than the pipe of Hermes.
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS He’s of the colour of the nutmeg.
(didascalia)	BOURBON And of the heat of the ginger. It is a beast for Perseus. He is pure air and fire, and the dull elements of earth and water never appear in him, but only in patient stillness while his rider mounts him. He is indeed a horse, and all other jades you may call beasts.
CONSTABLE	Indeed, my lord, it is a most absolute and excellent horse.
(didascalia)	BOURBON It is the prince of palfreys. His neigh is like the bidding of a monarch, and his countenance enforces homage.
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS No more, cousin.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Nay, the man hath no wit, that cannot from the rising of the lark to the lodging of the lamb vary deserved praise on my palfrey. It is a theme as fluent as the sea. Turn the sands into eloquent tongues, and my horse is argument for them all. ‘Tis a subject for a sovereign to reason on, and for a sovereign’s sovereign to ride on, and for the world, familiar to us and unknown, to lay apart their particular functions, and wonder at him. I once writ a sonnet in his praise, and began thus: ‘Wonder of nature!—’
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS I have heard a sonnet begin so to one’s mistress.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Then did they imitate that which I composed to my courser, for my horse is my mistress.
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS Your mistress bears well.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Me well, which is the prescribed praise and perfection of a good and particular mistress.
CONSTABLE	Nay, for methought yesterday your mistress shrewdly shook your back.
(didascalia)	BOURBON So perhaps did yours.
CONSTABLE	Mine was not bridled.
(didascalia)	BOURBON O then belike she was old and gentle, and you rode like a kern of Ireland, your French hose off, and in your strait strossers.
CONSTABLE	You have good judgement in horsemanship.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Be warned by me then: they that ride so, and ride not warily, fall into foul bogs. I had rather have my horse to my mistress.
CONSTABLE	I had as lief have my mistress a jade.
(didascalia)	BOURBON I tell thee, Constable, my mistress wears his own hair.
CONSTABLE	I could make as true a boast as that, if I had a sow to my mistress.
(didascalia)	BOURBON ‛Le chien est retourné à son propre vomissement, et la truie lavée au bourbier.’ Thou makest use of anything.
CONSTABLE	Yet do I not use my horse for my mistress, or any such proverb so little kin to the purpose.
RAMBURES	My Lord Constable, the armour that I saw in your tent tonight, are those stars or suns upon it?
CONSTABLE	Stars, my lord.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Some of them will fall tomorrow, I hope.
CONSTABLE	And yet my sky shall not want.
(didascalia)	BOURBON That may be, for you bear a many superfluously, and ’twere more honour some were away.
CONSTABLE	Even as your horse bears your praises, who would trot as well were some of your brags dismounted.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Would I were able to load him with his desert! Will it never be day? I will trot tomorrow a mile, and my way shall be paved with English faces.
CONSTABLE	I will not say so, for fear I should be faced out of my way. But I would it were morning, for I would fain be about the ears of the English.
RAMBURES	Who will go to hazard with me for twenty prisoners?
CONSTABLE	You must first go yourself to hazard, ere you have them.
(didascalia)	BOURBON ’Tis midnight. I’ll go arm myself. Exit
CONSTABLE	ORLÉANS The Duke of Bourbon longs for morning.
RAMBURES	He longs to eat the English.
CONSTABLE	I think he will eat all he kills. ORLÉANS By the white hand of my lady, he’s a gallant prince.
CONSTABLE	Swear by her foot, that she may tread out the oath. ORLÉANS He is simply the most active gentleman of France.
CONSTABLE	Doing is activity, and he will still be doing. ORLÉANS He never did harm that I heard of.
CONSTABLE	Nor will do none tomorrow. He will keep that good name still. ORLÉANS I know him to be valiant.
CONSTABLE	I was told that by one that knows him better than you. ORLÉANS What’s he?
CONSTABLE	Marry, he told me so himself, and he said he cared not who knew it. ORLÉANS He needs not; it is no hidden virtue in him.
CONSTABLE	By my faith, sir, but it is. Never anybody saw it but his lackey. ’Tis a hooded valour, and when it appears it will bate. ORLÉANS ‘Ill will never said well.’ no
CONSTABLE	I will cap that proverb with ‘There is flattery in friendship.’ ORLÉANS And I will take up that with ‘Give the devil his due.’
CONSTABLE	Well placed! There stands your friend for the devil. Have at the very eye of that proverb with ‘A pox of the devil!’ ORLÉANS You are the better at proverbs by how much ‘a fool’s bolt is soon shot’.
CONSTABLE	You have shot over. ORLÉANS ’Tis not the first time you were overshot. Enter a Messenger
MESSENGER	My Lord High Constable, the English lie within fifteen hundred paces of your tents.
CONSTABLE	Who hath measured the ground?
MESSENGER	The Lord Grandpré.
CONSTABLE	A valiant and most expert gentleman.
(didascalia)	Exit Messenger
CONSTABLE	Would it were day! Alas, poor Harry of England. He longs not for the dawning as we do. ORLÉANS What a wretched and peevish fellow is this King of England, to mope with his fat-brained followers so far out of his knowledge.
CONSTABLE	If the English had any apprehension, they would run away. ORLÉANS That they lack—for if their heads had any intellectual armour, they could never wear such heavy headpieces.
RAMBURES	That island of England breeds very valiant creatures. Their mastiffs are of unmatchable courage. ORLÉANS Foolish curs, that run winking into the mouth of a Russian bear, and have their heads crushed like rotten apples. You may as well say, ‘That’s a valiant flea that dare eat his breakfast on the lip of a lion.’
CONSTABLE	Just, just. And the men do sympathize with the mastiffs in robustious and rough coming on, leaving their wits with their wives. And then, give them great meals of beef, and iron and steel, they will eat like wolves and fight like devils. ORLÉANS Ay, but these English are shrewdly out of beef.
CONSTABLE	Then shall we find tomorrow they have only stomachs to eat, and none to fight. Now is it time to arm. Come, shall we about it? ORLÉANS It is now two o’clock. But let me see—by ten We shall have each a hundred Englishmen.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Now entertain conjecture of a time When creeping murmur and the poring dark Fills the wide vessel of the universe. From camp to camp through the foul womb of night The hum of either army stilly sounds, That the fixed sentinels almost receive The secret whispers of each other’s watch. Fire answers fire, and through their paly flames Each battle sees the other’s umbered face. Steed threatens steed, in high and boastful neighs Piercing the night’s dull ear, and from the tents The armourers, accomplishing the knights, With busy hammers closing rivets up, Give dreadful note of preparation. The country cocks do crow, the clocks do toll And the third hour of drowsy morning name. Proud of their numbers and secure in soul, The confident and overlusty French Do the low-rated English play at dice, And chide the cripple tardy-gaited night, Who like a foul and ugly witch doth limp So tediously away. The poor condemned English, Like sacrifices, by their watchful fires Sit patiently and inly ruminate The morning’s danger; and their gesture sad, Investing lank lean cheeks and war-worn coats, Presented them unto the gazing moon So many horrid ghosts. O now, who will behold The royal captain of this ruined band Walking from watch to watch, from tent to tent, Let him cry, ‘Praise and glory on his head!’ For forth he goes and visits all his host, Bids them good morrow with a modest smile And calls them brothers, friends, and countrymen. Upon his royal face there is no note How dread an army hath enrounded him; Nor doth he dedicate one jot of colour Unto the weary and all-watchèd night, But freshly looks and overbears attaint With cheerful semblance and sweet majesty, That every wretch, pining and pale before, Beholding him, plucks comfort from his looks. A largess universal, like the sun, His liberal eye doth give to everyone, Thawing cold fear, that mean and gentle all Behold, as may unworthiness define, A little touch of Harry in the night. And so our scene must to the battle fly, Where O for pity, we shall much disgrace, With four or five most vile and ragged foils, Right ill-disposed in brawl ridiculous, The name of Agincourt. Yet sit and see, Minding true things by what their mock’ries be. Exit

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry and the Duke of Gloucester, then the Duke of Clarence
KING HARRY	Gloucester, ’tis true that we are in great danger; The greater therefore should our courage be. Good morrow, brother Clarence. God Almighty! There is some soul of goodness in things evil, Would men observingly distil it out— For our bad neighbour makes us early stirrers, Which is both healthful and good husbandry. Besides, they are our outward consciences, And preachers to us all, admonishing That we should dress us fairly for our end. Thus may we gather honey from the weed And make a moral of the devil himself.
(didascalia)	Enter Sir Thomas Erpingham
KING HARRY	Good morrow, old Sir Thomas Erpingham. A good soft pillow for that good white head Were better than a churlish turf of France.
ERPINGHAM	Not so, my liege. This lodging likes me better, Since I may say, ‘Now lie I like a king.’
KING HARRY	’Tis good for men to love their present pains Upon example. So the spirit is eased, And when the mind is quickened, out of doubt The organs, though defunct and dead before, Break up their drowsy grave and newly move With casted slough and fresh legerity. Lend me thy cloak, Sir Thomas. He puts on Erpingham’s cloak Brothers both, Commend me to the princes in our camp. Do my good morrow to them, and anon Desire them all to my pavilion.
GLOUCESTER	We shall, my liege.
ERPINGHAM	Shall I attend your grace?
KING HARRY	No, my good knight. Go with my brothers to my lords of England. I and my bosom must debate awhile, And then I would no other company.
ERPINGHAM	The Lord in heaven bless thee, noble Harry.
KING HARRY	God-a-mercy, old heart, thou speak’st cheerfully.
(didascalia)	Exeunt all but King Harry
(didascalia)	Enter Pistol to him
PISTOL	Qui vous là?
KING HARRY	A friend.
PISTOL	Discuss unto me: art thou officer, Or art thou base, common, and popular?
KING HARRY	I am a gentleman of a company.
PISTOL	Trail’st thou the puissant pike?
KING HARRY	Even so. What are you?
PISTOL	As good a gentleman as the Emperor.
KING HARRY	Then you are a better than the King.
PISTOL	The King’s a bawcock and a heart-of-gold, A lad of life, an imp of fame, Of parents good, of fist most valiant. I kiss his dirty shoe, and from heartstring I love the lovely bully. What is thy name?
KING HARRY	Harry le roi.
PISTOL	Leroi? A Cornish name. Art thou of Cornish crew?
KING HARRY	No, I am a Welshman.
PISTOL	Know’st thou Fluellen?
KING HARRY	Yes.
PISTOL	Tell him I’ll knock his leek about his pate Upon Saint Davy’s day.
KING HARRY	Do not you wear your dagger in your cap that day, lest he knock that about yours.
PISTOL	Art thou his friend?
KING HARRY	And his kinsman too.
PISTOL	The fico for thee then.
KING HARRY	I thank you. God be with you.
PISTOL	My name is Pistol called.
KING HARRY	It sorts well with your fierceness.
(didascalia)	Exit Pistol Enter Captains Fluellen and Gower severally. King Harry stands apart
GOWER	Captain Fluellen!
FLUELLEN	So! In the name of Jesu Christ, speak fewer. It is the greatest admiration in the universal world, when the true and ancient prerogatifs and laws of the wars is not kept. If you would take the pains but to examine the wars of Pompey the Great, you shall find, I warrant you, that there is no tiddle-taddle nor pibble-babble in Pompey’s camp. I warrant you, you shall find the ceremonies of the wars, and the cares of it, and the forms of it, and the sobriety of it, and the modesty of it, to be otherwise.
GOWER	Why, the enemy is loud. You hear him all night.
FLUELLEN	If the enemy is an ass and a fool and a prating coxcomb, is it meet, think you, that we should also, look you, be an ass and a fool and a prating coxcomb? In your own conscience now?
GOWER	I will speak lower.
FLUELLEN	I pray you and beseech you that you will.
(didascalia)	Exeunt Fluellen and Gower
KING HARRY	Though it appear a little out of fashion, There is much care and valour in this Welshman.
(didascalia)	Enter three soldiers: John Bates, Alexander Court, and Michael Williams
COURT	Brother John Bates, is not that the morning which breaks yonder?
BATES	I think it be. But we have no great cause to desire the approach of day.
WILLIAM	We see yonder the beginning of the day, but I think we shall never see the end of it.—Who goes there?
KING HARRY	A friend.
WILLIAM	Under what captain serve you?
KING HARRY	Under Sir Thomas Erpingham.
WILLIAM	A good old commander and a most kind gentleman. I pray you, what thinks he of our estate?
KING HARRY	Even as men wrecked upon a sand, that look to be washed off the next tide.
BATES	He hath not told his thought to the King?
KING HARRY	No, nor it is not meet he should. For though I speak it to you, I think the King is but a man, as I am. The violet smells to him as it doth to me; the element shows to him as it doth to me. All his senses have but human conditions. His ceremonies laid by, in his nakedness he appears but a man, and though his affections are higher mounted than ours, yet when they stoop, they stoop with the like wing. Therefore, when he sees reason of fears, as we do, his fears, out of doubt, be of the same relish as ours are. Yet, in reason, no man should possess him with any appearance of fear, lest he, by showing it, should dishearten his army.
BATES	He may show what outward courage he will, but I believe, as cold a night as ’tis, he could wish himself in Thames up to the neck. And so I would he were, and I by him, at all adventures, so we were quit here.
KING HARRY	By my troth, I will speak my conscience of the King. I think he would not wish himself anywhere but where he is.
BATES	Then I would he were here alone. So should he be sure to be ransomed, and a many poor men’s lives saved.
KING HARRY	I dare say you love him not so ill to wish him here alone, howsoever you speak this to feel other men’s minds. Methinks I could not die anywhere so contented as in the King’s company, his cause being just and his quarrel honourable.
WILLIAMS	That’s more than we know.
BATES	Ay, or more than we should seek after. For we know enough if we know we are the King’s subjects. If his cause be wrong, our obedience to the King wipes the crime of it out of us.
WILLIAMS	But if the cause be not good, the King himself hath a heavy reckoning to make, when all those legs and arms and heads chopped off in a battle shall join together at the latter day, and cry all, ‘We died at such a ptace’—some swearing, some crying for a surgeon, some upon their wives left poor behind them, some upon the debts they owe, some upon their children rawly left. I am afeard there are few die well that die in a battle, for how can they charitably dispose of anything, when blood is their argument? Now, if these men do not die well, it will be a black matter for the King that led them to it—who to disobey were against all proportion of subjection.
KING HARRY	So, if a son that is by his father sent about merchandise do sinfully miscarry upon the sea, the imputation of his wickedness, by your rule, should be imposed upon his father, that sent him. Or if a servant, under his master’s command transporting a sum of money, be assailed by robbers, and die in many irreconciled iniquities, you may call the business of the master the author of the servant’s damnation. But this is not so. The King is not bound to answer the particular endings of his soldiers, the father of his son, nor the master of his servant, for they purpose not their deaths when they propose their services. Besides, there is no king, be his cause never so spotless, if it come to the arbitrament of swords, can try it out with all unspotted soldiers. Some, peradventure, have on them the guilt of premeditated and contrived murder; some, of beguiling virgins with the broken seals of perjury; some, making the wars their bulwark, that have before gored the gentle bosom of peace with pillage and robbery. Now, if these men have defeated the law and outrun native punishment, though they can outstrip men, they have no wings to fly from God. War is his beadle. War is his vengeance. So that here men are punished for before-breach of the King’s laws, in now the King’s quarrel. Where they feared the death, they have borne life away; and where they would be safe, they perish. Then if they die unprovided, no more is the King guilty of their damnation than he was before guilty of those impieties for the which they are now visited. Every subject’s duty is the King’s, but every subject’s soul is his own. Therefore should every soldier in the wars do as every sick man in his bed: wash every mote out of his conscience. And dying so, death is to him advantage; or not dying, the time was blessedly lost wherein such preparation was gained. And in him that escapes, it were not sin to think that, making God so free an offer, he let him outlive that day to see his greatness and to teach others how they should prepare.
(didascalia)	BATES ’Tis certain, every man that dies ill, the ill upon his own head. The King is not to answer it. I do not desire he should answer for me, and yet I determine to fight lustily for him.
KING HARRY	I myself heard the King say he would not be ransomed.
WILLIAMS	Ay, he said so, to make us fight cheerfully, but when our throats are cut he may be ransomed, and we ne’er the wiser.
KING HARRY	If I live to see it, I will never trust his word after.
WILLIAMS	You pay him then! That’s a perilous shot out of an elder-gun, that a poor and a private displeasure can do against a monarch. You may as well go about to turn the sun to ice with fanning in his face with a peacock’s feather. You’ll never trust his word after! Come, ’tis a foolish saying.
KING HARRY	Your reproof is something too round. I should be angry with you, if the time were convenient.
WILLIAMS	Let it be a quarrel between us, if you live.
KING HARRY	I embrace it.
WILLIAM	How shall I know thee again?
KING HARRY	Give me any gage of thine, and I will wear it in my bonnet. Then if ever thou darest acknowledge it, I will make it my quarrel.
WILLIAMS	Here’s my glove. Give me another of thine.
KING HARRY	There. They exchange gloves
WILLIAM	This will I also wear in my cap. If ever thou come to me and say, after tomorrow, ‘This is my glove’, by this hand I will take thee a box on the ear.
KING HARRY	If ever I live to see it, I will challenge it.
WILLIAM	Thou darest as well be hanged.
KING HARRY	Well, I will do it, though I take thee in the King’s company.
WILLIAMS	Keep thy word. Fare thee well.
BATES	Be friends, you English fools, be friends. We have French quarrels enough, if you could tell how to reckon.
KING HARRY	Indeed, the French may lay twenty French crowns to one they will beat us, for they bear them on their shoulders. But it is no English treason to cut French crowns, and tomorrow the King himself will be a clipper. Exeunt soldiers Upon the King. ‘Let us our lives, our souls, our debts, our care-full wives, Our children, and our sins, lay on the King.’ We must bear all. O hard condition, Twin-born with greatness: subject to the breath Of every fool, whose sense no more can feel But his own wringing. What infinite heartsease Must kings neglect that private men enjoy? And what have kings that privates have not too, Save ceremony, save general ceremony? And what art thou, thou idol ceremony? What kind of god art thou, that suffer‘st more Of mortal griefs than do thy worshippers? What are thy rents? What are thy comings-in? O ceremony, show me but thy worth. What is thy soul of adoration? Art thou aught else but place, degree, and form, Creating awe and fear in other men? Wherein thou art less happy, being feared, Than they in fearing. What drink’st thou oft, instead of homage sweet, But poisoned flattery? O be sick, great greatness, And bid thy ceremony give thee cure. Think‘st thou the fiery fever will go out With titles blown from adulation? Will it give place to flexure and low bending? Canst thou, when thou command’st the beggar’s knee, Command the health of it? No, thou proud dream That play‘st so subtly with a king’s repose; I am a king that find thee, and I know ’Tis not the balm, the sceptre, and the ball, The sword, the mace, the crown imperial, The intertissued robe of gold and pearl, The farced title running fore the king, The throne he sits on, nor the tide of pomp That beats upon the high shore of this world—No, not all these, thrice-gorgeous ceremony, Not all these, laid in bed majestical, Can sleep so soundly as the wretched slave Who with a body filled and vacant mind Gets him to rest, crammed with distressful bread; Never sees horrid night, the child of hell, But like a lackey from the rise to set Sweats in the eye of Phoebus, and all night Sleeps in Elysium; next day, after dawn Doth rise and help Hyperion to his horse, And follows so the ever-running year With profitable labour to his grave. And but for ceremony such a wretch, Winding up days with toil and nights with sleep, Had the forehand and vantage of a king. The slave, a member of the country’s peace, Enjoys it, but in gross brain little wots What watch the King keeps to maintain the peace, Whose hours the peasant best advantages. Enter Sir Thomas Erpingham
ERPINGHAM	My lord, your nobles, jealous of your absence, Seek through your camp to find you.
KING HARRY	Good old knight, Collect them all together at my tent. I’ll be before thee.
ERPINGHAM	I shall do’t, my lord. Exit
KING HARRY	O God of battles, steel my soldiers’ hearts. Possess them not with fear. Take from them now The sense of reck‘ning, ere th’opposèd numbers Pluck their hearts from them. Not today, O Lord, O not today, think not upon the fault My father made in compassing the crown. I Richard’s body have interred new, And on it have bestowed more contrite tears Than from it issued forced drops of blood. Five hundred poor have I in yearly pay Who twice a day their withered hands hold up Toward heaven to pardon blood. And I have built Two chantries, where the sad and solemn priests Sing still for Richard’s soul. More will I do, Though all that I can do is nothing worth, Since that my penitence comes after ill, Imploring pardon.
(didascalia)	Enter the Duke of Gloucester
GLOUCESTER	My liege.
KING HARRY	My brother Gloucester’s voice? Ay. I know thy errand, I will go with thee. The day, my friends, and all things stay for me.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Dukes of Bourbonand Orléans, and Lord
(didascalia)	Rambures ORLÉANS The sun doth gild our armour. Up, my lords!
(didascalia)	BOURBONMonte cheval! My horse! Varlet, lacquais! Ha!
(didascalia)	ORLÉANS O brave spirit!
(didascalia)	BOURBON Via les eaux et terre!
(didascalia)	ORLÉANS Rien plus? L’air et feu!
(didascalia)	BOURBON Cieux, cousin Orléans!
(didascalia)	Enter the Constable
(didascalia)	Now, my Lord Constable!
CONSTABLE	Hark how our steeds for present service neigh.
(didascalia)	BOURBON
CONSTABLE	Mount them and make incision in their hides, That their hot blood may spin in English eyes And dout them with superfluous courage. Ha!
RAMBURES	What, will you have them weep our horses’ blood? How shall we then behold their natural tears?
(didascalia)	Enter a Messenger
MESSENGER	The English are embattled, you French peers.
CONSTABLE	To horse, you gallant princes, straight to horse! Do but behold yon poor and starved band, And your fair show shall suck away their souls, Leaving them but the shells and husks of men. There is not work enough for all our hands, Scarce blood enough in all their sickly veins To give each naked curtal-axe a stain That our French gallants shall today draw out And sheathe for lack of sport. Let us but blow on them, The vapour of our valour will o‘erturn them. ’Tis positive ’gainst all exceptions, lords, That our superfluous lackeys and our peasants, Who in unnecessary action swarm About our squares of battle, were enough To purge this field of such a hilding foe, Though we upon this mountain’s basis by Took stand for idle speculation, But that our honours must not. What’s to say? A very little little let us do And all is done. Then let the trumpets sound The tucket sonance and the note to mount, For our approach shall so much dare the field That England shall couch down in fear and yield.
(didascalia)	Enter Lord Grandpré
CONSTABLE	GRANDPRÉ Why do you stay so long, my lords of France? Yon island carrions, desperate of their bones, Ill-favouredly become the morning field. Their ragged curtains poorly are let loose And our air shakes them passing scornfully. Big Mars seems bankrupt in their beggared host And faintly through a rusty beaver peeps. The horsemen sit like fixed candlesticks With torchstaves in their hands, and their poor jades Lob down their heads, drooping the hides and hips, The gum down-roping from their pale dead eyes, And in their palled dull mouths the gimmaled bit Lies foul with chewed grass, still and motionless. And their executors, the knavish crows, Fly o’er them all impatient for their hour. Description cannot suit itself in words To demonstrate the life of such a battle In life so lifeless as it shows itself.
CONSTABLE	They have said their prayers, and they stay for death.
(didascalia)	BOURBON
CONSTABLE	Shall we go send them dinners and fresh suits And give their fasting horses provender, And after fight with them?
CONSTABLE	I stay but for my guidon. To the field! I will the banner from a trumpet take And use it for my haste. Come, come away! The sun is high, and we outwear the day. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Dukes of Gloucester, Clarence, and Exeter, the Earls of Salisbury and Warwick, and Sir Thomas Erpingham, with all the host
GLOUCESTER	Where is the King?
(didascalia)	CLARENCE
GLOUCESTER	The King himself is rode to view their battle. [WARWICK] Of fighting men they have full threescore thousand.
EXETER	There’s five to one. Besides, they all are fresh.
SALISBURY	God’s arm strike with us! ‘Tis a fearful odds. God b’wi’ you, princes all. I’ll to my charge. If we no more meet till we meet in heaven, Then joyfully, my noble Lord of Clarence, My dear Lord Gloucester, and my good Lord Exeter, And (to Warwick) my kind kinsman, warriors all, adieu.
(didascalia)	CLARENCE
SALISBURY	Farewell, good Salisbury, and good luck go with thee.
EXETER	Farewell, kind lord. Fight valiantly today— And yet I do thee wrong to mind thee of it, For thou art framed of the firm truth of valour.
(didascalia)	Exit Salisbury
(didascalia)	CLARENCE
EXETER	He is as full of valour as of kindness, Princely in both.
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry, behind
(didascalia)	WARWICK
EXETER	O that we now had here But one ten thousand of those men in England That do no work today.
KING HARRY	What’s he that wishes so? My cousin Warwick? No, my fair cousin. If we are marked to die, we are enough To do our country loss; and if to live, The fewer men, the greater share of honour. God’s will, I pray thee wish not one man more. By Jove, I am not covetous for gold, Nor care I who doth feed upon my cost; It ernes me not if men my garments wear; Such outward things dwell not in my desires. But if it be a sin to covet honour I am the most offending soul alive. No, faith, my coz, wish not a man from England. God’s peace, I would not lose so great an honour As one man more methinks would share from me For the best hope I have. O do not wish one more. Rather proclaim it presently through my host That he which hath no stomach to this fight, Let him depart. His passport shall be made And crowns for convoy put into his purse. We would not die in that man’s company That fears his fellowship to die with us. This day is called the Feast of Crispian. He that outlives this day and comes safe home Will stand a-tiptoe when this day is named And rouse him at the name of Crispian. He that shall see this day and live t‘old age Will yearly on the vigil feast his neighbours And say, ’Tomorrow is Saint Crispian.’ Then will he strip his sleeve and show his scars And say, ’These wounds I had on Crispin’s day.’ Old men forget; yet all shall be forgot, But he’ll remember, with advantages, What feats he did that day. Then shall our names, Familiar in his mouth as household words— Harry the King, Bedford and Exeter, Warwick and Talbot, Salisbury and Gloucester— Be in their flowing cups freshly remembered. This story shall the good man teach his son, And Crispin Crispian shall ne’er go by From this day to the ending of the world But we in it shall be remembered, We few, we happy few, we band of brothers. For he today that sheds his blood with me Shall be my brother; be he ne’er so vile, This day shall gentle his condition. And gentlemen in England now abed Shall think themselves accursed they were not here, And hold their manhoods cheap whiles any speaks That fought with us upon Saint Crispin’s day.
(didascalia)	Enter the Earl of Salisbury
SALISBURY	My sovereign lord, bestow yourself with speed. The French are bravely in their battles set And will with all expedience charge on us.
KING HARRY	All things are ready if our minds be so.
(didascalia)	WARWICK Perish the man whose mind is backward now.
KING HARRY	Thou dost not wish more help from England, coz?
(didascalia)	WARWICK
KING HARRY	God’s will, my liege, would you and I alone, Without more help, could fight this royal battle.
KING HARRY	Why now thou hast unwished five thousand men, Which likes me better than to wish us one.— You know your places. God be with you all.
(didascalia)	Tucket. Enter Montjoy
MONTJOY	Once more I come to know of thee, King Harry, If for thy ransom thou wilt now compound Before thy most assured overthrow. For certainly thou art so near the gulf Thou needs must be englutted. Besides, in mercy The Constable desires thee thou wilt mind Thy followers of repentance, that their souls May make a peaceful and a sweet retire From off these fields where, wretches, their poor bodies Must lie and fester.
KING HARRY	Who hath sent thee now?
MONTJOY	The Constable of France.
KING HARRY	I pray thee bear my former answer back. Bid them achieve me, and then sell my bones. Good God, why should they mock poor fellows thus? The man that once did sell the lion’s skin While the beast lived, was killed with hunting him. 95 A many of our bodies shall no doubt Find native graves, upon the which, I trust, Shall witness live in brass of this day’s work. And those that leave their valiant bones in France, Dying like men, though buried in your dunghills They shall be famed. For there the sun shall greet them And draw their honours reeking up to heaven, Leaving their earthly parts to choke your clime, The smell whereof shall breed a plague in France. Mark then abounding valour in our English, That, being dead, like to the bullets grazing Break out into a second course of mischief, Killing in relapse of mortality. Let me speak proudly. Tell the Constable We are but warriors for the working day. Our gayness and our gilt are all besmirched With rainy marching in the painful field. There’s not a piece of feather in our host— Good argument, I hope, we will not fly— And time hath worn us into slovenry. But by the mass, our hearts are in the trim. And my poor soldiers tell me, yet ere night They’ll be in fresher robes, as they will pluck The gay new coats o‘er your French soldiers’ heads, And turn them out of service. If they do this— As if God please, they shall—my ransom then Will soon be levied. Herald, save thou thy labour. Come thou no more for ransom, gentle herald. They shall have none, I swear, but these my joints— Which if they have as I will leave ’em them, Shall yield them little. Tell the Constable.
MONTJOY	I shall, King Harry. And so fare thee well. Thou never shalt hear herald any more.
KING HARRY	I fear thou wilt once more come for a ransom.
(didascalia)	Exit Montjoy
(didascalia)	Enter the Duke of York
YORK	My lord, most humbly on my knee I beg The leading of the vanguard.
KING HARRY	Take it, brave York.—Now soldiers, march away, And how thou pleasest, God, dispose the day. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Alarum. Excursions. Enter Pistol, a French soldier, and the Boy
PISTOL	Yield, cur.
FRENCH SOLDIER	je pense que vous êtes le gentilhomme de bon qualité.
PISTOL	Qualité? ‘Calin o custure me!’ Art thou a gentleman? What is thy name? Discuss.
FRENCH SOLDIER	O Seigneur Dieu!
(didascalia)	PISTOL aside
FRENCH SOLDIER	O Seigneur Dew should be a gentleman.— Perpend my words, O Seigneur Dew, and mark: O Seigneur Dew, thou diest, on point of fox, Except, O Seigneur, thou do give to me Egregious ransom.
FRENCH SOLDIER	O prenez miséricorde! Ayez pitie de moi!
PISTOL	‘Moy’ shall not serve, I will have forty ‘moys’, Or I will fetch thy rim out at thy throat In drops of crimson blood.
FRENCH SOLDIER	Est-il impossible d’échapper la force de ton bras?
PISTOL	Brass, cur? Thou damned and luxurious mountain goat, Offer’st me brass?
FRENCH SOLDIER	O pardonne-moi!
PISTOL	Sayst thou me so? Is that a ton of moys?— Come hither boy. Ask me this slave in French What is his name.
BOY	Écoutez: comment êtes-vous appelé?
FRENCH SOLDIER	Monsieur le Fer.
BOY	He says his name is Master Fer.
PISTOL	Master Fer? I’ll fer him, and firk him, and ferret him. Discuss the same in French unto him.
BOY	I do not know the French for fer and ferret and firk.
PISTOL	Bid him prepare, for I will cut his throat.
FRENCH SOLDIER	Que dit-il, monsieur?
BOY	Il me commande à vous dire que vous faites vous prêt, car ce soldat ici est dispose tout à cette heure de couper votre gorge. 35
PISTOL	Oui, couper la gorge, par ma foi, Peasant, unless thou give me crowns, brave crowns; Or mangled shalt thou be by this my sword.
FRENCH SOLDIER	O je vous supplie, pour l’amour de Dieu, me pardonner. Je suis le gentilhomme de bonne maison. Gardez ma vie, et je vous donnerai deux cents écus.
PISTOL	What are his words?
BOY	He prays you to save his life. He is a gentleman of a good house, and for his ransom he will give you two hundred crowns.
PISTOL	Tell him, my fury shall abate, and I the crowns will take.
FRENCH SOLDIER	Petit monsieur, que dit-il?
BOY	Encore qu’il est centre son jurement de pardonner aucun prisonnier; neanmoins, pour les ecus que vous lui ci promettez, il est content à vous donner la liberté, le franchisement.
FRENCH SOLDIER	(kneeling to Pistol) Sur mes genoux je vous donne mille remerciements, et je m‘estime heureux que j’ai tombe entre les mains d‘un chevalier, comme je pense, le plus brave, vaillant, et treis-distingué seigneur d’Angleterre. PISTOL Expound unto me, boy.
BOY	He gives you upon his knees a thousand thanks, and he esteems himself happy that he hath fallen into the hands of one, as he thinks, the most brave, valorous, and thrice-worthy seigneur of England.
PISTOL	As I suck blood, I will some mercy show. Follow me.
BOY	Suivez-vous le grand capitaine.
(didascalia)	Exeunt Pistol and French Soldier
BOY	I did never know so full a voice issue from so empty a heart. But the saying is true: ‘The empty vessel makes the greatest sound.’ Bardolph and Nim had ten times more valour than this roaring devil i’th’ old play, that everyone may pare his nails with a wooden dagger, and they are both hanged, and so would this be, if he durst steal anything adventurously. I must stay with the lackeys with the luggage of our camp. The French might have a good prey of us, if he knew of it, for there is none to guard it but boys. Exit

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter the Constable, the Dukes of
(didascalia)	Orléans and Bourbon, and Lord Rambures
CONSTABLE	O diable! ORLÉANS O Seigneur! Le jour est perdu, tout est perdu!
(didascalia)	BOURBON
CONSTABLE	Mort de ma vie! All is confounded, all. Reproach and everlasting shame Sits mocking in our plumes. A short alarum O mechante fortune!– (To Rambures) Do not run away.
(didascalia)	ORLÉANS
CONSTABLE	We are enough yet living in the field To smother up the English in our throngs, If any order might be thought upon.
BOURBON	The devil take order. Once more back again! And he that will not follow Bourbon now, Let him go home, and with his cap in hand Like a base leno hold the chamber door Whilst by a slave no gentler than my dog His fairest daughter is contaminated.
CONSTABLE	Disorder that hath spoiled us friend us now. Let us on heaps go offer up our lives.
BOURBON	I’ll to the throng. Let life be short, else shame will be too long. Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Alarum. Enter King Harry and his train, with prisoners
KING HARRY	Well have we done, thrice-valiant countrymen. But all’s not done; yet keep the French the field. [Enter the Duke of Exeter]
EXETER	The Duke of York commends him to your majesty.
KING HARRY	Lives he, good uncle? Thrice within this hour I saw him down, thrice up again and fighting. From helmet to the spur, all blood he was.
EXETER	In which array, brave soldier, doth he lie, Larding the plain. And by his bloody side, Yokefellow to his honour-owing wounds, The noble Earl of Suffolk also lies. Suffolk first died, and York, all haggled over, Comes to him, where in gore he lay insteeped, And takes him by the beard, kisses the gashes That bloodily did yawn upon his face, And cries aloud, ‘Tarry, dear cousin Suffolk. My soul shall thine keep company to heaven. Tarry, sweet soul, for mine, then fly abreast, As in this glorious and well-foughten field We kept together in our chivalry.’ Upon these words I came and cheered him up. He smiled me in the face, raught me his hand, And with a feeble grip says, ‘Dear my lord, Commend my service to my sovereign.’ So did he turn, and over Suffolk’s neck He threw his wounded arm, and kissed his lips, And so espoused to death, with blood he sealed A testament of noble-ending love. The pretty and sweet manner of it forced Those waters from me which I would have stopped. But I had not so much of man in me, And all my mother came into mine eyes And gave me up to tears.
KING HARRY	I blame you not, For hearing this I must perforce compound With mistful eyes, or they will issue too.
(didascalia)	Alarum
KING HARRY	But hark, what new alarum is this same? The French have reinforced their scattered men. Then every soldier kill his prisoners. [The soldiers kill their prisoners] Give the word through.
(didascalia)	PISTOL Coup’ la gorge.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captains Fluellen and Gower
FLUELLEN	Kill the poys and the luggage! ‘Tis expressly against the law of arms. ’Tis as arrant a piece of knavery, mark you now, as can be offert. In your conscience now, is it not?
GOWER	‘Tis certain there’s not a boy left alive. And the cowardly rascals that ran from the battle ha’ done this slaughter. Besides, they have burned and carried away all that was in the King’s tent; wherefore the King most worthily hath caused every soldier to cut his prisoner’s throat. O ’tis a gallant king.
FLUELLEN	Ay, he was porn at Monmouth. Captain Gower, what call you the town’s name where Alexander the Pig was born?
GLOWER	Alexander the Great.
FLUELLEN	Why I pray you, is not ‘pig’ great? The pig or the great or the mighty or the huge or the magnanimous are all one reckonings, save the phrase is a little variations.
GOWER	I think Alexander the Great was born in Macedon. His father was called Philip of Macedon, as I take it.
FLUELLEN	I think it is e‘en Macedon where Alexander is porn. I tell you, captain, if you look in the maps of the world I warrant you sail find, in the comparisons between Macedon and Monmouth, that the situations, look you, is both alike. There is a river in Macedon, and there is also moreover a river at Monmouth. It is called Wye at Monmouth, but it is out of my prains what is the name of the other river—but ’tis all one, ’tis alike as my fingers is to my fingers, and there is salmons in both. If you mark Alexander’s life well, Harry of Monmouth’s life is come after it indifferent well. For there is figures in all things. Alexander, God knows, and you know, in his rages and his furies and his wraths and his cholers and his moods and his displeasures and his indignations, and also being a little intoxicates in his prains, did in his ales and his angers, look you, kill his best friend Cleitus—
GOWER	Our King is not like him in that. He never killed any of his friends.
FLUELLEN	It is not well done, mark you now, to take the tales out of my mouth ere it is made an end and finished. I speak but in the figures and comparisons of it. As Alexander killed his friend Cleitus, being in his ales and his cups, so also Harry Monmouth, being in his right wits and his good judgements, turned away the fat knight with the great-belly doublet—he was full of jests and gipes and knaveries and mocks—I have forgot his name.
GOWER	Sir John Falstaff.
FLUELLEN	That is he. I’ll tell you, there is good men porn at Monmouth.
GOWER	Here comes his majesty.
(didascalia)	Alarum. Enter King Harry and the English army, with the Duke of Bourbon, the Duke of Orléans, and other prisoners. Flourish
KING HARRY	I was not angry since I came to France Until this instant. Take a trumpet, herald; Ride thou unto the horsemen on yon hill. If they will fight with us, bid them come down, Or void the field: they do offend our sight. If they’ll do neither, we will come to them, And make them skirr away as swift as stones Enforced from the old Assyrian slings. Besides, we’ll cut the throats of those we have, And not a man of them that we shall take Shall taste our mercy. Go and tell them so.
(didascalia)	Enter Montjoy
EXETER	Here comes the herald of the French, my liege.
GLOUCESTER	His eyes are humbler than they used to be.
KING HARRY	How now, what means this, herald? Know‘st thou not That I have fined these bones of mine for ransom? Com’st thou again for ransom?
MONTJOY	No, great King. I come to thee for charitable licence, That we may wander o’er this bloody field To book our dead and then to bury them, To sort our nobles from our common men— For many of our princes, woe the while, Lie drowned and soaked in mercenary blood. So do our vulgar drench their peasant limbs In blood of princes, and our wounded steeds Fret fetlock-deep in gore, and with wild rage Jerk out their armed heels at their dead masters, Killing them twice. O give us leave, great King, To view the field in safety, and dispose Of their dead bodies.
KING HARRY	I tell thee truly, herald, I know not if the day be ours or no, For yet a many of your horsemen peer And gallop o’er the field.
MONTJOY	The day is yours.
KING HARRY	Praised be God, and not our strength, for it. What is this castle called that stands hard by?
MONTJOY	They call it Agincourt.
KING HARRY	Then call we this the field of Agincourt, Fought on the day of Crispin Crispian.
FLUELLEN	Your grandfather of famous memory, an’t please your majesty, and your great-uncle Edward the Plack Prince of Wales, as I have read in the chronicles, fought a most prave pattle here in France.
KING HARRY	They did, Fluellen.
FLUELLEN	Your majesty says very true. If your majesties is remembered of it, the Welshmen did good service in a garden where leeks did grow, wearing leeks in their Monmouth caps, which your majesty know to this hour is an honourable badge of the service. And I do believe your majesty takes no scorn to wear the leek upon Saint Tavy’s day.
KING HARRY	I wear it for a memorable honour, For I am Welsh, you know, good countryman.
FLUELLEN	All the water in Wye cannot wash your majesty’s Welsh plood out of your pody, I can tell you that. God pless it and preserve it, as long as it pleases his grace, and his majesty too.
KING HARRY	Thanks, good my countryman.
FLUELLEN	By Jeshu, I am your majesty’s countryman. I care not who know it, I will confess it to all the world. I need not to be ashamed of your majesty, praised be God, so long as your majesty is an honest man.
KING HARRY	God keep me so.
(didascalia)	Enter Williams with a glove in his cap
KING HARRY	Our heralds go with him. Bring me just notice of the numbers dead On both our parts.
(didascalia)	Exeunt Montjoy, Gower,and an English herald
KING HARRY	Call yonder fellow hither.
EXETER	(to Williams) Soldier, you must come to the King.
KING HARRY	Soldier, why wearest thou that glove in thy cap?
WILLIAM	An’t please your majesty, ’tis the gage of one that I should fight withal, if he be alive.
KING HARRY	An Englishman?
WILLIAMS	An’t please your majesty, a rascal, that swaggered with me last night—who, if a live, and ever dare to challenge this glove, I have sworn to take him a box o’th’ ear; or if I can see my glove in his cap—which he swore, as he was a soldier, he would wear if a lived—I will strike it out soundly.
KING HARRY	What think you, Captain Fluellen? Is it fit this soldier keep his oath?
FLUELLEN	He is a craven and a villain else, an’t please your majesty, in my conscience.
KING HARRY	It may be his enemy is a gentleman of great sort, quite from the answer of his degree.
FLUELLEN	Though he be as good a gentleman as the devil is, as Lucifer and Beelzebub himself, it is necessary, look your grace, that he keep his vow and his oath. If he be perjured, see you now, his reputation is as arrant a villain and a Jack-sauce as ever his black shoe trod upon God’s ground and his earth, in my conscience, law.
KING HARRY	Then keep thy vow, sirrah, when thou meetest the fellow.
WILLIAMS	So I will, my liege, as I live.
KING HARRY	Who serv’st thou under?
WILLIAM	Under Captain Gower, my liege.
FLUELLEN	Gower is a good captain, and is good knowledge and literatured in the wars.
KING HARRY	Call him hither to me, soldier.
WILLIAM	I will, my liege. Exit
KING HARRY	(giving him Williams’s other glove) Here, Fluellen, wear thou this favour for me and stick it in thy cap. When Alençon and myself were down together, I plucked this glove from his helm. If any man challenge this, he is a friend to Alençon and an enemy to our person. If thou encounter any such, apprehend him, an thou dost me love.
FLUELLEN	Your grace does me as great honours as can be desired in the hearts of his subjects. I would fain see the man that has but two legs that shall find himself aggriefed at this glove, that is all; but I would fain see it once. An’t please God of his grace, that I would see.
KING HARRY	Know’st thou Gower?
FLUELLEN	He is my dear friend, an’t please you.
KING HARRY	Pray thee, go seek him and bring him to my tent. 165
FLUELLEN	I will fetch him. Exit
KING HARRY	My lord of Warwick and my brother Gloucester, Follow Fluellen closely at the heels. The glove which I have given him for a favour May haply purchase him a box o’th’ ear. It is the soldier’s. I by bargain should Wear it myself. Follow, good cousin Warwick. If that the soldier strike him, as I judge By his blunt bearing he will keep his word, Some sudden mischief may arise of it, For I do know Fluellen valiant And touched with choler, hot as gunpowder, And quickly will return an injury. Follow, and see there be no harm between them. Go you with me, uncle of Exeter.
(didascalia)	Exeunt severally

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captain Gower and Williams
WILLIAMS	I warrant it is to knight you, captain. Enter Captain Fluellen
FLUELLEN	God’s will and his pleasure, captain, I beseech you now, come apace to the King. There is more good toward you, peradventure, than is in your knowledge to dream of.
WILLIAM	Sir, know you this glove?
FLUELLEN	Know the glove? I know the glove is a glove.
WILLIAM	Fplucking the glove from Fluellen’s cap] I know this, and thus I challenge it. He strikes Fluellen
FLUELLEN	God’s plood, and his! An arrant traitor as any’s in the universal world, or in France, or in England.
GOWER	(to Williams) How now, sir? You villain!
WILLIAM	Do you think I’ll be forsworn?
FLUELLEN	Stand away, Captain Gower. I will give treason his payment into plows, I warrant you. Williams I am no traitor.
FLUELLEN	That’s a lie in thy throat. I charge you in his majesty’s name, apprehend him. He’s a friend of the Duke Alençon’s.
(didascalia)	Enter the Earl of Warwick and the Duke of Gloucester
WARWICK	How now, how now, what’s the matter?
FLUELLEN	My lord of Warwick, here is—praised be God for it—a most contagious treason come to light, look you, as you shall desire in a summer’s day.
(didascalia)	Enter King Harry and the Duke of Exeter Here is his majesty.
KING HARRY	How now, what is the matter?
FLUELLEN	My liege, here is a villain and a traitor that, look your grace, has struck the glove which your majesty is take out of the helmet of Alençon.
WILLIAMS	My liege, this was my gtove—here is the fellow of it—and he that I gave it to in change promised to wear it in his cap. I promised to strike him, if he did. I met this man with my glove in his cap, and I have been as good as my word.
FLUELLEN	Your majesty hear now, saving your majesty’s manhood, what an arrant rascally beggarly lousy knave it is. I hope your majesty is pear me testimony and witness, and will avouchment that this is the glove of Alençon that your majesty is give me, in your conscience now.
KING HARRY	Give me thy glove, soldier. Look, here is the fellow of it. ‘Twas I indeed thou promisèd’st to strike, And thou hast given me most bitter terms.
FLUELLEN	An’t please your majesty, let his neck answer for it, if there is any martial law in the world.
KING HARRY	How canst thou make me satisfaction?
WILLIAMS	All offences, my lord, come from the heart. Never came any from mine that might offend your majesty.
KING HARRY	It was ourself thou didst abuse.
WILLIAMS	Your majesty came not like yourself. You appeared to me but as a common man. Witness the night, your garments, your lowliness. And what your highness suffered under that shape, I beseech you take it for your own fault, and not mine, for had you been as I took you for, I made no offence. Therefore I beseech your highness pardon me.
KING HARRY	Here, Uncle Exeter, fill this glove with crowns And give it to this fellow.—Keep it, fellow, And wear it for an honour in thy cap Till I do challenge it.—Give him the crowns. —And captain, you must needs be friends with him.
FLUELLEN	By this day and this light, the fellow has mettle enough in his betty.—Ho[d, there is twelve pence for you, and I pray you to serve God, and keep you out of prawls and prabbles and quarrels and dissensions, and I warrant you it is the better for you.
WILLIAMS	I will none of your money.
FLUELLEN	It is with a good will. I can tell you, it will serve you to mend your shoes. Come, wherefore should you be so pashful? Your shoes is not so good. ’Tis a good shilling, I warrant you, or I will change it.
(didascalia)	Enter an English Herald
KING HARRY	Now, herald, are the dead numbered?
HERALD	Here is the number of the slaughtered French.
KING HARRY	What prisoners of good sort are taken, uncle?
EXETER	Charles, Duke of Orléans, nephew to the King; Jean, Duke of Bourbon, and Lord Boucicault; Of other lords and barons, knights and squires, Full fifteen hundred, besides common men.
KING HARRY	This note doth tell me of ten thousand French That in the field lie slain. Of princes in this number And nobles bearing banners, there lie dead One hundred twenty-six; added to these, Of knights, esquires, and gallant gentlemen, Eight thousand and four hundred, of the which Five hundred were but yesterday dubbed knights. So that in these ten thousand they have lost There are but sixteen hundred mercenaries; The rest are princes, barons, lords, knights, squires, And gentlemen of blood and quality. The names of those their nobles that lie dead: Charles Delabret, High Constable of France; Jaques of Châtillon, Admiral of France; The Master of the Crossbows, Lord Rambures; Great-Master of France, the brave Sir Guiscard Dauphin; Jean, Duke of Alençon; Antony, Duke of Brabant, The brother to the Duke of Burgundy; And Édouard, Duke of Bar; of lusty earls, Grandpré and Roussi, Fauconbridge and Foix, Beaumont and Marle, Vaudemont and Lestrelles. Here was a royal fellowship of death. Where is the number of our English dead? He is given another paper Edward the Duke of York, the Earl of Suffolk, Sir Richard Keighley, Davy Gam Esquire; None else of name, and of all other men But five-and-twenty. O God, thy arm was here, And not to us, but to thy arm alone Ascribe we all. When, without stratagem, But in plain shock and even play of battle, Was ever known so great and little loss On one part and on th’other? Take it God, For it is none but thine.
EXETER	’Tis wonderful.
KING HARRY	Come, go we in procession to the village, And be it death proclaimed through our host To boast of this, or take that praise from God Which is his only.
FLUELLEN	Is it not lawful, an’t please your majesty, to tell how many is killed?
KING HARRY	Yes, captain, but with this acknowledgement, That God fought for us.
FLUELLEN	Yes, in my conscience, he did us great good.
KING HARRY	Do we all holy rites: Let there be sung Non nobis and Te Deum, The dead with charity enclosed in clay; And then to Calais, and to England then, Where ne’er from France arrived more-happy men.
(didascalia)	Exeunt

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Vouchsafe to those that have not read the story That I may prompt them—and of such as have, I humbly pray them to admit th‘excuse Of time, of numbers, and due course of things, Which cannot in their huge and proper life Be here presented. Now we bear the King Toward Calais. Grant him there; there seen, Heave him away upon your winged thoughts Athwart the sea. Behold, the English beach Pales-in the flood, with men, maids, wives, and boys, Whose shouts and claps out-voice the deep-mouthed sea, Which like a mighty whiffler fore the King Seems to prepare his way. So let him land, And solemnly see him set on to London. So swift a pace hath thought, that even now You may imagine him upon Blackheath, Where that his lords desire him to have borne His bruised helmet and his bended sword Before him through the city; he forbids it, Being free from vainness and self-glorious pride, Giving full trophy, signal, and ostent Quite from himself, to God. But now behold, In the quick forge and working-house of thought, How London doth pour out her citizens. The Mayor and all his brethren, in best sort, Like to the senators of th’antique Rome With the plebeians swarming at their heels, Go forth and fetch their conqu’ring Caesar in— As, by a lower but high-loving likelihood, Were now the General of our gracious Empress— As in good time he may—from Ireland coming, Bringing rebellion broached on his sword, How many would the peaceful city quit To welcome him! Much more, and much more cause, Did they this Harry. Now in London place him; As yet the lamentation of the French Invites the King of England’s stay at home. The Emperor’s coming in behalf of France,
(didascalia)	To order peace between them
(didascalia)	and omit
CHORUS	All the occurrences, whatever chanced, Till Harry’s back-return again to France. There must we bring him, and myself have played The interim by rememb‘ring you ’tis past. Then brook abridgement, and your eyes advance, After your thoughts, straight back again to France.
(didascalia)	Exit

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter Captain Gower and Captain Fluellen, with a leek in his cap and a cudgel
GOWER	Nay, that’s right. But why wear you your leek today? Saint Davy’s day is past.
FLUELLEN	There is occasions and causes why and wherefore in all things. I will tell you, ass my friend, Captain Gower. The rascally scald beggarly lousy pragging knave Pistot—which you and yourself and all the world know to be no petter than a fellow, look you now, of no merits—he is come to me, and prings me pread and salt yesterday, look you, and bid me eat my leek. It was in a place where I could not breed no contention with him, but I will be so bold as to wear it in my cap till I see him once again, and then I will tell him a little piece of my desires.
(didascalia)	Enter Ensign Pistol
GOWER	Why, here a comes, swelling like a turkey-cock.
FLUELLEN	‘Tis no matter for his swellings nor his turkey-cocks. —God pless you Ensign Pistol, you scurvy lousy knave, God pless you.
PISTOL	Ha, art thou bedlam? Dost thou thirst, base Trojan, To have me fold up Parca’s fatal web? Hence! I am qualmish at the smell of leek.
FLUELLEN	I peseech you heartily, scurvy lousy knave, at my desires and my requests and my petitions, to eat, look you, this leek. Because, look you, you do not love it, nor your affections and your appetites and your digestions does not agree with it, I would desire you to eat it. 26
PISTOL	Not for Cadwallader and all his goats.
FLUELLEN	There is one goat for you. (He strikes Pistol) Will you be so good, scald knave, as eat it?
PISTOL	Base Trojan, thou shalt die.
FLUELLEN	You say very true, scald knave, when God’s will is. I will desire you to live in the mean time, and eat your victuals. Come, there is sauce for it. (He strikes him) You called me yesterday ‘mountain-squire’, but I will make you today a ‘squire of low degree’. I pray you, fall to. If you can mock a leek you can eat a leek.
(didascalia)	He strikes him
GOWER	Enough, captain, you have astonished him.
FLUELLEN	By Jesu, I will make him eat some part of my leek, or I will peat his pate four days and four nights.—Bite, I pray you. It is good for your green wound and your ploody coxcomb.
PISTOL	Must I bite?
FLUELLEN	Yes, certainly, and out of doubt and out of question too, and ambiguities.
PISTOL	By this leek, I will most horribly revenge—
(didascalia)	Fluellen threatens him I eat and eat—I swear—
FLUELLEN	Eat, I pray you. Will you have some more sauce to your leek? There is not enough leek to swear by.
PISTOL	Quiet thy cudgel, thou dost see I eat.
FLUELLEN	Much good do you, scald knave, heartily. Nay, pray you throw none away. The skin is good for your broken coxcomb. When you take occasions to see leeks hereafter, I pray you mock at ’em, that is all.
PISTOL	Good.
FLUELLEN	Ay, leeks is good. Hold you, there is a groat to heal your pate.
PISTOL	Me, a groat?
FLUELLEN	Yes, verity, and in truth you shall take it, or I have another leek in my pocket which you shall eat.
PISTOL	I take thy groat in earnest of revenge.
FLUELLEN	If I owe you anything, I will pay you in cudgels. You shall be a woodmonger, and buy nothing of me but cudgels. God b’wi’ you, and keep you, and heal your pate. Exit
PISTOL	All hell shall stir for this.
GOWER	Go, go, you are a counterfeit cowardly knave. Will you mock at an ancient tradition, begun upon an honourable respect and worn as a memorable trophy of predeceased valour, and dare not avouch in your deeds any of your words? I have seen you gleeking and galling at this gentleman twice or thrice. You thought, because he could not speak English in the native garb, he could not therefore handle an English cudgel. You find it otherwise. And henceforth let a Welsh correction teach you a good English condition. Fare ye well.
(didascalia)	Exit
PISTOL	Doth Fortune play the hussy with me now? News have I that my Nell is dead I’th’ spital of a malady of France, And there my rendezvous is quite cut off. Old I do wax, and from my weary limbs Honour is cudgelled. Well, bawd I’ll turn, And something lean to cutpurse of quick hand. To England will I steal, and there I’ll steal, And patches will I get unto these cudgelled scars, And swear I got them in the Gallia wars.
(didascalia)	Exit

Speaker	Line
(didascalia)	Enter at one door King Harry, the Dukes of Exeter and Clarence, the Earl of Warwick, and other lords; at another, King Charles the Sixth of France, Queen Isabel, the Duke of Burgundy, and other French, among them Princess Catherine and Alice
KING HARRY	Peace to this meeting, wherefor we are met. Unto our brother France and to our sister, Health and fair time of day. joy and good wishes To our most fair and princely cousin Catherine; And as a branch and member of this royalty, By whom this great assembly is contrived, We do salute you, Duke of Burgundy. And princes French, and peers, health to you all.
KING CHARLES	Right joyous are we to behold your face. Most worthy brother England, fairly met. So are you, princes English, every one.
QUEEN ISABEL	So happy be the issue, brother England, Of this good day and of this gracious meeting, As we are now glad to behold your eyes— Your eyes which hitherto have borne in them, Against the French that met them in their bent, The fatal balls of murdering basilisks. The venom of such looks we fairly hope Have lost their quality, and that this day Shall change all griefs and quarrels into love.
KING HARRY	To cry amen to that, thus we appear.
QUEEN ISABEL	You English princes all, I do salute you.
BURGUNDY	My duty to you both, on equal love, Great Kings of France and England. That I have laboured With all my wits, my pains, and strong endeavours, To bring your most imperial majesties Unto this bar and royal interview, Your mightiness on both parts best can witness. Since, then, my office hath so far prevailed That face to face and royal eye to eye You have congreeted, let it not disgrace me If I demand, before this royal view, What rub or what impediment there is Why that the naked, poor, and mangled peace, Dear nurse of arts, plenties, and joyful births, Should not in this best garden of the world, Our fertile France, put up her lovely visage? Alas, she hath from France too long been chased, And all her husbandry doth lie on heaps, Corrupting in it own fertility. Her vine, the merry cheerer of the heart, Unprunèd dies; her hedges even-plashed Like prisoners wildly overgrown with hair Put forth disordered twigs; her fallow leas The darnel, hemlock, and rank fumitory Doth root upon, while that the coulter rusts That should deracinate such savagery. The even mead—that erst brought sweetly forth The freckled cowslip, burnet, and green clover— Wanting the scythe, all uncorrected, rank, Conceives by idleness, and nothing teems But hateful docks, rough thistles, kecksies, burs, Losing both beauty and utility. An all our vineyards, fallows, meads, and hedges, Defective in their natures, grow to wildness, Even so our houses and ourselves and children Have lost, or do not learn for want of time, The sciences that should become our country, But grow like savages—as soldiers will That nothing do but meditate on blood— To swearing and stern looks, diffused attire, And everything that seems unnatural. Which to reduce into our former favour You are assembled, and my speech entreats That I may know the let why gentle peace Should not expel these inconveniences And bless us with her former qualities.
KING HARRY	If, Duke of Burgundy, you would the peace Whose want gives growth to th’imperfections Which you have cited, you must buy that peace With full accord to all our just demands, Whose tenors and particular effects You have enscheduled briefly in your hands.
BURGUNDY	The King hath heard them, to the which as yet There is no answer made.
KING HARRY	Well then, the peace, Which you before so urged, lies in his answer.
KING CHARLES	I have but with a cursitory eye O’erglanced the articles. Pleaseth your grace To appoint some of your council presently To sit with us once more, with better heed To re-survey them, we will suddenly Pass our accept and peremptory answer.
KING HARRY	Brother, we shall.—Go, Uncle Exeter And brother Clarence, and you, brother Gloucester; Warwick and Huntingdon, go with the King, And take with you free power to ratify, Augment, or alter, as your wisdoms best Shall see advantageable for our dignity, Anything in or out of our demands, And we’ll consign thereto.—Will you, fair sister, Go with the princes, or stay here with us?
QUEEN	Our gracious brother, I will go with them. Haply a woman’s voice may do some good When articles too nicely urged be stood on.
KING HARRY	Yet leave our cousin Catherine here with us. She is our capital demand, comprised
(didascalia)	Within the fore-rank of our articles.
QUEEN	She hath good leave.
(didascalia)	Exeunt all but King Harry, Catherine, and Alice
KING HARRY	Fair Catherine, and most fair, Will you vouchsafe to teach a soldier terms Such as will enter at a lady’s ear And plead his love-suit to her gentle heart?
CATHERINE	Your majesty shall mock at me. I cannot speak your England.
KING HARRY	O fair Catherine, if you will love me soundly with your French heart, I will be glad to hear you confess it brokenly with your English tongue. Do you like me, Kate?
CATHERINE	Pardonnez-moi, I cannot tell vat is ‘like me’.
KING HARRY	An angel is like you, Kate, and you are like an angel.
CATHERINE	(to Alice) Que dit-il?—que je suis semblable à les anges?
ALICE	Oui, vraiment—sauf votre grâce—ainsi dit-il.
KING HARRY	I said so, dear Catherine, and I must not blush to affirm it.
CATHERINE	O bon Dieu! Les langues des hommes sont pleines de tromperies.
KING HARRY	What says she, fair one? That the tongues of men are full of deceits?
ALICE	Oui, dat de tongeus of de mans is be full of deceits—dat is de Princess.
KING HARRY	The Princess is the better Englishwoman. I‘faith, Kate, my wooing is fit for thy understanding. I am glad thou canst speak no better English, for if thou couldst, thou wouldst find me such a plain king that thou wouldst think I had sold my farm to buy my crown. I know no ways to mince it in love, but directly to say, ‘I love you’; then if you urge me farther than to say, ‘Do you in faith?’, I wear out my suit. Give me your answer, i’faith do, and so clap hands and a bargain. How say you, lady?
CATHERINE	Sauf votre honneur, me understand well.
KING HARRY	Marry, if you would put me to verses, or to dance for your sake, Kate, why, you undid me. For the one I have neither words nor measure, and for the other I have no strength in measure—yet a reasonable measure in strength. If I could win a lady at leap-frog, or by vaulting into my saddle with my armour on my back, under the correction of bragging be it spoken, I should quickly leap into a wife. Or if I might buffet for my love, or bound my horse for her favours, I could lay on like a butcher, and sit like a jackanapes, never off. But before God, Kate, I cannot look greenly, nor gasp out my eloquence, nor I have no cunning in protestation—only downright oaths, which I never use till urged, nor never break for urging. If thou canst love a fellow of this temper, Kate, whose face is not worth sunburning, that never looks in his glass for love of anything he sees there, let thine eye be thy cook. I speak to thee plain soldier: if thou canst love me for this, take me. If not, to say to thee that I shall die, is true—but for thy love, by the Lord, no. Yet I love thee, too. And while thou livest, dear Kate, take a fellow of plain and uncoined constancy, for he perforce must do thee right, because he hath not the gift to woo in other places. For these fellows of infinite tongue, that can rhyme themselves into ladies’ favours, they do always reason themselves out again. What! A speaker is but a prater, a rhyme is but a ballad; a good leg will fall, a straight back will stoop, a black beard will turn white, a curled pate will grow bald, a fair face will wither, a full eye will wax hollow, but a good heart, Kate, is the sun and the moon—or rather the sun and not the moon, for it shines bright and never changes, but keeps his course truly. If thou would have such a one, take me; and take me, take a soldier; take a soldier, take a king. And what sayst thou then to my love? Speak, my fair—and fairly, I pray thee.
CATHERINE	Is it possible dat I sould love de ennemi of France?
KING HARRY	No, it is not possible you should love the enemy of France, Kate. But in loving me, you should love the friend of France, for I love France so well that I will not part with a village of it, I will have it all mine; and Kate, when France is mine, and I am yours, then yours is France, and you are mine.
CATHERINE	I cannot tell vat is dat.
KING HARRY	No, Kate? I will tell thee in French—which I am sure will hang upon my tongue like a new-married wife about her husband’s neck, hardly to be shook off. le quand suis le possesseur de France, et quand vous avez le possession de moi—let me see, what then? Saint Denis be my speed!—donc vôtre est France, et vous êtes mienne. It is as easy for me, Kate, to conquer the kingdom as to speak so much more French. I shall never move thee in French, unless it be to laugh at me.
CATHERINE	Sauf votre honneur, le français que vous parlez, il est meilleur que l’anglais lequel je parle.
KING HARRY	No, faith, is’t not, Kate. But thy speaking of my tongue, and I thine, most truly-falsely, must needs be granted to be much at one. But Kate, dost thou understand thus much English? Canst thou love me?
CATHERINE	I cannot tell.
KING HARRY	Can any of your neighbours tell, Kate? I’ll ask them. Come, I know thou lovest me, and at night when you come into your closet you’ll question this gentlewoman about me, and I know, Kate, you will to her dispraise those parts in me that you love with your heart. But good Kate, mock me mercifully—the rather, gentle princess, because I love thee cruelly. If ever thou be’st mine, Kate—as I have a saving faith within me tells me thou shalt—I get thee with scrambling, and thou must therefore needs prove a good soldier-breeder. Shall not thou and I, between Saint Denis and Saint George, compound a boy, half-French half-English, that shall go to Constantinople and take the Turk by the beard? Shall we not? What sayst thou, my fair flowerde-luce?
CATHERINE	I do not know dat.
KING HARRY	No, ’tis hereafter to know, but now to promise. Do but now promise, Kate, you will endeavour for your French part of such a boy, and for my English moiety take the word of a king and a bachelor. How answer you, la plus belle Catherine du monde, mon très chere et divine deésse?
CATHERINE	Your majesté ’ave faux French enough to deceive de most sage demoiselle dat is en France.
KING HARRY	Now fie upon my false French! By mine honour, in true English, I love thee, Kate. By which honour I dare not swear thou lovest me, yet my blood begins to flatter me that thou dost, notwithstanding the poor and untempering effect of my visage. Now beshrew my father’s ambition! He was thinking of civil wars when he got me; therefore was I created with a stubborn outside, with an aspect of iron, that when I come to woo ladies I fright them. But in faith, Kate, the elder I wax the better I shall appear. My comfort is that old age, that ill layer-up of beauty, can do no more spoil upon my face. Thou hast me, if thou hast me, at the worst, and thou shalt wear me, if thou wear me, better and better; and therefore tell me, most fair Catherine, will you have me? Put off your maiden blushes, avouch the thoughts of your heart with the looks of an empress, take me by the hand and say, ‘Harry of England, I am thine’—which word thou shalt no sooner bless mine ear withal, but I will tell thee aloud, ‘England is thine, Ireland is thine, France is thine, and Henry Plantagenet is thine’—who, though I speak it before his face, if he be not fellow with the best king, thou shalt find the best king of good fellows. Come, your answer in broken music—for thy voice is music and thy English broken. Therefore, queen of all, Catherine, break thy mind to me in broken English: wilt thou have me?
CATHERINE	Dat is as it shall please de roi mon père.
KING HARRY	Nay, it will please him well, Kate. It shall please him, Kate.
CATHERINE	Den it sail also content me.
KING HARRY	Upon that I kiss your hand, and I call you my queen.
CATHERINE	Laissez, mon seigneur, laissez, laissez! Ma foi, je ne veux point que vous abbaissez votre grandeur en baisant la main d’une de votre seigneurie indigne serviteur. Excusezmoi, je vous supplie, mon treis-puissant seigneur.
KING HARRY	Then I will kiss your lips, Kate. 255
CATHERINE	Les dames et demoiselles pour être baisées devant leurs noces, il n’est pas la coutume de France.
KING HARRY	(to Alice) Madam my interpreter, what says she?
ALICE	Dat it is not be de façon pour les ladies of France—I cannot tell vat is baiser en Anglish.
KING HARRY	To kiss.
ALICE	Your majesté entend bettre que moi.
KING HARRY	It is not a fashion for the maids in France to kiss before they are married, would she say? 265 ALICE Oui, vraiment.
KING HARRY	O Kate, nice customs curtsy to great kings. Dear Kate, you and I cannot be confined within the weak list of a country’s fashion. We are the makers of manners, Kate, and the liberty that follows our places stops the mouth of all find-faults, as I will do yours, for upholding the nice fashion of your country in denying me a kiss. Therefore, patiently and yielding. (He kisses her) You have witchcraft in your lips, Kate. There is more eloquence in a sugar touch of them than in the tongues of the French Council, and they should sooner persuade Harry of England than a general petition of monarchs. Here comes your father Enter King Charles, Queen Isabel, the Duke of Burgundy, and the French and English lords
BURGUNDY	God save your majesty. My royal cousin, teach you our princess English?
KING HARRY	I would have her learn, my fair cousin, how perfectly I love her, and that is good English.
BURGUNDY	Is she not apt?
KING HARRY	Our tongue is rough, coz, and my condition is not smooth, so that having neither the voice nor the heart of flattery about me I cannot so conjure up the spirit of love in her that he will appear in his true likeness.
BURGUNDY	Pardon the frankness of my mirth, if I answer you for that. If you would conjure in her, you must make a circle; if conjure up love in her in his true likeness, he must appear naked and blind. Can you blame her then, being a maid yet rosed over with the virgin crimson of modesty, if she deny the appearance of a naked blind boy in her naked seeing self? It were, my lord, a hard condition for a maid to consign to.
KING HARRY	Yet they do wink and yield, as love is blind and enforces.
BURGUNDY	They are then excused, my lord, when they see not what they do.
KING HARRY	Then, good my lord, teach your cousin to consent winking.
BURGUNDY	I will wink on her to consent, my lord, if you will teach her to know my meaning. For maids, well summered and warm kept, are like flies at Bartholomew-tide: blind, though they have their eyes. And then they will endure handling, which before would not abide looking on.
KING HARRY	This moral ties me over to time and a hot summer, and so I shall catch the fly, your cousin, in the latter end, and she must be blind too.
BURGUNDY	As love is, my lord, before that it loves.
KING HARRY	It is so. And you may, some of you, thank love for my blindness, who cannot see many a fair French city for one fair French maid that stands in my way.
KING CHARLES	Yes, my lord, you see them perspectively, the cities turned into a maid—for they are all girdled with maiden walls that war hath never entered.
KING HARRY	Shall Kate be my wife?
KING CHARLES	So please you.
KING HARRY	I am content, so the maiden cities you talk of may wait on her: so the maid that stood in the way for my wish shall show me the way to my will.
KING CHARLES	We have consented to all terms of reason.
KING HARRY	Is’t so, my lords of England?
(didascalia)	WARWICKI
KING HARRY	The King hath granted every article: His daughter first, and so in sequel all, According to their firm proposed natures.
EXETER	Only he hath not yet subscribed this: where your majesty demands that the King of France, having any occasion to write for matter of grant, shall name your highness in this form and with this addition:
(didascalia)	reads in French, Notre très
EXETER	cher fils Henri, Roi d’Angleterre, Heritier de France, and thus in Latin, Praeclarissimus filius noster Henricus, Rex Angliae et Haeres Franciae.
KING CHARLES	Nor this I have not, brother, so denied, But your request shall make me let it pass.
KING HARRY	I pray you then, in love and dear alliance, Let that one article rank with the rest, And thereupon give me your daughter.
KING CHARLES	Take her, fair son, and from her blood raise up Issue to me, that the contending kingdoms Of France and England, whose very shores look pale With envy of each other’s happiness, May cease their hatred, and this dear conjunction Plant neighbourhood and Christian-like accord In their sweet bosoms, that never war advance His bleeding sword ’twixt England and fair France.
(didascalia)	ALL Amen.
KING HARRY	Now welcome, Kate, and bear me witness all That here I kiss her as my sovereign Queen.
(didascalia)	Flourish
QUEEN ISABEL	God, the best maker of all marriages, Combine your hearts in one, your realms in one. As man and wife, being two, are one in love, So be there ‘twixt your kingdoms such a spousal That never may ill office or fell jealousy, Which troubles oft the bed of blessed marriage, Thrust in between the paction of these kingdoms To make divorce of their incorporate league; That English may as French, French Englishmen, Receive each other, God speak this ‘Amen’.
ALL	Amen.
KING HARRY	Prepare we for our marriage. On which day, My lord of Burgundy, we’ll take your oath, And all the peers‘, for surety of our leagues. Then shall I swear to Kate, and you to me, And may our oaths well kept and prosp’rous be.
(didascalia)	Sennet. Exeunt
KING HARRY	Epilogue
(didascalia)	Enter Chorus
CHORUS	Thus far with rough and all-unable pen Our bending author hath pursued the story, In little room confining mighty men, Mangling by starts the full course of their glory. Small time, but in that small most greatly lived This star of England. Fortune made his sword, By which the world’s best garden he achieved, And of it left his son imperial lord. Henry the Sixth, in infant bands crowned king Of France and England, did this king succeed, Whose state so many had the managing That they lost France and made his England bleed, Which oft our stage hath shown—and, for their sake, In your fair minds let this acceptance take. Exit
ADDITIONAL PASSAGES	The Dauphin/Bourbon variant, which usually involves only the alteration of speech-prefixes, has several consequences for the dialogue and structure of 4.5. There follow edited texts of the Folio and Quarto versions of this scene.
(didascalia)	Enter the Constable, Orleans, Bourbon, the Dauphin, and Rambures
CONSTABLE	O diable! ORLÉANS O Seigneur! Le jour est perdu, tout est perdu.
DAUPHIN	Mort de ma vie! All is confounded, all. Reproach and everlasting shame Sits mocking in our plumes. A short alarum O méchante fortune! Do not run away.
(didascalia)	Exit Rambures
CONSTABLE	Why, all our ranks are broke.
DAUPHIN	O perdurable shame! Let’s stab ourselves: Be these the wretches that we played at dice for? ORLÉANS Is this the king we sent to for his ransom?
BOURBON	Shame, an eternall shame, nothing but shame! Let us die in pride. In once more, back again! And he that will not follow Bourbon now, Let him go home, and with his cap in hand Like a base leno hold the chamber door, Whilst by a slave no gentler than my dog His fairest daughter is contaminated.
CONSTABLE	Disorder that hath spoiled us, friend us now, Let us on heaps go offer up our lives. ORLÉANS We are enough yet living in the field To smother up the English in our throngs, If any order might be thought upon.
BOURBON	The devil take order now. I’ll to the throng. Let life be short, else shame will be too long.
(didascalia)	Exeunt
(didascalia)	Enter the four French lords: the Constable, Orléans, Bourbon, and Gebon
GEBON	O diabello!
CONSTABLE	Mort de ma vie! ORLÉANS O what a day is this!
BOURBON	O jour de honte, all is gone, all is lost.
CONSTABLE	We are enough yet living in the field To smother up the English, If any order might be thought upon.
BOURBON	A plague of order! Once more to the field! And he that will not follow Bourbon now, Let him go home, and with his cap in hand, Like a base leno hold the chamber door, Whilst by a slave no gentler than my dog His fairest daughter is contaminated.
CONSTABLE	Disorder that hath spoiled us, right us now. Come we in heaps, we’ll offer up our lives Unto these English, or else die with fame.
(didascalia)	BOURBON Come, come along.
CONSTABLE	Let’s die with honour, our shame doth last too long.
(didascalia)	Exeunt
ON	21 September 1599 a Swiss doctor, Thomas Platter, saw what can only have been Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar ‘very pleasingly performed’ in the newly built Globe Theatre—‘the straw-thatched house’—on the south side of the Thames. Francis Meres does not mention the play in Palladis Tamia of 1598, and minor resemblances with works printed in the early part of 1599 suggest that Shakespeare wrote it during that year. It was first printed in the 1623 Folio. Julius Caesar shows Shakespeare turning from English to Roman history, which he had last used in Titus Andronicus and The Rape of Lucrece. Caesar was regarded as perhaps the greatest ruler in the history of the world, and his murder by Brutus as one of the foulest crimes: but it was also recognized that Caesar had faults and Brutus virtues. Other plays, some now lost, had been written about Caesar and may have influenced Shakespeare; but there is no question that he made extensive use (for the first time in this play) of Sir Thomas North’s great translation (based on Jacques Amyot’s French version and published in 1579) of Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans by the Greek historian Plutarch, who lived from about AD 50 to 130. Shakespeare was interested in the aftermath of Caesar’s death as well as in the events leading up to it, and in the public and private motives of those responsible for it. So, although the Folio calls the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Caesar is dead before the play is half over; Brutus, Cassius, and Antony have considerably longer roles, and Brutus is portrayed with a degree of introspection which links him more closely to Shakespeare’s other tragic heroes. Shakespeare draws mainly on the last quarter of Plutarch’s Life of Caesar, showing his fall; he also uses the Lives of Antony and Brutus for the play’s first sweep of action, showing the rise of the conspiracy against Caesar, its leaders’ efforts to persuade Brutus to join them, the assassination itself, and its immediate aftermath as Antony incites the citizens to revenge. The second part, showing the formation of the triumvirate of Antony, Lepidus, and Octavius Caesar, the uneasy alliance of Brutus and Cassius, and the battles in which Caesar’s spirit revenges itself, depends mainly on the Life of Brutus. Facts are often altered and rearranged in the interests of dramatic economy and effectiveness. Although Shakespeare wrote the play at a point in his career at which he was tending to use a high proportion of prose, Julius Caesar is written mainly in verse; as if to suit the subject matter, the style is classical in its lucidity and eloquence, reaching a climax of rhetorical effectiveness in the speeches over Caesar’s body (3.2). The play’s stage-worthiness has been repeatedly demonstrated; it offers excellent opportunities in all its main roles, and the quarrel between Brutus and Cassius (4.2) has been admired ever since Leonard Digges, a contemporary of Shakespeare, praised it at the expense of Ben Jonson: So have I seen, when Caesar would appear, And on the stage at half-sword parley were Brutus and Cassius; O, how the audience Were ravished, with what wonder they went thence, When some new day they would not brook a line Of tedious though well-laboured Catiline.
THE PERSONS OF THE	PLAY